Infrastructure as a service ( IaaS ) is a cloud computing service model where a cloud services vendor provides computing resources such as storage, network, servers, and virtualization (which emulates computer hardware). This service frees users from maintaining their own data center , but they must install and maintain the operating system and application software. Iaas provides users high-level APIs to control details of underlying network infrastructure such as backup, data partitioning, scaling, security and physical computing resources. Services can be scaled on-demand by the user. According to the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF), such infrastructure is the most basic cloud-service model. IaaS can be hosted in a public cloud (where users share hardware, storage, and network devices), a private cloud (users do not share resources), or a hybrid cloud (combination of both).
19-474: CISPE ( Cloud Infrastructure Services Providers in Europe ) is a non-profit trade association for infrastructure as a service (IaaS) cloud providers in Europe. It was started to aid IaaS providers in explaining their business model to policymakers. Registered in early 2017, CISPE has been operating since 2015. The association aims to advocate for an EU-wide cloud-first public procurement policy and engage for
38-456: A compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 22.6% from 2023 to 2030. This growth is primarily driven by the adoption of cloud-based infrastructure within the Banking, Financial Services, and Insurance ( BFSI ) sector, which employs these technologies to enhance scalability and reduce operational costs. The UK Government encourages departments to use public cloud solutions as a first option. IaaS
57-601: A European Digital Single Market including the promotion of high-level security and data protection rules/standards as well as avoiding vendor lock-in. In June 2020, the association became one the 22 founding members of GAIA-X , announced by the German and French Ministers of Economic Affairs Peter Altmaier and Bruno Le Maire . CISPE joined forces with European cloud users and providers like BMW , EDF , Safran , Atos , Siemens , Bosch , OVHcloud , and Deutsche Telekom . To help IaaS providers and their customers to comply with
76-635: A positive opinion by the European Data Protection Board on May 19. 2021, and has been finally approved by the competent national Supervisory Authority, CNIL on June 3, 2021. To become operational, i.e. legally effective, the Code requires an accredited monitoring body, first. "Le code de conduite sera opérationnel dès que l’un de ces organismes de contrôle sera agréé par la Commission." To date, 3 Monitoring Bodies have been approved (EY CertifyPoint, Bureau Veritas, LNE). To anticipate
95-421: A ten-member board. The composition of the board of directors should at any time take into account composition rules: a majority of the board should be composed with European-headquartered companies; a majority of the board should be composed of small and mid-caps (< €1 billion turnover) and represent at least three different EU countries (considering worldwide headquarter's location). The first chairman of
114-406: A utility: cost reflects the amount of resources allocated or consumed. Typically, IaaS involves the use of a cloud orchestration technology such as OpenStack , Apache CloudStack , or OpenNebula . It manages the creation of a virtual machine (VM) and decides on the hypervisor (i.e. physical host) in order to start it. A hypervisor runs virtual machines (VMs) as guests. Pools of hypervisors in
133-403: Is Linux containers , which run in isolated partitions of a Linux kernel that runs directly on the physical hardware. Containers are isolated, secured and managed using Linux cgroups and namespaces. Containerisation offers higher performance than virtualization because there is no hypervisor overhead. The global IaaS market is projected to reach a value of $ 411.9 billion by 2030, expanding at
152-514: Is in use within the UK Government but the technology community within government recommends consideration of Platform as a Service (PaaS) in cases where a department may not have IaaS skills and management capacity. Aruba S.p.A. Aruba S.p.A is an Italian company mainly active in the web hosting and domain registration businesses. It is the market leader in Italy, and also has
171-543: The CISPE Code of Conduct within six months. Infrastructure as a service The US National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) defines infrastructure as a service as: The capability provided to the consumer is provision processing, storage, networks, as well as other fundamental computing resources where the consumer is able to deploy & run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The consumer does not manage or control
190-718: The EU General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), which entered into force from 25 May 2018, CISPE released the CISPE Data Protection Code of Conduct . On top of the required compliance to meet with the GDPR, the code also ensures that IaaS customers can choose to have their data located and processed exclusively in Europe, and that the supplier will not re-use a customer's data. The compliance has to be declared by CISPs/IaaS providers service by service. The CISPE Code of Conduct
209-916: The European Commission to co-chair the SWIPO IaaS Working Group. The SWIPO IaaS code was handed over to the European Commission in November 2019 during the High-Level Conference on Data Economy of the EU Finish Presidency. Cispe members have declared first services adherent to the Swipo Iaas Code in May 2021. The organization set up a Green Cloud Task Force to discuss questions of environmental impact of data centers. The Task Force worked with
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#1732772464231228-560: The European Commission to develop a self-regulatory initiative to achieve our shared goal of ensuring data centres in Europe are climate neutral by 2030: the Climate Neutral Data Centre Pact . The initiative is led by CISPE and EUDCA. In April 2021, Cispe launched together with the French CIO association CIGREF "10 Principles for Fair Software Licensing" in order to address fair software licensing terms of
247-745: The Free Flow of non-personal Data Regulation (FFoD) that was published in late 2018, the European Commission started the SWIPO (Switching and Porting) Working Groups to develop two codes of conduct for data portability on the Cloud market (one for Infrastructure as a Service, another for Software as a Service). These codes were developed to specifically answer the regulation requirement of its Article 6 - "Data Porting". CISPE, together with EuroCIO (the association of European CIOs) has been tasked by
266-523: The board is Alban Schmutz. The general secretary is named by the board. The first general secretary is Francisco Mingorance. The Board also names a Code of Conduct Task Force (CISPE CCTF) which is in charge of the evolution and improvements of the CISPE Data Protection Code of Conduct. The organization is open to any member operating at least one IaaS service in one European country and engaging to declare at least one service under
285-434: The cloud operational system can support large numbers of virtual machines and the ability to scale services up and down according to demand by customers. Hypevisors include Xen , Oracle VirtualBox , Oracle VM , KVM , VMware ESX /ESXi, or Microsoft Hyper-V . It also enables VM migration between hosts, allocates storage volumes, and attaches them to VMs that track usage information for billing. An alternative to hypervisors
304-914: The frame of the EU Digital Markets Act. Members and supportive organizations manage operations in more than 15 European countries including France, Germany, Italy, Ireland, the United Kingdom, Finland, Sweden, the Netherlands, Spain, Bulgaria, Poland, and Switzerland. Corporate members of CISPE, or organisations supporting the Code of Conduct, include: Arsys, Art of Automation, Aruba S.p.A. , AWS , BIT, Dada, Daticum, Dominion, Enter, Fasthosts , FjordIT, Gigas, Hetzner Online , Home, Host Europe Group , IDS, Ikoula, LeaseWeb , Lomaco, Netalia, Netcetera, Outscale, OVHcloud , Seeweb, Serverplan, SolidHost, UpCloud, VTX, XXL Webhosting, and 1&1 Internet . The CISPE General Assembly elects
323-461: The large pools of equipment installed in data centers . For wide-area connectivity, customers can use either the Internet or carrier clouds (dedicated virtual private networks , VPNs). To deploy their applications, users install operating-system images and the application software on the cloud infrastructure. Users patch and maintain the operating systems. IaaS services are typically billed as
342-497: The underlying cloud infrastructure but has control over operating systems, storage, & deployed applications; and possibly limited control of select networking components (e.g., host firewalls). IaaS clouds often offer additional resources such as a virtual-machine disk-image library, raw block storage , file or object storage , firewalls, load balancers, IP addresses, virtual local area networks (VLANs), and software bundles. IaaS-cloud providers supply resources on-demand from
361-708: Was launched on 27 September 2016 at the European Parliament , and the first thirty services had been declared by the first CISPs/IaaS providers on 14 February 2017. Announcements received press coverage from Le Monde , InfoDSI, El País , La Repubblica , Silicon, Cloud Magazine , Computer Sweden , Tom's Hardware, L'informaticien, Global Security Mag , EU Observer , Politico , Computer Weekly , IAPP, Il corriere della Sicurezza, LeMagIT , Bloomberg Television , ITR Manager, Heise.de, COR.COM, ZDNet , ElEconomista.es, IT Channel, EuropaPress, 01net, The Register , and CIO Dive. The CISPE Code has received
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