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39-926: Chx may refer to: Chamonix , a town in the French Alps Chancellor of the Exchequer Chicago Stock Exchange Charing Cross railway station (National Rail code) in London Chlorhexidine : A disinfectant and topical anti-infective agent used also as mouthwash to prevent oral plaque CHX, the IATA airport code for Changuinola "Capitán Manuel Niño" International Airport in Changuinola, Panama Cycloheximide , an inhibitor of protein biosynthesis in eukaryotic cells Topics referred to by

78-455: A humid continental climate ( Dfb, according to the Köppen climate classification ) , with an average annual precipitation of 1,280 mm (50 in). Summers are mild and winters are cold and snowy . Chamonix is a winter sports resort town that still attracts skiers ready to test themselves both on the pistes in the official area and against the challenges of the backcountry skiing. As

117-531: A collection of letters written to Pococke's mother and their mutual uncle, the Bishop, as well as in a number of note-books ( British Library, Add. Ms. 19939, 15779, 22998 , etc.). The earlier manuscripts, recently edited and published by Rachel Finnegan, include probably the most detailed description of Venice's "Marriage to the Sea" ceremony as well as precious information on contemporary music, especially opera. Pococke

156-608: A conscientious churchman: despite the time he spent travelling, his privileged background and reasonable wealth, in an age when the Anglican church was under some criticism for its lax ways. He came from a family of Anglican clergymen, his father and grandfather both being vicars. He was also related to the Bishop of Waterford and Lismore in Ireland, his uncle Thomas Milles. Following his education at Corpus Christi College, Oxford, he

195-618: A reputation as a preacher. On his tours in Scotland, he visited many Episcopal (i.e. Anglican) congregations, and preached and confirmed in them all, ‘Bishop Pococke was the only Bishop of the Church of England, since the Revolution, that preached and confirmed in Scotland when Episcopacy was there abolished. For in the summer of 1760, this prelate made a journey from Ireland to the north parts of it (Scotland). . . He preached and confirmed in

234-485: A visitation at Charleville Castle , near Tullamore , County Offaly , Ireland, in 1765. On his death, many of his manuscripts were given to the British Library. He was buried at Ardbraccan , County Meath , Ireland. In a letter to Mrs. Donnellan dated Sandleford , 30 December 1750, Mrs. Montagu wrote: ... We have a loss in not having Dr. Pococke here this Christmas, as we expected. The conversation of

273-480: A year. The commune of Chamonix-Mont-Blanc includes 16 villages and hamlets. From north to south: Le Tour 1,462 m (4,797 ft), Montroc, Le Planet, Argentière 1,252 m (4,108 ft), Les Chosalets, Le Lavancher, Les Tines, Les Bois, Les-Praz-de-Chamonix 1,060 m (3,478 ft), Chamonix-Mont-Blanc, Les Pècles, Les Mouilles, Les Barrats, Les Pélerins, Les Gaillands, and Les Bossons 1,012 m (3,320 ft). Due to its elevation, Chamonix has

312-489: Is a cog railway that provides access to the tourist site of Montenvers. Opened in 1909, its rail station was built next to SNCF's Chamonix station on the St Gervais-Vallorcine Line. In fact the two stations are directly linked. Montenvers provides further tourist access to middle and high mountain areas. Chamonix has one of the highest cable cars in the world, which links the town to the summit of

351-633: Is always, besides butter and toasted bread, honey and jelly of currants and preserved orange peel". His travels and observations were recorded in a series of letters to his mother and sister, these letters being subsequently edited by him and transcribed into four manuscript quarto volumes. These were published for the first time by the Scottish History Society in 1887, this being the Society's first Volume. While known for his travels and travel writing, Pococke also seemed to have been

390-694: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Chamonix Chamonix is situated in the French Alps just north of Mont Blanc , the highest mountain in Western Europe. Between the peaks of the Aiguilles Rouges and the notable Aiguille du Midi , it borders both Switzerland and Italy . It is one of the oldest ski resorts in France, popular with alpinists and mountain enthusiasts. Via

429-516: Is linked to Switzerland by what used to be RN 506a. In 2006, it was converted to a Route Départementale 1506, with a part of it integrated into RN 205. The nearest airport to Chamonix is Geneva Cointrin International and it is 88 kilometres (55 miles) away. Chamonix is served by the metre-gauge St Gervais-Vallorcine Line , operated by SNCF . The line from Saint Gervais (on the standard-gauge rail network) to Chamonix opened in 1901; it

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468-562: Is now in print (2013), thus completing the publication of all his known travels. Among other things, he was one of the European travellers to give an account of the origins of the medieval Arabic document, the Achtiname of Muhammad , which claims that Muhammad had personally confirmed a grant of protection and other privileges to the monks of Saint Catherine's Monastery in Egypt. During

507-646: The Church of Ireland . However, he is best known for his travel writings and diaries. Pococke was born in Southampton and educated at Corpus Christi College, Oxford , receiving a Bachelor of Law degree. His father was the Reverend Richard Pococke and his mother was Elizabeth Milles, the daughter of Rev. Isaac Milles the younger , son of Rev. Isaac Milles (1638–1720). His parents were married on 26 April 1698. Pococke's uncle, Thomas Milles ,

546-733: The Earl of Chesterfield , then promoted him in 1745 to the Archdeaconry of Dublin. In 1756 the Archdeacon received an important preferment when he was appointed as a bishop, the Bishop of Ossory. In 1765, having briefly been appointed the Bishop of Elphin, the Bishopric of Meath became vacant and Pococke was translated directly from Ossory to Meath in July; he died three months later ( DNB 1885 - 1900/Richard Pococke ). He seemed to have enjoyed

585-680: The European Curling Championships in 1991 and 1999. The town of Chamonix is served by French Route Nationale 205 ( RN 205 ), nicknamed the Route blanche , or "white route", due to its snowiness. This is an extension of French autoroute 40 ( A40 ), similarly nicknamed the autoroute blanche , which ends at Le Fayet, a village in the commune of Saint-Gervais-les-Bains . The 11.6-km Mont Blanc Tunnel , which opened in 1965, links Chamonix to Courmayeur in Italy. Chamonix

624-461: The Aiguille du Midi at 3842 m. It is based on an older system built in 1920, rebuilt in the first half of the 1950s over five summer seasons, fully modernized in 1979, and upgraded again in 2008. On the other side of the valley, another cable car links Chamonix to the viewpoint of Planpraz. A second line links Planpraz to the summit of Le Brévent at 2525 meters. Many other cable cars exist in

663-620: The English Church in Elgin, and continued to do so in every other of that persuasion which he had occasion to be near, greatly regarded and esteemed by all ranks and degrees of people.’ The Cambridge Chronicle, October 5, 1765. He spent many of his later years in travel throughout Britain and Ireland, publishing accounts of many of his journeys. For example, during early 1751 he toured northeast Lancashire visiting Clitheroe , and Whalley , amongst other places. He died of apoplexy during

702-639: The Second World War , a Children's Home operated in Chamonix, in which several dozens of Jewish children were hidden from the Nazis. Some of those who hid them were recognised as " Righteous Among the Nations ". By the 1960s, agriculture had been reduced to a marginal activity, while the number of tourist beds available rose to around 60,000 by the end of the 20th century, with about 5 million visitors

741-475: The cable car lift to the Aiguille du Midi it is possible to access the off-piste ( backcountry ) ski run of the Vallée Blanche (White Valley). The name Campum munitum, meaning fortified plain or field, had been used as early as 1091. By 1283 the name had been abbreviated to a similar form to the modern Chamonis. Other forms through the ages include Chamouny in 1581, Chamony in 1652, Chamouni in 1786, and

780-636: The early 13th century had established a priory there. However, in 1786 the inhabitants bought their freedom from the canons of Sallanches , to whom the priory had been transferred in 1519. In 1530, the inhabitants obtained from the Count of the Genevois the privilege of holding two fairs a year, while the valley was often visited by the civil officials and by the bishops of Geneva (first recorded visit in 1411, while St. Francis de Sales came there in 1606). But travellers for pleasure were very rare. Chamonix

819-506: The highest European mountain west of Russia, Mont Blanc attracts mountain climbers . The Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc has been held every August since 2003. There is a cable car up to the 3,842 m (12,605 ft) Aiguille du Midi . Constructed in 1955, it was then the highest cable car in the world and remains the highest vertical ascent cable car in the world. Chamonix is divided into three separate ski areas (Les Grands Montets, Brévent - Flégère, le domaine de Balme) which run along

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858-479: The mountain slopes (which were communally or co-operatively owned), and this association held a monopoly of guiding from the town until it was broken by French government action in 1892; thereafter guides were required to hold a diploma issued by a commission dominated by civil servants and members of the French Alpine Club rather than local residents. From the late 19th century on, tourist development

897-470: The particular spelling Chamonix from 1793. Chamonix is the fourth-largest commune in metropolitan France , with an area of 245 km (95 sq mi). Its population of around 8,900 ranks 1,089th within the country of France. The valley was first mentioned in 1091, when it was granted by the Count of the Genevois to the great Benedictine house of St. Michel de la Cluse , near Turin , which by

936-606: The rail route continues over the border into Switzerland, meeting the SBB network at Martigny . This latter section, a metre-gauge cog railway , is operated by Transports de Martigny et Régions SA. The train service from Vallorcine to Martigny is known as the Mont Blanc Express . Timetables on the St Gervais-Vallorcine and Vallorcine-Martigny sections are synchronized. The 5.1-km Montenvers Railway

975-403: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CHX . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CHX&oldid=1046141929 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

1014-471: The services of a friendly society to its members, and in the 20th century many of them were noted mountaineers and popularisers of mountain tourism, notably the novelist Roger Frison-Roche, the first member of the Compagnie not to be born in Chamonix. Serving as the host city for the first Winter Olympic Games in 1924 further raised Chamonix's profile as an international tourist destination. During

1053-457: The third in 1760 very extensive taking him as far north as Orkney . The first tour commenced on 27 September 1747 and finished on 26 October of the same year. During that month, he visited Edinburgh, Stirling, Glasgow and Ayr, returning to Ireland via Port Patrick. The second tour was very short, only a few days duration. He crossed from Carlisle on 16 July 1750, visiting Dumfries and Drumlanrig Castle before returning via Carlisle. The third tour

1092-633: The valley from Le Tour down to Les Houches. In addition to the 1924 Winter Olympic Games, the town hosts a round of the FIS Alpine Ski World Cup and the Arlberg-Kandahar . It previously hosted the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 1937 and the 1984 and 1988 Biathlon World Championships for women. The 1930 Ice Hockey World Championships was mostly held at Chamonix. The town also hosted

1131-478: The valley, and are heavily used by skiers and residents. The Plan Joran chairlift at the base of Les Grands Montets is due to be replaced by a 10-person gondola for the Winter 2014/15 season. Chamonix is twinned with: Richard Pococke Richard Pococke (19 November 1704 – 25 September 1765) was an English clergyman and writer. He was the Bishop of Ossory (1756–65) and Meath (1765), both dioceses of

1170-475: The years 1747–60, Pococke made a number of tours around various parts of Ireland. The longest of these tours occurred in 1752, when he travelled to just over half of Ireland's counties. He kept a record of this tour, but did not publish it. It ended up in the library of Trinity College, Dublin . Eventually, in 1891, an edited edition of Pococke's 1752 tour was published by George Thomas Stokes . Pococke made three tours in Scotland. The first two were quite short,

1209-548: Was a professor of Greek. He was also distantly related to Edward Pococke , the English Orientalist and biblical scholar. Rev. Jeremiah II Milles (1714–1784) was a first cousin. His family connections meant he advanced rapidly in the church, becoming vicar-general of the Diocese of Waterford and Lismore. Between 1733 and 1741 he undertook two Grand Tours with his cousin, Jeremiah Milles . The first (1733–34)

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1248-600: Was a prolific library tourist and visited libraries in Amsterdam, Vienna, and Mount Sinai. From 1737 to 1741 he visited the Middle East , visiting Egypt, Palestine, Lebanon & Syria, Asia Minor and Greece. These travels were later published in his Description of the East of 1743 and 1745, works which were praised by Edward Gibbon . The complete collection of correspondence written to his mother from his Eastern voyage

1287-451: Was dominated by national and international initiatives rather than local entrepreneurs, though the local community was increasingly dependent upon and active in the tourist industry. The commune successfully lobbied to change its name from Chamonix to Chamonix-Mont-Blanc in 1916. However, following the loss of its monopoly, the Compagnie reformed as an association of local guides, and retained an important role in local society; it provided

1326-400: Was extended to Vallorcine in 1908. The line holds the record for the steepest gradient on any standard ( adhesion ) railway. There are 10 stations on this line within the commune of Chamonix: Montroc-le-Planet , Argentière , La Joux , Les Tines , Les Praz-de-Chamonix , Chamonix-Mont-Blanc , Chamonix-Aiguille-du-Midi , Les Moussoux , Les Pélerins and Les Bossons . From Vallorcine ,

1365-637: Was far more extensive, lasting nearly five months (excepting 8 May to 22 May spent in the north of England). He crossed from Port Patrick on 30 April 1760, returning via Berwick on Tweed on 22 Sept of the same year. His itinerary took him in a clockwise circuit round most of Scotland, including Loch Lomond, Iona , Fort William, Inverness, the North West, Orkney, the North East, Perth, Fife and Edinburgh, finishing at Berwick on Tweed. In his Tours of Scotland of 1760 he observed marmalade at breakfast "there

1404-625: Was ordained in 1725, his uncle appointing him to the Precentorship of Lismore. Although he was English, his whole forty-year life of service to the church was spent in the Church of Ireland, eleven of them as a bishop. He was in effect part of the Anglo-Irish social class . In 1734 he was appointed Vicar-General of the Dioceses of Waterford and Lismore. The following year, he was made Precentor of Waterford. The Lord Lieutenant of Ireland,

1443-660: Was part of the historical land of Savoy and emerged as the feudal territory of the House of Savoy during the 11th to 14th centuries. The historical territory is shared between the modern countries of France, Italy and Switzerland. The House of Savoy became the longest surviving royal house in Europe. It ruled the County of Savoy to 1416 and then the Duchy of Savoy from 1416 to 1860. The first party to publish (1744) an account of their visit

1482-571: Was that of Richard Pococke , William Windham and others, such as the Englishmen who visited the Mer de Glace in 1741. In 1742 came P. Martel and several other Genevese, in 1760 Horace Bénédict de Saussure , as well as rather later Marc-Théodore Bourrit . The growth of tourism in the early 19th century led to the formation of the Compagnie des Guides de Chamonix in 1821, to regulate access to

1521-494: Was to France and Italy and the second (1737) was to various European countries, then again Italy. Milles was recalled in 1737 to attend his uncle, the Bishop of Waterford & Lismore, leaving Pococke to continue his major excursion to the Middle East . He returned via Italy in 1741, visiting the Alps on his way back to England by 1742. He was considered one of the first Alpine travellers. Detailed accounts of his travels survive in

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