The CAMEL Application Part ( CAP ) is a signalling protocol used in the Intelligent Network (IN) architecture. CAP is a Remote Operations Service Element (ROSE) user protocol, and as such is layered on top of the Transaction Capabilities Application Part (TCAP) of the SS#7 protocol suite. CAP is based on a subset of the ETSI Core and allows for the implementation of carrier-grade, value added services such as unified messaging, prepaid, fraud control and Freephone in both the GSM voice and GPRS data networks. CAMEL is a means of adding intelligent applications to mobile (rather than fixed) networks. It builds upon established practices in the fixed line telephony business that are generally classed under the heading of (Intelligent Network Application Part) or INAP CS-2 protocol.
6-605: The CAMEL Application Part (CAP) portable, software provides mechanisms to support operator services beyond the standard GSM services for subscribers roaming within or outside the Home PLMN (HPLMN). The CAP product extends the IN framework to GSM/3G networks for implementing IN-based services within GSM/3G networks. CAMEL is used when the subscriber is roaming between networks, allowing the home network to monitor and control calls made by
12-512: A SIM or USIM for one subscriber, typically starts with the PLMN code. For example, an IMSI belonging to the PLMN 262-33 would look like 262330000000001. Mobile phones use this to detect roaming , so that a mobile phone subscribed on a network with a PLMN code that mismatches the start of the USIM's IMSI will typically display an "R" on the icon that indicates connection strength. A PLMN typically offers
18-491: A single operator within a given country, often referred to as a cellular network . A PLMN is identified by a globally unique PLMN code, which consists of a MCC (Mobile Country Code) and MNC (Mobile Network Code) . Hence, it is a five- to six-digit number identifying a country, and a mobile network operator in that country, usually represented in the form 001-01 or 001–001. A PLMN is part of a: Note that an MNC can be of two-digit form and three-digit form with leading zeros. It
24-480: Is administered by the respective national numbering plan administrator. From PLMN assignments, it is apparent that such dualities of two-digit and three-digit MNCs with the same number value are avoided (see the list of mobile country codes and mobile network codes ). An example for an actual three-digit/two-digit MNC with leading zeros is in Bermuda MCC , 350-007 and 350-00, 350-01. The IMSI , which identifies
30-528: The corresponding CAMEL phase requirements, as defined in 3GPP TS 22.078 (service aspects) and 3GPP TS 23.078 (technical realization). The definition of the protocol may be considered to be split into three sections: PLMN In telecommunication, a public land mobile network ( PLMN ) is a combination of wireless communication services offered by a specific operator in a specific country. A PLMN typically consists of several cellular technologies like GSM / 2G , UMTS / 3G , LTE / 4G , NR/5G, offered by
36-442: The subscriber. CAMEL provides services such as prepaid roaming services, fraud control, special numbers (e.g., 123 for voicemail that works everywhere) and closed user groups (e.g., office extension numbers that work everywhere). As with CAMEL, CAP has been defined in four phases, each of which has an accompanying specification that builds upon the previous phase. Each CAP phase provides the message set and procedures needed to support
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