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36-606: Inaugurated by Tajikistan's President Emomali Rahmon , Afghanistan's Vice-President Nematullah Shahrani and Imam Aga Khan in July, 2004, the bridge was built at a cost of USD $ 500,000 by the Aga Khan Development Network (AKDN) with collaborative support from the governments of the United States and Norway . It was the second in a series of bridges being built between Tajikistan and Afghanistan by

72-421: A cult of personality . Political opponents are repressed, violations of human rights and freedoms are severe, elections are not free and fair, and corruption and nepotism are rampant. Various important government positions are occupied by his family members, such as his 36-year-old son Rustam Emomali , who is the chairman of the country's parliament and the mayor of its capital city, Dushanbe . Rahmon

108-555: A completely different culture. You have to take that into account". During a 2010 Organisation of Islamic Cooperation session in Dushanbe , Rahmon spoke against what he called the misuse of Islam for political ends, claiming that "Terrorism, terrorists, have no nation, no country, no religion... Using the name 'Islamic terrorism' only discredits Islam and dishonors the pure and harmless religion of Islam." Membership in Hizb ut-Tahrir ,

144-560: A militant Islamic party that aims to overthrow secular governments and unify Muslims under one Islamic state, is illegal and members are subject to arrest and imprisonment. The Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan (IRP) is a banned Islamist political party and has been designated a terrorist organization since 2015. In 2017 the government of Tajikistan passed a law requiring people to "stick to traditional national clothes and culture", which has been widely seen as an attempt to prevent women from wearing Islamic clothing, in particular

180-408: A quarter of a century, showing what critics say was an increased disregard for religious freedoms, civil society, and political pluralism in recent years. The reduction in minimum age to run for president allows Rahmon's son to run, because he would be 33 at the end of his father's current term. The religious party restriction most notably impacts the main opposition Islamic Renaissance Party , which

216-703: A relentless campaign against public displays of Islamic devotion. His suppression of Islamic expression includes banning beards, attendance at mosque for women and children under 18, hajj for people under 40, studying in Islamic schools outside Tajikistan , the production, import or export of Islamic books without permission, implemented in 2017, using loudspeakers to broadcast the adhan , veils , madrassas , Islamist political parties and Arabic -sounding names, implemented in 2016. Furthermore, mosques are heavily regulated, providing unofficial Islamic teaching can lead to up to 12 years of imprisonment, and an arduous process

252-655: Is a Tajik politician who has served as the President of Tajikistan since 1994, having previously led the country as Chairman of the Supreme Assembly from 1992 to 1994 (the post of president was temporarily abolished during this period). Since 18 March 1998, he has also served as the leader of the People's Democratic Party of Tajikistan , which dominates the Parliament of Tajikistan . On 30 September 1999, he

288-553: Is a neopatrimonial regime, characterized by a high degree of clientelism , corruption , and poor governance. In a diplomatic cable that was leaked in 2010, the U.S. ambassador in Tajikistan, reported that Rahmon and his family control the country's major businesses, including the largest bank. In November 2018, Rahmon launched a hydroelectric station to solve energy problems. During his presidency Tajikistan in 2011 cedes about 1,000 or 1,122 sq km or about 0,8% of its land to

324-469: Is required to obtain a permit to establish an Islamic organisation, publish an Islamic book, or go on pilgrimage to Mecca. In January 2016, Rahmon performed an Umrah with a number of his children and senior members of his government. That was Rahmon's fourth pilgrimage to Mecca. His reply to critics of the election standards of the 2006 Tajikistani presidential elections was: "In Tajikistan, more than 99 percent of those residing here are Muslim. We have

360-598: The China as part of a deal of the 1999, which essentially constitutes the Treason by the regime. By the year 2024 the Salafi movement , which essentially are terrorists is widespread in the republic, in all corners of it, including the law enforcers, etc. governmental agencies, despite the organization being officially banned in the republic by the regimes's court since year 2009. Most open movement members can be seen on

396-614: The Google Maps , and are supressed in the media, ignored by the regime. Since time the republic was declared independent from the Soviet Union , civil war and the Rahmonov presidency there is increasing trend of leaving the Tajikistan by its citizens primarily to Russia , since very tough living conditions made by the regime, the family of the president. The migrations in general have three phases: Tajikistan under Rahmon

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432-643: The civil unrest . That same month, the Supreme Soviet met in Khujand for its 16th session and declared Tajikistan a parliamentary republic. Rahmon was then elected by the members of the Supreme Soviet as its chairman—as the Parliamentary republican system adopted by Tajikistan did not provide for a ceremonial president, he was also Head of State—and the head of government. Former Interior Minister Yaqub Salimov later recalled that Rahmon's appointment

468-827: The AKDN along the Panj River. (The Amu Darya begins at the junction of the Panj and Vakhsh rivers.) The 135-metre long suspension bridge has a single-track 3.5 meters wide and a carrying capacity of 25 metric tonnes. It carries both commercial and passenger traffic and represents a permanent overland link between the two countries. The first bridge crossing the Tajik-Afghan border was opened in November 2002, connecting Tem in Tajikistan and Demogan in Afghanistan. It too

504-705: The Danghara Sovkhoz , Rahmon was appointed chairman of the sovkhoz in 1987. In 1990, Rahmon was elected a people's deputy to the Supreme Soviet of the Tajik SSR . President Rahmon Nabiyev was forced to resign in the first months of the Civil War in August 1992. Akbarsho Iskandrov , Speaker of the Supreme Soviet, became acting president. Iskandarov resigned in November 1992 in an attempt to end

540-502: The Nation", in full — "Founder of peace and national Unity — Leader of the Nation". Following the results of the last national constitutional referendum in 2016 , amendments were adopted that lifted the restrictions on the number of re-elections to the post of President of Tajikistan and lowered the age limit for those running for the post of president from 35 to 30 years. Rahmon heads an authoritarian regime in Tajikistan with elements of

576-587: The latter builds building for the Government , Parliament . In July 2021, over 1,000 Afghan troops and civilians fled to Tajikistan after the Taliban insurgents took control of many parts of Afghanistan . In response, Rahmon ordered 20,000 reserve servicemen of the country's Ground Forces to be sent to the Afghan–Tajik border . In December 2015, a law passed by the Tajikistan's parliament gave Rahmon

612-404: The law also gave him a number of other lifelong privileges, including veto powers over all major state decisions, the freedom to address the nation and parliament on all matters he deems important, and the privilege of attending all government meetings and parliament sessions. Rahmon is a Sunni Muslim and has frequently stressed his Muslim background even though his administration is engaged in

648-575: The move, scores of governments officials, members of parliament, and civil servants around the country removed Russian-style patronymics and "-ov" endings from their surnames. In April 2016, Tajikistan officially banned giving Russian-style patronymics and surnames to newborn children. Honorary Doctorate of Leadership by the Limkokwing University of Creative Technology (LUCT) 2016 Tajik constitutional referendum [REDACTED] CIS Member State A constitutional referendum

684-410: The other. Five times (in the elections of 1994 , 1999 , 2006 , 2013 and 2020 ), Rahmon won undemocratic presidential elections; in addition, he extended and reformed his powers based on the results of the national constitutional referendums of 1999 and 2003 . Since 25 December 2015, Emomali Rahmon has held the lifetime title of Peshvoyi Millat ( Tajik : Пешвои Миллат ), which means "Leader of

720-413: The removal of the outlawed Islamic Revival Party from Tajikistan's politics, and reduced the minimum eligibility age for presidential candidates from 35 to 30, enabling Rahmon's older son, Rustam Emomali , to run for president any time after 2017. In January 2017, Rustam Emomali was appointed Mayor of Dushanbe, a key position, which some analysts see as the next step to the top of the government. Since

756-539: The son of the Rakhmonov Rustam Emomali was appointed as the new mayor of the city of Dushanbe - the capital, historical buildings was demolished, the city essentially was demolished. Homes of the city residents was forcefully taken by builder companies connected to the family of the Rakhmonov. New high rising buildings was build and continues to build, which can be seen in the satellite images of

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792-424: The streets of the cities wearing their Hijabs , which was not known to the republic earlier. Polygamy became norm as well in the republic during the regime as dominating religion - Sunni Islam and the Salafi movement do not forbid it, however, it is not official, legal. Most recent, during 2023-2024 development of his "presidency", in addition to the large infrastructure projects made by Government of China ,

828-492: The style of headscarf wrapped under the chin, in contrast to the traditional Tajik headscarf tied behind the head. He is married to Azizmo Asadullayeva and has nine children. Two of his children, Rustam Emomali and Ozoda Rahmon , are senior officials in his administration, while another, Zarina Rahmon, was appointed deputy head of Orienbank in January 2017. Rustam is widely believed to be his father's successor. In

864-583: The summer of 2021, coronavirus ravaged the country , and Emomali Rahmon's sister reportedly died in a hospital of COVID-19 on 20 July. According to local media, her sons physically assaulted the national health minister and a senior doctor. In March 2007, Rahmonov changed his surname to Rahmon , getting rid of the Russian-style "-ov" ending . He also removed the patronymic, Sharipovich , from his name altogether. Rahmon explained that he had done so out of respect for his cultural heritage. Following

900-570: The title "Founder Of Peace and National Unity, Leader of the Nation", in Tajik : Асосгузори сулҳу ваҳдати миллӣ – Пешвои миллат, Asosguzori sulhu vahdati millî – Peshvo'i millat ; in Russian : Основатель мира и национального единства – Лидер нации, Osnovatel mira i natsionalnogo yedinstva – Lider natsii ). A shorter version of the title, "Leader of the Nation," is used frequently. In addition to granting Rahmon lifelong immunity from prosecution,

936-515: The war. He survived an assassination attempt on 30 April 1997 in Khujand, as well as two attempted coups in August 1997 and in November 1998. Following constitutional changes, he was re-elected on 6 November 1999 to a seven-year term, officially taking 97% of the vote. On 22 June 2003, he won a referendum that would allow him to run for two more consecutive seven-year terms after his term expired in 2006. The opposition alleges that this amendment

972-521: Was born as Emomali Sharipovich Rakhmonov to Sharif Rahmonov ( c.  1912 –1992) and Mayram Sharifova (1910–2004), a peasant family in Danghara , Kulob Oblast (present-day Khatlon Region ). His father was a Red Army veteran of World War II , being a recipient of the Order of Glory in the 2nd and 3rd degrees. From 1971–74, Rahmon served in the Soviet Union 's Pacific Fleet , during which he

1008-831: Was constructed with assistance from the Aga Khan Foundation. An additional bridge , connecting Tajikistan and Afghanistan, spanning the Panj river, at Panji Poyon ( Nizhni Pyanj ), was opened on 26 August 2007. There are plans to span the border with an additional bridge, spanning the Panj river, in Gorno Badakhshan 's Khumroghi area near Vanj . 38°27′12″N 70°49′38″E  /  38.453326°N 70.827210°E  / 38.453326; 70.827210 Emomali Rahmon President of Tajikistan Government parliamentary election Family Emomali Rahmon ( Tajik : Эмомали Раҳмон ; born Emomali Sharipovich Rahmonov , born 5 October 1952)

1044-606: Was elected vice-president of the UN General Assembly for a one-year term. He became widely known in 1992 after the abolition of the post of president in the country, when at the dawn of the civil war (1992–1997) he became Chairman of the Supreme Soviet (Parliament) of Tajikistan as a compromise candidate between communists and neo-communists on the one hand and liberal-democratic, nationalist and Islamist forces (the United Tajik Opposition ) on

1080-539: Was held in Tajikistan on 22 May 2016. A total of 41 constitutional amendments were proposed. The changes included: According to official figures, the changes were approved by 96.6% of voters. Voter turnout was claimed to be 92%. On a practical level, incumbent President Emomali Rahmon would be allowed to run for re-election indefinitely under the changes. Rahmon has been the President of Tajikistan for close to

1116-542: Was held in full compliance with the laws". Observers from the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe and its subsidiary ODIHR were denied entry and permission to observe the referendum. Over 3,200 polling stations were placed in the country, with additional posts available in several major Russian cities for Tajik expatriates . Voters were presented with the question: "Do you approve amendments to

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1152-476: Was hidden in a way that verged upon electoral fraud . Rahmon was re-elected to a seven-year term in a controversial election on 6 November 2006, with about 79% of the vote, according to the official results. On 6 November 2013, he was re-elected for the second seven-year term in office, with about 84% of the vote, in an election that the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe said lacked "genuine choice and meaningful pluralism". In October 2020, he

1188-432: Was made because he was "nondescript", in which other field commanders thought that he could be cast aside "when he had served his purpose." In 1994, a new constitution re-established the presidency. Rahmon was elected to the post on 6 November 1994 and sworn in ten days later. During the civil war that lasted from 1992 to 1997, Rahmon's rule was opposed by the United Tajik Opposition . As many as 100,000 people died during

1224-439: Was once again re-elected as president for a fifth term with a margin of 90.92%, amid allegations of the fraud. On 22 May 2016, a nationwide referendum approved a number of changes to the country's constitution . One of the main changes lifted the limit on presidential terms, effectively allowing Rahmon to stay in power for as many terms as he wishes. Other key changes outlawed faith-based political parties, thus finalizing

1260-580: Was outlawed in 2015. Some analysts claim that the changes violate the terms of the peace deal that ended the Tajikistani Civil War . According to Reporters Without Borders , the Tajik government had been "blocking", "intimidating" and "threatening" independent media in the buildup to the referendum. According to Sergey Sirotkin , who headed the Russian observing mission, "[t]he referendum

1296-610: Was stationed in the Primorsky Krai . After completing military service, Rahmon returned to his native village where he worked for some time as an electrician. As a rising apparatchik in Tajikistan, he became a chairman of the collective state farm of his native Danghara . According to his official biography, Rahmon graduated from the Tajik State National University with a specialist's degree in economics in 1982. After working for several years in

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