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76-424: The planning of the line started in 1971 along with the planning of Tōkadai New Town , a planned city outside Komaki designed for 54,000 people. The decision to choose a people mover system was made in 1974, with a projected ridership of 43,000 passengers per day (ppd) and a budget of 24.5 billion yen , and a second stage to Kōzōji planned. However, in 1978, the town's planned size was cut down to 47,000 people and

152-407: A port and developed infrastructure. Other cities that were developed following Israel's lineation plan are Shoham , Karmiel and Arad . Modi'in-Maccabim-Re'ut has been another of the country's most successful planned cities. Construction began in 1994 and it now has a population of over 80,000. Modi'in also rates higher in terms of average salary and graduation rates than the national average. It

228-495: A form of planning are as follows: A number of cities were set up during the apartheid-era for a variety of ethnic groups. Planned settlements set up for white inhabitants included Welkom , Sasolburg and Secunda . Additionally the majority of settlements in South Africa were planned in their early stages and the original town centres still lie in a grid street fashion. Some settlements were also set up for non-whites such as

304-493: A hilly landscape and was previously an industrial forest , with its concession owned by Sukanto Tanoto . Nusantara encompasses an area of 2,560 km (990 sq mi) designated as National Strategic Area ( Kawasan Strategis Nasional, KSN ), with 68.56 km (26.47 sq mi) as the Main Governmental Zone ( Kawasan Inti Pusat Pemerintahan, KIPP ), 561.80 km (216.91 sq mi) as

380-428: A list of Iran's modern planned cities see: List of Iran's planned cities . According to politics of country settlement a number of planned cities were created in peripheral regions. De facto all the cities which have Jewish population its new Jewish side have been planned like New Acre and Nazareth Illit. Those cities also known as Development Towns . The most successful is Ashdod with more than 200,000 inhabitants,

456-533: A primary function, but also aspire to create an all-inclusive urban environment. Japan's New Town program is heavily informed by the Anglo-American Garden City tradition, American neighborhood design, as well as Soviet strategies of industrial development. In 2002 Prime Minister Junichiro Koizumi announced the end of new town construction, although the new towns continue to receive government funding and redevelopment. Sources: Naypyidaw

532-451: A remote corner on Hong Kong Island , with similar concepts in a smaller scale. In the late 1960s and the 1970s, another stage of new town developments was launched. Nine new towns have been developed to date. Land use is carefully planned and development provides plenty of room for public housing projects. Rail transport is usually available at a later stage. The first towns are Sha Tin , Tsuen Wan , Tuen Mun and Tseung Kwan O . Tuen Mun

608-726: A result, Nationalist forces constructed several military dependents' villages that were intended to be temporary housing for party members and their families to regain Mainland China from the Communists . Many of these neighborhoods became permanent and still exist today. Beginning in the 1950s, the Taiwan Provincial Government was moved out of Taipei to central Taiwan for security reasons. Several new planned communities were created to house these government employees. The first planned community under

684-417: A similar relocation, when Brazil relocated its capital from Rio de Janeiro to Brasília in 1960. The Ministry of Public Works and Public Housing organized a capital city design contest in late 2019. The winner, Nagara Rimba Nusa ('Forest Archipelagic Country') by Urban+ was officially announced on 23 December 2019. The government undertook to collaborate on the design of the winning team with that of

760-516: Is a planned city that is hoped to become a hub of African science and technology upon its completion in 2030. Tatu City is also another planned city located in Kiambu county. The capital, Abuja , is a planned city and was built mainly in the 1980s. Several other cities are under development to accommodate the rapidly growing population, some of which include: Eko Atlantic City , a planned city of Lagos State being constructed on land reclaimed from

836-577: Is an ancient town in Tekes County , Ili Kazakh Autonomous Prefecture , Xinjiang, with a shape of a ba gua . In modern China, many special economic zones are developed from the sketch, for example, Pudong , a new district of Shanghai. Quezon City was the planned city of President Manuel L. Quezon , who had earlier proposed a new city to be built on land northeast of the City of Manila . Carefully planned districts include Santa Mesa Heights (part of

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912-496: Is owned by Accor Group , working with Hotel Nusantara and Sembcorp partnering with state-owned electricity company PLN . He also claimed there were 300 letters of intent . As of August 2024, IDR 56.2 trillion of investment already entered Nusantara. However, construction delays are still happening and there are concerns of the financial viability and the unfinished core infrastructure of Nusantara. On 29 July 2024, outgoing Indonesian President Joko Widodo began working from

988-504: Is planned for the new capital. The city's development focuses on creating dense, walkable areas and will feature a citywide network of cycling paths, two rail lines for a metro system, a bus rapid transit system, and autonomous minibuses as feeder services. An automated guideway transit system will connect the new capital to the Balikpapan highway. Additionally, a new intercity and regional rail system will be constructed to link

1064-403: Is taken from Gajah Mada 's oath and may be interpreted as a translation of Dvīpāntara , an older Sanskrit term coined by Kertanegara , which carries roughly the same meaning. Nusantara was chosen as the official name for the new capital city of Indonesia to embody the national geopolitical vision known as Wawasan Nusantara ( lit.   ' Nusantara Vision ' ; or 'Vision of

1140-517: Is the capital of Myanmar. It is administered by the Naypyidaw Union Territory , as per the 2008 Constitution . On 6 November 2005, the administrative capital of Myanmar was officially moved to a greenfield 3.2 km west of Pyinmana , and approximately 300 km north of Yangon (Rangoon), the previous capital. The capital's official name was announced on 27 March 2006, coinciding with Myanmar's Armed Forces Day . Much of

1216-651: The COVID-19 vaccination campaign was completed in March 2022. In March 2022, the Japanese SoftBank Group withdrew from the project because of uncertainty about returns. According to Indonesian Maritime Affairs and Investment Coordinating Minister Luhut Panjaitan , the investment would have totalled U$ 30–40 billion. This was a setback as the Indonesian government had planned to supply only 19.2% of

1292-464: The Indonesian archipelago and to reduce Jakarta's burden as Indonesia's primary hub. Jokowi made an announcement about moving the capital city to Kalimantan during his state address in parliament seven days earlier. The National Development Planning Ministry estimated the relocation cost to be Rp  466 trillion ( US$ 32.7 billion) and that the government intended to cover 19% of

1368-498: The Japanese Communist Party (disputed by some town councillors), the building of the line had increased the original sale prices of apartments in the area by approximately one million yen. By the mid-2000s, it had become time for the system to undergo replacement and renewal of equipment and infrastructure. Because of high costs, alternatives to the looming renewal were considered including the complete closure of

1444-584: The Joko Widodo (Jokowi) administration reawakened a dormant motion to move the country's capital from Jakarta, making a commitment to completely assess prospective alternative sites for Indonesia's new capital by the end of that year. According to an official from the Ministry of National Development Planning of Indonesia (Bappenas), the government was determined to move the Indonesian capital out of Java , an idea that had been intermittently floated since

1520-514: The People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) suggested a constitutional amendment to re-establish MPR's ability to enact Principals of State Policies ( Pokok–Pokok Haluan Negara, PPHN ), similar to the New Order 's MPR's State Policies Outline ( Garis Besar Haluan Negara, GBHN ). This was to provide security and sustainability to the project and ensure its continuation after Jokowi was no longer in

1596-535: The Persian Gulf region are also planned cities. Sejong was constructed to be a planned-administrative capital of South Korea. The city of Gaborone was planned and constructed in the 1960s. Company towns During the construction of the Suez Canal in the 1860s, and after, new towns were planned and built to serve the new international shipping canal. Other smaller company towns were built during

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1672-738: The Sukarno administration, which had considered Palangka Raya in Central Kalimantan . Shortly after the plan was announced, Jokowi visited two alternative locations in Kalimantan , Bukit Soeharto in East Kalimantan , and the Triangle Area near Palangka Raya . In April 2019, a 10-year plan to transfer all government offices to a new capital city was announced. The National Development Planning Ministry recommended

1748-606: The 1980s has precedents in the New Industrial Cities Act of the 1960s. These cities are largely modeled after Tsukuba Academic New Town (Tsukuba Science City) in that they attempt to agglomerate high-tech resources together in a campus-like environment. In the past, the Japanese government had proposed relocating the capital to a planned city, but this plan was cancelled. Overall, Japan's New Town program consists of many diverse projects, most of which focus on

1824-567: The 20th Century to serve oil exploration sites and factories. The larger towns have since been incorporated into mainstream local government. New urban communities In the late 1970s, it became national policy to construct new desert towns in Egypt, managed by the New Urban Communities Authority . In 2012, President Teodoro Obiang decided to move the capital to a new jungle site at Oyala . Konza Technology City

1900-542: The Atlantic Ocean. Upon completion, the new city which is still under development, is anticipating 250,000 residents and a daily flow of 150,000 commuters. Centenary City , in the Federal Capital Territory , is another planned smart city under development. The city is designed to become a major tourist attraction to the country. A list of Nigerian cities and neighbourhoods that went through

1976-856: The Capital City Area ( Kawasan Ibu Kota Negara ), and the remainder as the Capital City Development Zone ( Kawasan Pengembangan Ibu Kota Negara ). The Nusantara metropolitan area will include the surrounding regencies and cities of East Kalimantan, such as Balikpapan and Samarinda . Nusantara is managed by an agency known as the Nusantara Capital City Authority (Indonesian: Otorita Ibu Kota Nusantara ). Its structure differs from that of other cities in Indonesia, which are considered autonomous, self-governing entities separate from

2052-465: The Indonesian archipelago'). It also reflects the country's status as an archipelagic state . According to local Kutai oral tradition recorded in the historical manuscript Salasilah Kutai ( lit.   ' The genealogy of the Kutai kingdom ' ), the area was referred to as Nusentara ( lit.   ' land that is divided ' ) before it was named Kutai in the 13th century. In April 2017,

2128-522: The Institute for Demographic and Poverty Studies (Ideas), speculated that this might have been sparked by president-elect Prabowo being less enthusiastic about the project than Jokowi was, he claimed Prabowo's statements at the time was the project would still continue, but would no longer be a priority. On 12 August 2024, Prabowo said he will continue the project and if possible he will finish it. He believes it will be long and difficult, but in 3-5 years

2204-578: The Nusantara region to ensure the participation of local workers. The project is expected to be fully finished in 2045, with Phase 5 being the last. On 17 August 2024, Indonesia officially celebrated its Independence Day for the first time in Nusantara. The word nusantara is derived from an Old Javanese compound of nūsa ( lit.   ' islands ' ) + antara ( lit.   ' outer ' ), which can be roughly translated as 'the outer islands' (from Java island's perspective). This term

2280-406: The Nusantara site. However, this decision drew criticism from local organizations for not adequately involving local workers. In response to these concerns, President Joko Widodo instructed the Nusantara Capital City Authority to increase the workforce to between 150,000 and 200,000 to ensure the participation of local workers in the development of Nusantara. Construction was delayed until after

2356-520: The South Korea's government facilities. New Songdo City is a planned international business centre to be developed on 6 square kilometres of reclaimed land along Incheon's waterfront, 65 kilometres west of Seoul and connected to Incheon International Airport by a 10-kilometre highway bridge. This 10-year development project is estimated to cost in excess of $ 40 billion, making it the largest private development project ever undertaken anywhere in

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2432-576: The United States, the modern parts of Astana in Kazakhstan, and Ankara in Turkey. In Indonesia, Nusantara is planned to be inaugurated on 17 August 2024, and in Egypt a new capital city (to the east of Cairo) is under construction. Putrajaya , the federal administrative and judicial centre of Malaysia , is also a planned city. Abu Dhabi (UAE) and some of the recently built cities in

2508-551: The authority was under the leadership of Head Bambang Susantono and Deputy Head Dhony Rahajoe . In June 2024, Bambang Susantono and Dhony Rahajoe resigned from their respective roles ahead of the inauguration of the city. Their motives is said to be personal reasons. Currently the head of the Nusantara Capital City Authority is Basuki Hadimuljono who is also the head of the Ministry of Public Works and Housing of Indonesia . While Bambang Susantono

2584-536: The background was Guangfu New Village , located in Wufeng, Taichung . After Guangfu New Village, other communities were created as well: Nusantara (city) Nusantara ( Indonesian pronunciation: [nusanˈtara] ), officially Nusantara Capital City ( Indonesian : Ibu Kota Nusantara , abbreviated IKN ), is the future capital of Indonesia , located between Kutai Kartanegara Regency and Penajam North Paser Regency , East Kalimantan , on

2660-512: The bill for capital relocation was completed. On 29 September 2021, the Jokowi administration submitted an omnibus bill for the capital relocation to the House of Representatives (the lower house of Indonesian legislature). Amongst many items prescribed in the bill, it contained the plan for the formation of a Capital City Authority ( Otorita Ibu Kota Negara ), a special agency responsible for

2736-638: The capital on 24 June 1976. He then created a metropolitan area called Metro Manila , which remains congested today due to failed execution of the Quezon City plan as well as the Burnham Plan. Other planned cities (in order of foundation): King Abdullah Economic City , a future planned city along the Red Sea located in Saudi Arabia. In 1975, Jubail Industrial City, also known as Jubail ,

2812-638: The central government. In contrast, the Capital City Authority is an agency directly accountable to the central government. It operates at the ministerial level and its Head is a cabinet-level official. Unlike governors, mayors, and regents, who are popularly elected in regional elections, the Head and Deputy Head of the Authority are appointed by the President . From March 2022 to June 2024,

2888-647: The city can carry out its function as a capital well. Nusantara was scheduled to be inaugurated as the capital city on 17 August 2024, coinciding with Indonesian Independence Day . However, the move did not take place. On that day Jokowi held his first independence day celebration as President in the city. He initially said that 8,000 people were invited to the ceremony, but the number was later reduced to 1,300 due to concerns over unfinished facilities. The following week, Basuki Hadimuljono announced that President Joko Widodo's office may be moving there in September after

2964-658: The city was still under construction as late as 2012. As of 2009, the population was 925,000, which makes it Myanmar's third largest city, after Yangon and Mandalay . Many ancient cities in China , especially those on the North China Plain , were carefully designed according to the fengshui theory, featuring square or rectangular city walls, rectilinear road grid, and symmetrical layout. Famous examples are Chang'an in Tang dynasty and Beijing. An exception to that

3040-505: The city’s role as the seat of government. Nusantara is located on the east coast of Borneo , the world's third largest island . The city shares a land border with the province of East Kalimantan and has a coastal line that stretches eastward to the Makassar Strait and southward to Balikpapan Bay . Nusantara also has four islands (Benawa Besar, Batupayau, Jawang, and Sabut) located to the north of Balikpapan Bay. The city boasts

3116-469: The completion of IKN airport. Meanwhile, President Widodo has said that he does not want to rush the planned transfer of civil servants to IKN in September if they are not ready. President Prabowo Subianto has confirmed his administration's commitment to continue the development of Nusantara as Indonesia's new capital. Prabowo Subianto envisions Nusantara, the capital city in East Kalimantan, as

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3192-403: The cost, the remainder coming mainly from public-private partnerships and direct investment by both state-owned enterprises and the private sector. At the same time, US$ 40 billion will be allocated to saving Jakarta from sinking in the next decade, which has also been widely reported as the fundamental underlying cause for the relocation of the capital. In early September 2021,

3268-470: The former homeland capital of Bisho . The terrains of Hong Kong are mostly mountainous and many places in the New Territories have limited access to roads. Hong Kong started developing new towns in the 1950s, to accommodate rapidly growing populations. In the early days the term "satellite towns" was used. The very first new towns included Tsuen Wan and Kwun Tong . Wah Fu Estate was built in

3344-595: The impact of Nusantara on the wildlife. In March 2022, the Ministry again organized a design contest for four structures, namely the vice-presidential palace, the legislatures' office complex, the judiciary's office complex, and a complex set for public worship next to Lake Pancasila. Following the inauguration of Bambang Susantono as Head of the Authority, provinces across the country sent symbolic quantities of soil and water from historically or culturally significant sites in their respective provinces to be part of

3420-719: The island of Borneo . Nusantara is planned to be a special capital region at the provincial level, replacing Jakarta . Construction began in July 2022, starting with land clearing and the construction of access roads. The initial phase, known as the 'Government Central Area zone', will comprise government offices, schools, and hospitals. The project is estimated to be worth Rp  523 trillion ( US$ 35 billion) and will be finished in 5 phases. Phase 1 started in August 2022. Around 150,000 to 200,000 workers from around Indonesia participated in this project with an additional workforce around

3496-556: The line and conversion to a guided bus route (similar to the Yutorito Line ). By October 2005, accumulated losses amounted to ¥600 million. In November 2005, the plan to convert the line to a guided busway was rejected by Aichi Prefecture as it was too difficult and risky. The decision to close the line was made in December, and the line ceased operating on September 30, 2006. It was completely dismantled in 2023. The Peachliner

3572-417: The line only averaged 2,670 passengers per day, amounting to only 6% of the original estimate and 22% of the opening-day projection. The maintenance of the line required some 11.5 billion yen per year, a tenth of Tokadai New Town's budget and, compared to construction costs of 31.3 billion yen, the equivalent of rebuilding the line from scratch every three years. According to calculations by the local chapter of

3648-553: The new capital and answering to the President. The new agency was granted ministry-like qualities in that the office holder would be appointed by the President, but with special governing capabilities akin to a provincial governor. It will also regulate how the Capital Authority will manage its funding, taxation, retribution, and assets. Because the plan was submitted in the middle of Jokowi's second term as president,

3724-472: The new capital with neighboring cities such as Samarinda and Balikpapan, forming part of the broader Trans Kalimantan Railway network that will connect the entire Indonesian side of Borneo Island with rail service. A planned toll road spanning 47 km (29 mi) will be built to connect the government central area with the Nusantara Airport and Balikpapan. Nusantara will also be served by

3800-607: The new capital. Central Kalimantan brought pieces of soil from a hill where Tjilik Riwut , a national hero from the province and respected Dayak figure, was said to be meditating. East Kalimantan brought water and soil from Kutai Lama, where the historical Kutai Kartanegara kingdom was found. North Maluku brought a combination of soil and water from four main historical sultanates in Maluku, otherwise known as Maluku Kie Raha, which are Jailolo, Ternate, Tidore, and Bacan. East Nusa Tenggara province brought soil from seven regencies in

3876-452: The new presidential palace in Nusantara, where he planned to spend the final months of his presidency. On 12 August 2024, the first cabinet meeting session was held in Nusantara, marking the beginning of transition of political power from Jakarta to Nusantara. On 3 June 2024 it was announced that Bambang Susantono , head of the Nusantara Capital City Authority , along with his deputy, Dhony Rahajoe, had resigned. Yusuf Wibisono, Director of

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3952-432: The new urban fringe). Other New Towns act as industrial/academic agglomerations ( sangyo-shuseki ) ( Tsukuba Science City , Kashima Port Town). These areas attempt to create an all-inclusive environment for daily living, in accordance with Uzō Nishiyama 's "life-spheres" principle. Japan has also developed the concept of new towns to what Manuel Castells and Sir Peter Hall call technopolis . The technopolis program of

4028-686: The original Burnham Plan for Manila), the Diliman Estate (includes the University of the Philippines ), New Manila, the Cubao Commercial District, South Triangle, Housing Projects 1 (Roxas District), 2 and 3 (Quirino District), 4, 5 (Kamias-Kamuning District), 6, 7, and 8. President Elpidio Quirino proclaimed Quezon City as the national capital on 17 July 1948, with President Ferdinand Marcos restoring Manila as

4104-539: The period of rapid economic growth in the 1960s, but construction continued into the 1980s. Most of them are located near Tokyo and the big cities in Kansai region. Some towns, ( Senri New Town , Tama New Town ) do not provide much employment, and many of the residents commute to the nearby cities. These towns fostered the infamous congestion of commuter trains (although as the metropolitan areas have grown, this commute has become relatively short in comparison to commutes from

4180-712: The period of the Persian Safavid Empire, Isfahan , the Persian capital, was built according to a planned scheme, consisting of a long boulevard and planned housing and green areas around it. In modern-day Iran more than 20 planned cities have been developed or are under construction, mostly around Iran's main metropolitan areas such as Tehran , Isfahan , Shiraz and Tabriz . Some of these new cities are built for special purposes such as: 576,000 people were planned to be settled in Iran's new towns by 2005. For

4256-643: The political capital of Indonesia. In addition to building executive offices, buildings that will represent the other two branches of the Trias Politica—legislative and judicial—must also be completed. Prabowo emphasized this in his address at the final session of the Red White Cabinet Retreat in Magelang on 27 October 2024. Prabowo expressed hope that Nusantara could host the 2028 People's Consultative Assembly session, symbolizing

4332-538: The presidency. Based on the results of the KedaiKOPI Survey Institute survey in August 2019, 95.7% of respondents from Jakarta expressed their rejection of the plan to move the capital city to East Kalimantan. On 17 January 2022, during a Special Committee Meeting, Minister of National Development Planning Suharso Monoarfa said the new nation's capital would be named Nusantara. It was hoped that development of Nusantara would learn lessons from

4408-515: The project funding from state funds, with the balance coming from domestic and foreign investors. At a conference in Singapore in June 2023, Jokowi tried to reassure investors that the project would continue irrespective of who would win the 2024 Indonesian presidential election , and that Nusantara was a "golden opportunity" for investment. By August 2023, the government had only allocated 20% of

4484-562: The province, while Bengkulu brought soil from the location where Sukarno was exiled. South Kalimantan brought water and soil from former residences of respected ulemas in the province, Zainal Ilmi and Syekh Muhammad Al-Banjari. Southeast Sulawesi presented soil and water from the site of the historical Sultanate of Buton in Baubau . East Java also presented soil from sites of the former Majapahit Empire. Initially, in July 2022, 100,000 workers from across Indonesia were deployed to

4560-588: The provision of schools, hospitals, parks, sports complexes, and so on. Singapore's expertise in successful new town design was internationally recognised when the Building and Social Housing Foundation (BSHF) of the United Nations awarded the World Habitat Award to Tampines New Town, which was selected as a representative of Singapore's new towns, on 5 October 1992. Since 2007 Sejong

4636-490: The ridership estimate was cut to 23,000 ppd. Construction started in 1981 based on this estimate. In 1984, the town's design was again downsized to 40,000 people and the ridership to 20,000 ppd. A decision was also made to operate the line manually instead of in fully automated mode. The line was opened on March 25, 1991, charging ¥300 for an end-to-end trip, but by this time the ridership projection had been cut to just 12,000 passengers per day. However, between 1991 and 2004

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4712-936: The ruins of earlier Native American villages. A model city is a type of planned city designed to a high standard and intended as a model for others to imitate. The term was first used in 1854. A planned capital is a city specially planned, designed and built to be a capital. Several of the world's national capitals are planned capitals, including Canberra in Australia, Brasília in Brazil, Belmopan in Belize, New Delhi in India, Abuja in Nigeria, Islamabad in Pakistan, Naypyidaw in Myanmar (Burma), Washington, D.C. in

4788-687: The second- and third-placed teams, as well as international designers, to sharpen the final design process up to 2020. Designers from at least three countries, namely China, Japan, and the United States, had offered to be involved in the design. The name, which had been suggested about three months earlier, is aligned with the winner's main concept. The city is designed for sustainability and protecting its surrounding Kalimantan forests, targeting 80% of mobility to be supported by public transport, cycling, or walking and drawing all of its energy from renewable sources and allocating 10% of its area to food production. Although, critics have voiced many concerns about

4864-400: The three provinces of South, Central, and East Kalimantan which Jokowi visited, given that each met the requirements for a new capital—including being relatively free from earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanoes, as well as allowing for a maritime port. On 23 August 2019, Jokowi formally ratified the plan, as part of a strategy to reduce developmental inequality between Java and other islands in

4940-537: The total funds needed, and investors were reluctant to make up the shortfall because of political uncertainty and Indonesia's record of underinvestment in infrastructure. In November 2023, Jokowi admitted that not a single foreign investor had put money into Nusantara. Deputy for Funding and Investment at the IKN Authority, Agung Wicaksono, said that there were a number of foreign investors who were partners with domestic investors. These included Swissotel , which

5016-527: The vast majority of the approximately 11,000 public housing buildings are organised into 22 new towns across the country. Each new town is designed to be completely self-sustainable. Helmed by a hierarchy of commercial developments, ranging from a town centre to precinct-level outlets, there is no need to venture out of town to meet the most common needs of residences. Employment can be found in industrial estates located within several towns. Educational, health care, and recreational needs are also taken care of with

5092-677: The world. Gwanggyo newtown is located 25 km south away from Seoul in Suwon city and Youngin city, Gyeonggi province. Gwanggyo newtown area 11 square kilometers was designated in 2004 by Gyeonggi Province, Suwon city, Youngin city, and Gyeonggi Development Corporation (GICO). It will accommodate more than 31,000 households. Gwanggyo newtown was not only for the housing supply but also for several regional goals such as provincial office movement, convention center building, and creating economic growth core in Gyeonggi provincial area. Its infrastructure

5168-440: Was appointed as the Republic of Indonesia Special Presidential Envoy for the International Cooperation on Nusantara. The Capital City Authority announced that Nusantara would have special form of local governance and the administrative division of Nusantara would be different from other regions in Indonesia. To achieve the goal of having 80% of transport supported by non-private means, a comprehensive public transportation network

5244-399: Was built from 1868, following an American grid plan , and is today the fifth-largest city in Japan. Both these cities have regular addressing systems (following the grid) unlike the usual subdivision-based Japanese addressing system . Borrowing from the New Town movement in the United Kingdom, some 30 new towns have been built all over Japan. Most of these constructions were initiated during

5320-410: Was carefully planned from its inception and is typically constructed on previously undeveloped land. This contrasts with settlements that evolve organically. The term new town refers to planned communities of the new towns movement in particular, mainly in the United Kingdom . It was also common in the European colonization of the Americas to build according to a plan either on fresh ground or on

5396-402: Was designated as a new industrial city by the Saudi government . It provides 50% of the country's drinking water through desalination of the water from the Persian Gulf . The new town planning concept was introduced into Singapore with the building of the first New Town, Queenstown , from July 1952 to 1973 by the country's public housing authority, the Housing and Development Board . Today,

5472-546: Was designed and planned by Israeli architect Moshe Safdie . Many Israeli settlements follow this model, including towns like Modi'in Illit and Betar Illit . The city of Kyoto was developed as a planned city in 794 as a new imperial capital (then called Heian-kyō ), built on a grid layout and remained the capital for over a millennium. The grid layout remains, reflected in major east–west streets being numbered, such as 4th street ( 四条 , shi-jō ) . In modern times, Sapporo

5548-529: Was intended to be self-reliant, but was not successful at the beginning and maintained as a dormitory town up until the recent decades like the other new towns. More recent developments are Tin Shui Wai and North Lantau . The government also plans to build such towns in Hung Shui Kiu , Ping Che - Ta Kwu Ling , Fanling North and Kwu Tung North. At present, there are a total of nine new towns: In

5624-469: Was operated by Tōkadai Shin-kōtsū . [1] Stock in this third-sector company was held by Aichi Prefecture (46%), the city of Komaki (10%), Nagoya Railroad (10%), and others. Komaki and Komakihara Stations remain in service on the Nagoya Railroad (Meitetsu) Komaki Line . New town A planned community , planned city , planned town , or planned settlement is any community that

5700-550: Was planned as the new capital, but it is becoming the de facto administrative capital instead, with many national government agencies and research institutes moving there between 2013 and present. It has a planned population of 0.8 million, which is the largest of all the newtown development plans. The head of the domestic-administration, the Prime Minister of South Korea also resides in Sejong, along with more than 65% of

5776-633: Was scheduled to be constructed by 2012. Since the 1990s, several planned communities were built in the Seoul Metropolitan Area to alleviate housing demands in Seoul . They include: After losing the Chinese Civil War , the central government of China and its government forces retreated to the former Qing province and later Japanese colony of the island of Taiwan, which was still a Japanese territory under Allied occupation. As

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