Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion (also known as passive double immunodiffusion ) is an immunological technique used in the detection, identification and quantification of antibodies and antigens , such as immunoglobulins and extractable nuclear antigens . The technique is named after Örjan Ouchterlony , the Swedish physician who developed the test in 1948 to evaluate the production of diphtheria toxins from isolated bacteria.
8-414: CLIA may refer to: Chemiluminescent immunoassay Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments Cruise Lines International Association Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title CLIA . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to
16-422: A stain such as Coomassie brilliant blue , this is done by repeated staining and destaining of the assay until the precipitin lines are at maximum visibility. Precipitation occurs with most antigens because the antigen is multivalent (i.e. has several antigenic determinants per molecule to which antibodies can bind). Antibodies have at least two antigen binding sites (and in the case of immunoglobulin M there
24-419: Is a multimeric complex with up to 10 antigen binding sites), thus large aggregates or gel-like lattices of antigen and antibody are formed. Experimentally, an increasing amount of antigen is added to a constant amount of antibody in solution. Initially at low antigen concentration, all of the antibody is contained in the precipitate. This is called the antibody-excess zone (i.e. prozone phenomenon). As more antigen
32-1933: Is a type of immunoassay employing chemiluminescence . See also [ edit ] Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) References [ edit ] ^ Wang, Chen; Wu, Jie; Zong, Chen; Xu, Jie; Ju, Huang-Xian (January 2012). "Chemiluminescent Immunoassay and its Applications". Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemistry . 40 (1): 3–10. doi : 10.1016/S1872-2040(11)60518-5 . ISSN 1872-2040 . ^ Cinquanta L, Fontana DE, Bizzaro N (December 2017). "Chemiluminescent immunoassay technology: what does it change in autoantibody detection?" . Auto Immun Highlights . 8 (1): 9. doi : 10.1007/s13317-017-0097-2 . PMC 5483212 . PMID 28647912 . v t e Medical tests used in immunology ( CPT 86000–86849) Immunoprecipitation Chromatin immunoprecipitation Immunodiffusion Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion Radial immunodiffusion Immunoelectrophoresis Counterimmunoelectrophoresis Immunoassay Chemiluminescent immunoassay ELISA ELISpot Enzyme multiplied immunoassay technique RAST test Radioimmunoassay Radiobinding assay Immunofluorescence Agglutination Hemagglutination / Hemagglutinin Coombs test Latex fixation test Other Diagnostic immunology Nephelometry Complement fixation test Immunocytochemistry Immunohistochemistry Direct fluorescent antibody Epitope mapping Skin allergy test Patch test Total complement activity MELISA Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chemiluminescent_immunoassay&oldid=1117069712 " Category : Immunologic tests Ouchterlony double immunodiffusion A gel plate
40-402: Is cut to form a series of holes ("wells") in an agar or agarose gel. A sample extract of interest (for example human cells harvested from tonsil tissue) is placed in one well, sera or purified antibodies are placed in another well and the plate left for 48 hours to develop. During this time the antigens in the sample extract and the antibodies each diffuse out of their respective wells. Where
48-423: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=CLIA&oldid=1117111262 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Chemiluminescent immunoassay Chemiluminescent immunoassay ( CLIA )
56-417: The precipitate is observed. When more than one well is used there are many possible outcomes based on the reactivity of the antigen and antibody selected. The zone of equivalence lines may give a full identity (i.e. a continuous line), partial identity (i.e. a continuous line with a spur at one end), or a non-identity (i.e. the two lines cross completely). The sensitivity of the assay can be increased by using
64-543: The two diffusion fronts meet, if any of the antibodies recognize any of the antigens, they will bind to the antigens and form an immune complex . The immune complex precipitates in the gel to give a thin white line (precipitin line), which is a visual signature of antigen recognition. The method can be conducted in parallel with multiple wells filled with different antigen mixtures and multiple wells with different antibodies or mixtures of antibodies, and antigen-antibody reactivity can be seen by observing between which wells
#214785