The abbreviation S.A. or SA designates a type of limited company in certain countries, most of which have a Romance language as their official language and operates a derivative of the 1804, Napoleonic, civil law . Originally, shareholders could be anonymous and collect dividends by surrendering coupons attached to their share certificates . Dividends were paid to whomever held the certificate. Since share certificates could be transferred privately, corporate management would not necessarily know who owned its shares – nor did anyone but the holders.
35-592: Towarzystwo Sportowe Wisła Kraków Spółka Akcyjna , commonly referred to as Wisła Kraków ( Polish pronunciation: [ˈviswa ˈkrakuf] ), is a Polish professional football club based in Kraków . They currently compete in the I liga , the second level of Polish football league system , following relegation from the 2021–22 Ekstraklasa season. It ranks fourth in the number of national titles won (13), behind Górnik Zabrze , Ruch Chorzów (both on 14), and Legia Warsaw (15), and second in all-time victories. Wisła
70-529: A chance to return to Eredivisie since relegation in 2002, Fortuna was unsuccessful in both first-round matches against De Graafschap . The club again faced financial troubles in 2016, leading to its takeover by Turkish investor Işıtan Gün , who previously served as the chief operating officer of Galatasaray . The 2016–17 season was a tough start for the club, but it managed to avoid relegation after changing coaches and recruiting new players, including some from Galatasaray. In December 2016, Sunday Oliseh
105-430: A fortress for Wisła, where the team is especially difficult to defeat. Wisła holds the all-time Polish football record for consecutive league home games without a loss. The streak began following a loss on 16 September 2001 to KSZO Ostrowiec Świętokrzyski , and ended more than five years later on 11 November 2006, when GKS Bełchatów defeated Wisła 4–2. The number of matches without a loss was then settled at 73, overcoming
140-479: A women's football department. The club started playing in the women's Eredivisie in the 2022–23 season . In its first season, the club finished third out of 11 teams. In the 2023–24 season , Fortuna finished in fourth place out of 12 teams, and forward Tessa Wullaert was the top goal scorer and Player of the Year . However, prior to the 2024–25 season, the club announced it had not generated sufficient revenue from
175-596: Is a list of Fortuna Sittard players who have competed in international tournaments, including the Africa Cup of Nations . To this date no Fortuna Sittard players have participated in the FIFA World Cup , UEFA European Championship , CONCACAF Gold Cup , AFC Asian Cup , Copa América or the OFC Nations Cup while playing for Fortuna Sittard. In January 2022, Fortuna announced it was beginning
210-506: Is commonly recognized as one of the greatest rivalries in Polish club football. Historically the two sides have been the most successful clubs in Poland, both in the top two in the all-time table. The rivalry between two of Poland's premier cities of Kraków and Warsaw sparks the rivalry even more. The regional differences of Kraków (south) and Warsaw (north), and the fact that Kraków used to be
245-452: Is equivalent in literal meaning and function to: It is equivalent in function to: Fortuna Sittard Fortuna Sittard ( Dutch pronunciation: [fɔrˈtynaː ˈsɪtɑrt] ; Limburgish : Fortuna Zitterd [fɔʀˈtyːnaː ˈzɪtəʀt] ) is a professional football club from the municipality of Sittard-Geleen , Netherlands. The club currently plays its football in the 12,500 capacity Fortuna Sittard Stadion and features in
280-773: Is listed in bold represented their countries while playing for Wisła. Caretaker managers listed in italics. Wisła Kraków also has an esports division, with teams in Counter-Strike: Global Offensive and FIFA 20 . The women's basketball section are one of the most successful clubs in the country, winning 25 national championships , 12 vice-championships, 13 Polish Cups and continental runners-up in 1970. Sp%C3%B3%C5%82ka Akcyjna As with bearer bonds , anonymous unregistered share ownership and dividend collection enabled money laundering , tax evasion , and concealed business transactions in general, so governments passed laws to audit
315-667: The 1978–79 season , when Wisła was able to reach the quarter-finals of the European Cup , eventually to be knocked out by Malmö FF 3–5 on aggregate. Most recently, Wisła narrowly missed out on a chance to compete in the 2005–06 UEFA Champions League group stage , being defeated 4–5 by Panathinaikos after extra time. Wisła also twice reached the second round of the European Cup Winners' Cup in 1967–68 and 1984–85, falling 0–5 and 2–3 by Hamburger SV and Fortuna Sittard , respectively. The White Star has competed in
350-523: The 2019–20 season . However, because the season was suspended and declared void due to the COVID-19 pandemic , the club remained in the Eredivisie for the 2020–21 season . After that reprieve, the club finished in 11th place that season. The following year , Fortuna Sittard finished 15th, just one point clear of the relegation playoff. Since then, the club's results have placed it more comfortably in
385-675: The Eredivisie . The club was established through a merger of former clubs Fortuna 54 and Sittardia, which merged as the Fortuna Sittardia Combinatie on 1 July 1968. The club experienced mixed fortunes throughout its history, although it was a regular fixture in the Eredivisie in the 1990s, with players such as Kevin Hofland , Mark van Bommel and Fernando Ricksen emerging from its youth system. These players later joined PSV Eindhoven and Rangers and played for
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#1732798684369420-635: The Netherlands national team . The team also signed Wilfred Bouma and Patrick Paauwe from the youth setup of PSV. Both players developed under manager Bert van Marwijk before joining the Dutch national side and moving to bigger clubs. Fortuna 54 won the KNVB Cup in the 1956–57 season and finished the Eredivisie season in second place behind champions Ajax . Sittardia were less successful and battled against relegation for many seasons. Fortuna 54 won
455-459: The UEFA Cup ten times. On 15 May 2022, Wisła was relegated to the I liga for the first time since 1996, after losing 4–2 against Radomiak Radom . On 2 May 2024, they won their fifth Polish Cup title after defeating Pogoń Szczecin 1–2 in extra time, becoming the fifth second division team to win this competition, and the first since Ruch Chorzów in 1996. The White Star itself finished
490-639: The 2023–24 season ranked 10th in the second tier . Henryk Reyman Stadium is located at 22 Reymonta Street in Kraków. The stadium was originally built in 1953 and currently has a capacity of 33,326. The stadium was renovated in 2010, being upgraded to UEFA elite standards. The Wisła Stadium was also chosen as a reserve venue for the UEFA Euro 2012 tournament, jointly held in Poland and Ukraine. The record attendance of 45,000 at Wisła Stadium came on 29 September 1976 when Wisła defeated Celtic 2–0. The venue has been
525-529: The Dutch lottery and donated all of the prize money to the club. The club cleared most of its debts by selling off its new stadium, the Wagner & Partners stadium. On 19 May 2009, the KNVB announced it would withdraw the club's license to play for the 2010–11 season. After going to civil court , this decision was revoked. Despite ongoing financial difficulties, the club gradually began to recover financially in
560-589: The KNVB Cup again in 1964 before the merging of the two clubs in 1968, due to financial difficulties. At the end of the 1999–2000 season , manager Bert van Marwijk left to join Feyenoord , and the team was relegated to the Eerste Divisie in the 2001–02 season. Financial irregularities were discovered, and the team faced bankruptcy over several seasons. In the winter of 2003, two of the club's fans won
595-463: The capital of Poland before Warsaw (in the years 1038–1079 and 1138–1596) and the full official name of Kraków is Stołeczne Królewskie Miasto Kraków, or "Royal Capital City of Kraków" in English, also add a greater meaning to the match. The other Kraków derby is contested against Hutnik , historically the third team in Kraków representing Nowa Huta . Owing to Hutnik's lack of recent sporting success,
630-474: The derby match against Wisła as the "Holy War". The phrase was incorporated into a song and has since been popular amongst both Wisła and Cracovia fans. The first recorded Kraków Derby was contested on 20 September 1908, a 1–1 draw. A historic derby match between Cracovia and Wisła occurred on 8 May 1913. It was the first time Polish teams played a championship game officially sanctioned by FIFA ; Cracovia won 2–1. The most famous derby took place in 1948 when after
665-586: The fight for the championship was decided between two teams: Wisła Kraków and 1. FC Kattowitz . This rivalry was treated very seriously, not only by the two sides involved, but also by the whole nation. 1. FC was regarded as the team supported by the German minority, while Wisła, at the end of this historic season, represented ambitions of all Poles. Some time in the fall of 1927 in Katowice , an ill-fated game between 1.FC and Wisła took place. Stakes were very high –
700-524: The first post- war season, both Cracovia and Wisła accumulated an even number of points and the championship had to be decided by an additional game played at a neutral venue. On 5 December 1948, Cracovia defeated Wisła 3–1 and was crowned national champions. As of May 2011, the Kraków derby game between Wisła and Cracovia has been contested 183 times, with Wisła winning 82 times, tying 42 times and Cracovia winning 59 times. The match contested between Wisła Kraków and Legia Warsaw , dubbed "The Derby of Poland",
735-593: The first-ever edition in 1926, and are the current cup holders. Wisła also enjoyed some success in European competitions in the 1970s, reaching the quarter-finals in the 1978–79 European Cup . Wisła Kraków was founded in 1906 when students of the Second Practical School in Kraków, inspired by their professor Tadeusz Łopuszański, formed a football club. In this first, historic season of the League,
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#1732798684369770-554: The following years, leading to improved results. In the 2011–12 season , Fortuna Sittard narrowly missed out on qualifying for the playoffs for promotion to Eredivisie, conceding an equaliser in the final seconds of the season in a home match against the Go Ahead Eagles , resulting in the Eagles taking the final playoff spot instead. Although the club qualified for the playoffs in the 2012–13 and 2013–14 seasons, offering them
805-778: The former Polish record of 48 which belonged to Legia Warsaw . During the 2008–09 season, Wisła lost points at home only twice, drawing with ŁKS Łódź and being defeated by Lech Poznań . Wisła fans formerly had long friendships relations with Lechia Gdańsk and Śląsk Wrocław , known as the "Three Kings of Great Cities" alliance until 2016, when their alliance fell apart. They formed a new group with Ruch Chorzów and Widzew Łódź (and by extension Elana Toruń , Slovan Bratislava and KKS Kalisz ), which divided Wisła fans. The fans have an amicable relationship with Polonia Przemyśl . Although Garbarnia Kraków , Puszcza Niepołomice and Kmita Zabierzów have no organised fan movements they are known to have local Wisła fans attend their games. Kmita
840-478: The intense rivalry between the two Kraków-based teams; Wisła and KS Cracovia . In 1906, the establishment of the two first Polish football clubs, Cracovia and Wisła, created a rivalry that now dates back more than 100 years. The term "Holy War" was first used to describe the rivalry of Kraków's Jewish teams, Makkabi and Jutrzenka . A Jutrzenka defender, Ludwik Gintel , who later joined the Cracovia side referred to
875-839: The mid-table. Fortuna Sittard finished in 13th place in the 2022–23 season and 10th place in the 2023–24 season . Below is a table with Fortuna Sittard's domestic results since the introduction of professional football in 1956. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules . Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules . Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. The following players were called up to represent their national teams in international football and received caps during their tenure with Fortuna Sittard: Member associations are listed in order of most to least amount of current and former Fortuna Sittard players represented Internationally The following
910-548: The organisation over an extended period," according to a statement on the club's website announcing his release. Oliseh posted online that he was suspended due to his "refusal to participate in Illegal activities." In 2018, after 16 years in the Eerste Divisie , Fortuna won promotion to the Eredivisie again after beating Jong PSV 1–0 to stay clear from NEC and finishing runner-up to champions Jong Ajax , which cannot be promoted. Fortuna Sittard finished in 16th place during
945-532: The practice. Nowadays, shareholders of S.A.s are not anonymous, though shares can still be held by a holding company to obscure the beneficiary. S.A. can be an abbreviation of: "SA" is part of the name of lots of corporations named after an acronym : some examples are Cepsa , originally Compañía Española de Petróleos, Sociedad Anónima , "Spanish petroleum company, S.A." ; Sabena , originally Societé anonyme belge d'Exploitation de la Navigation aérienne , "Belgian S.A. of exploitation of air navigation". It
980-528: The professional team, Wisła Kraków plays also in the Polish Junior league. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules . Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules . Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality. Team records Records individual Had international caps for their respective countries. Players whose name
1015-424: The rivalry is mostly off-pitch and with Wisla's reserve team or in other sports sections of both clubs. Other rivalries are with Lech Poznań , Arka Gdynia and Tarnovia Tarnów , an extension of the fierce rivalry with Cracovia as all three maintain good friendships with them. Fans of Zagłębie Sosnowiec , Korona Kielce , GKS Katowice , and Polonia Warsaw are also inter-regional fierce rivals. In addition to
1050-616: The winner would become the Champion. Kraków's side won 2–0 and became the Champion. 1.FC finished second, third was Warta Poznań . During the German occupation of Poland ( World War II ), the club operated secretly. Co-founder Franciszek Brożek and pre-war player Adam Obrubański were among Poles murdered by the Russians in the large Katyn massacre in April–May 1940. In 1949, the club
1085-454: Was also relegated to the second division on three occasions. Since the football section has been bought by Tele-Fonika Kable S.A. in 1998, the team has been far and away the most successful club in Poland, winning seven national championships and finishing in second place three times, totalling ten top two finishes in 12 years. At international level, Wisła has competed in all three of the European competitions. The club's greatest success came in
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1120-452: Was appointed as the new coach of Fortuna Sittard. During his time as coach, he set two new records for the club, with eight consecutive home victories and the biggest away victory in the club's history, against Telstar by a score of 6–0. In January 2018, the team won a periodetitel after a 2–1 victory over Jong Ajax . However, on 14 February 2018, Oliseh was suspended due to "repeated and culpable actions towards multiple individuals within
1155-501: Was founded in 1906 under the name TS Wisła ( Polish : Towarzystwo Sportowe Wisła). The team plays its home matches at Henryk Reyman Stadium . The club's coat of arms is a white star on a red background crossed by a blue ribbon. Wisła Kraków was one of the most successful Polish football clubs of 2000s, winning eight league championships since 1999. Along with league titles, Wisła also won the Polish Cup on five occasions, including
1190-477: Was founded initially as Wisła Zabierzów as a local branch of the Wisła sports club. The club also has close relations with Italian side Lazio since their Rome derby match in 2016, as well private contacts with CSKA Moscow and VfL Bochum . The fans formerly held relations with Unia Tarnów , Jagiellonia Białystok , Siarka Tarnobrzeg , Resovia Rzeszów and Zagłębie Wałbrzych . The term " Holy War " refers to
1225-453: Was renamed to Gwardia-Wisła Kraków. In 1955 the club returned to its original name, TS Wisła . In 1967, the club was once again renamed, to GTS Wisła , a name which held until 1990 when the club reverted to its original name, TS Wisła . In the late 1990s, the football section of the club was incorporated and was renamed Wisła Kraków SSA . The club has had its ups and downs, winning national championships and earning European qualification. It
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