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24-608: The Cody Scarp runs from just east of the Apalachicola River to Alachua County . It is the boundary over that range between the Gulf Coastal Lowlands and the Northern Highlands of Florida. The Gulf Coast Lowlands have only a thin layer of soil over limestone , while the Northern Highlands consist of plateaus of sand, clay and carbonate rock . The scarp rises about 100 feet (30 m) from

48-571: A karst plain to the west has elevations up to 190 feet (58 meters) mean sea level (MSL). The Cody Scarp runs right through Gainesville, Florida . Apalachicola River The Apalachicola River / æ p əl æ tʃ ɪ ˈ k oʊ l ə / is a river, approximately 160 miles (260 km) long, in the state of Florida . The river's large watershed , known as the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee and Flint (ACF) River Basin , drains an area of approximately 19,500 square miles (50,500 km ) into

72-401: A high-quality monofloral honey , which is produced wherever the tupelo trees bloom in the southeastern United States . In a good harvest year, the value of the tupelo honey crop produced by a group of specialized Florida beekeepers approaches $ 900,000 each spring. During Florida's British colonial period, the river formed the boundary between East Florida and West Florida . Geologically,

96-702: A shoreline of 376 mi (605 km). The fish in Lake Seminole include largemouth bass , crappie , chain pickerel , catfish , striped bass and other species. American alligators , snakes and various waterfowl are also present in the lake, which is known for its goose hunting . Authorized by the United States Congress in the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1946 as the Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam Project, construction began

120-665: Is known as the Okefenokee Terrace. The second is known as the Wicomico Terrace. In Jefferson County to the east, the scarp coincides with the Wicomico Terrace with an elevation at 40–45 feet above mean sea level . The scarp separates the Hawthorn Group of fine to medium grained sandy clays and silty , clayey sands of the Red Hills Region of north Florida and southwest Georgia to

144-719: The Creek War in 1813 by Uchee refugees, the site was abandoned again in 1818 during the First Seminole War , and was not rediscovered until 1948 during archaeological work by the Florida Park Service supporting the construction of Lake Seminole. Fort Scott was built in 1816 on the west bank of the Flint River, just before it empties into the Apalachicola. The intent was to protect what

168-717: The Everglades or Great Smoky Mountains. To raise awareness about the importance of preserving the natural state of the river and its inhabitants, Florida film producer Elam Stoltzfus highlighted this system in a 2006 documentary broadcast on PBS. The river forms the boundary between the Eastern and Central time zones in Florida, until it reaches the Jackson River . Thereafter, the Jackson River, which flows to

192-645: The Gulf of Mexico , it creates a rich array of wetlands varying in salinity. These include tidal marshes and seagrass meadows . Over 230,000 acres (93,000 ha) of this diverse delta complex are included within the Apalachicola National Estuarine Research Reserve. There are also dunes with coastal grasslands and interdunal swales. The basin of the Apalachicola River is also noted for its Tupelo honey ,

216-556: The Gulf of Mexico . The distance to its farthest head waters (as the Chattahoochee River ) in northeast Georgia is approximately 500 miles (800 km). Its name comes from Apalachicola Province , an association of Native American towns located on what is now the Chattahoochee River. The Spanish included what is now called the Chattahoochee River as part of one river, calling all of it from its origins in

240-716: The Jim Woodruff Dam . It flows generally south through the forests of the Florida Panhandle , past Bristol . In northern Gulf County , it receives the Chipola River from the west. It flows into Apalachicola Bay , an inlet of the Gulf of Mexico, at Apalachicola, Florida . The lower 30 mi (48 km) of the river is surrounded by extensive swamps and wetlands , except at the coast. The watershed contains nationally significant forests, with some of

264-569: The Apalachicola River and with a spillway 2,224 feet (678 m) wide, is a hydroelectric and navigational dam named in honor of James W. Woodruff, Sr. , a Georgia businessman who spearheaded the development of the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint Project. The dam crosses the state line between Georgia and Florida, with the eastern end of the dam being located in Georgia and the majority, including

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288-416: The Flint River for 35 miles (56 km). The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers maintains 10 parks along the shore of the lake, with 35 parks in total available for recreation, including five campgrounds. Seminole State Park covers 604 acres (244 ha) of lakeshore in Georgia, while Three Rivers State Park covers 686 acres (278 ha) of wetland north of Sneads, Florida . The West Bank Overlook at

312-555: The Gulf Coastal Lowlands to the Northern Highlands. The Cody Scarp and the Gulf Coastal Lowlands are karst landscapes, with many sinkholes , springs, underground streams, and related features. The scarp, at 42.6 to 45.7 meters (140 to 150 feet) above sea level , is most prominent in Leon County, Florida where it runs east to west. It is a remnant of two Pleistocene interglacial shorelines. The first shoreline

336-463: The Gulf of Mexico, is the time zone boundary. Lake Seminole Lake Seminole is a reservoir located in the southwest corner of Georgia along its border with Florida , maintained by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers . The Chattahoochee and Flint rivers join in the lake, before flowing from the Jim Woodruff Lock and Dam , which impounds the lake, as the Apalachicola River . The lake contains 37,500 acres (152 km ) of water, and has

360-608: The Woodville Karst Plain, the Suwannee Limestone of the Floridan Aquifer is shallow and exposed in many places. This is the primary recharge area for Wakulla Springs and where the aquifer is most vulnerable to pollution on the land surface. It is also a zone of high sinkhole activity. In Alachua County, Florida this westward-facing escarpment between an upland plateau to the east and

384-473: The finest remaining examples of old growth forest in the southeast. The endangered tree species Florida torreya is endemic to the region; it clings to forested slopes and bluffs in Torreya State Park along the east bank of the river. The highest point within the watershed is Blood Mountain at 4,458 ft (1,359 m), near the headwaters of the Chattahoochee River. Where the river enters

408-466: The following year. With the dam completed in 1952, in 1957 the lake was opened. The project was expected to cost $ 29 million USD , but when completed had required $ 46.5 million USD . The lake is named after the Seminole Indians. The Jim Woodruff Dam, located about 1,000 feet (300 m) south of the original confluence of the Chattahoochee River, Flint River and Spring Creek to form

432-556: The highest biological diversity east of the Mississippi River and rivaling that of the Great Smoky Mountains . It has significant areas of temperate deciduous forest as well as longleaf pine landscapes and flatwoods . Flooded areas have significant tracts of floodplain forest. All of these southeastern forest types were devastated by logging between 1880 and 1920, and the Apalachicola contains some of

456-445: The locks, gates, spillway, and powerhouse, all being within Florida, just 100 feet south of the southwest corner of Georgia. The Jim Woodruff Dam has a single lock, 450 feet (140 m) in length and 82 feet (25 m) wide, that provides navigational access to the lake and the upstream rivers from the Apalachicola River and Gulf of Mexico . Lake Seminole extends upstream along the Chattahoochee River for 30 miles (48 km) and up

480-539: The north from the fine to medium fine grained, partially recrystallized, silty to sandy limestones of the Gulf Coastal Lowlands to the south. A dramatic difference in elevation is seen here as the Red Hills, at a maximum of 70 meters (230 feet) mean sea level (MSL), drops to the area known as the Woodville Karst Plain , an elevation of 50 to 80 feet (15 to 24 meters) within 15 miles (24 km). On

504-711: The river links the coastal plain and Gulf Coast with the Appalachian Mountains . Some of the remaining important areas of natural habitat along the river include Apalachicola National Forest , Torreya State Park, The Nature Conservancy Apalachicola Bluffs and Ravines Preserve, Tates Hell State Forest , and Apalachicola River Wildlife and Environmental Area, as well as the Apalachicola River Water Management Area. It has been suggested that this watershed should be nationally ranked and appreciated as being as significant as

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528-516: The southern Appalachian foothills down to the Gulf of Mexico the Apalachicola . The river is formed on the state line between Florida and Georgia, near the town of Chattahoochee, Florida , approximately 60 miles (97 km) northeast of Panama City , by the confluence of the Flint and Chattahoochee rivers. The actual confluence is contained within the Lake Seminole reservoir formed by

552-530: The western end of the dam is the location of the Spanish mission San Carlos de los Chacatos , established in 1674 following a revolt by the Chacato . Used by both Marcos Delgado and Don Laureano de Torres y Ayala on their expeditions, the mission was attacked by Alibamu warriors in 1696, then later by English forces led by Colonel James Moore during Queen Anne's War and abandoned. Resettled during

576-494: Was then the southern border of the United States (the border between Georgia and Florida), subject to various types of invaders operating through or out of Spanish territory. The Fort was abandoned after Florida became a U.S. territory in 1821 and there was no longer a border to defend. The area around the site was flooded due to the creation of the lake, thus the land which the fort resided became an island. Lake Seminole

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