The Comics Arts Conference ( CAC ), also known as the Comic Arts Conference , is an academic conference held in conjunction with both the annual San Diego Comic-Con in San Diego , and WonderCon in San Francisco . Founded in 1992 by Henderson State University communications professor Randy Duncan and Michigan State University graduate student Peter Coogan (author of the book Superhero: The Secret Origin of a Genre ), the Comic(s) Arts Conference brings together scholars, professionals, critics, industry professionals, and historians who study comics seriously as a medium.
56-670: The Comic(s) Arts Conference first convened on August 12, 1992, at the Marriott Hotel and Marina in San Diego as part of that year's Comic-Con International. CAC's inaugural programming featured presentations on Tijuana bibles , The Role of the Indian in the Western Comic Book , and Coogan's opinion of The Present State of Comics Scholarship . Highlights included Duncan's lecture on Applying Rhetorical Methodologies to
112-459: A data breach . After the disclosure, Attorney General of New York Barbara Underwood announced an investigation into the data breach. The cyberattack was found to be a part of a Chinese intelligence -gathering effort that also hacked health insurers and the security clearance files of millions more Americans. The hackers are suspected of working on behalf of the Ministry of State Security ,
168-795: A public company via an initial public offering . The company opened its first hotel, the Marriott Motor Hotel , in Arlington, Virginia , on January 16, 1957. It cost $ 9 per night, plus an extra $ 1 for every person that was in the car. Its second hotel, the Marriott Key Bridge Motor Hotel in Rosslyn, Arlington, Virginia , opened in 1959, and was Marriott International's longest continuously operating hotel until its closure in July 2021. Hot Shoppes, Inc.
224-555: A 10-page letter to editor Dick Giordano regarding the portrayal of female comic book characters and Giordano offered her a writing job. Her first published comics story (credited as "Barbara J. Randall") was "He with Secrets Fears the Sound...", a Batgirl backup feature, in Detective Comics #518 (Sept. 1982). After receiving her college degree in drama studies in 1983, she became an associate editor at DC Comics in 1984 and
280-503: A 49% interest in The Ritz-Carlton Hotel Company . Marriott believed that it could increase sales and profit margins for The Ritz-Carlton, a troubled chain with many properties either losing money or barely breaking even. The cost to Marriott was estimated to have been about $ 200 million in cash and assumed debt. The next year, Marriott spent $ 331 million to acquire The Ritz-Carlton, Atlanta, and buy
336-525: A long-term licensing agreement with Sonder (company) , adding 10,500 rooms to their portfolio and allowing customers to earn or redeem Marriott Bonvoy points at Sonder properties starting in late 2024. From Marriott's founding in 1927 to 2012, the company's senior leadership was led by members of the Marriott family. In 2012, Arne Sorenson became the first non-Marriott family member to be appointed chief executive; this practice continued when Anthony Capuano
392-411: A majority interest in two properties owned by William Johnson, a real estate developer who had purchased The Ritz-Carlton, Boston in 1983 and expanded his Ritz-Carlton holdings over the next twenty years. Ritz-Carlton expanded into the timeshare market. Ritz Carlton benefited from Marriott's reservation system and buying power. In 1998, Marriott acquired majority ownership of The Ritz-Carlton. In 1997,
448-531: A range of backgrounds, perspectives, and disciplines taking either a critical or historical perspective on any aspects of comics. Even university students, both undergraduates and graduate students supervised by their professors, have collected data on Comic-Con and WonderCon fan behaviors in order to present their findings at CAC and presented their efforts in comics creation. The open conference includes academically minded historians and chroniclers as well as noted writers, artists and other professionals from within
504-726: A whole to specific stories or characters. CAC's location originally alternated between San Diego Comic-Con (1992, 1993, and 1996) and the Chicago Comicon (later known as Wizard World Chicago Comic Con before becoming Fan Expo Chicago ) in 1994 and 1995 before a 1997 hiatus, then becoming permanently attached to San Diego Comic-Con as an official part of the international convention in 1998. The Comics Arts Conference expanded in 2007 when it began to meet twice annually, adding sessions at February's WonderCon in San Francisco in addition to July's Comic-Con. The WonderCon conference
560-860: Is headquartered in Bethesda, Maryland . The company is the successor to the hospitality division of the Marriott Corporation , founded by J. Willard Marriott (1900–1985) and his wife Alice Marriott (1907–2000). Marriott International is the largest hotel company in the world by the number of available rooms. It has 36 brands with 8,785 properties containing 1,597,380 rooms in 141 countries and territories. Of these 8,785 properties 2,046 are managed but not owned by Marriott, 6,563 are owned and managed by independent hospitality companies under franchise agreements with Marriott, and 50 are both owned and managed by Marriott. The company also operates 20 hotel reservation centers. Marriott International, Inc.
616-515: Is held concurrently with the international comic book convention in order to facilitate comic book professionals' involvement. Marriott International Marriott International, Inc. is an American multinational company that operates, franchises, and licenses lodging brands that include hotel , residential, and timeshare properties. Marriott International owns over 36 hotel and timeshare brands with 9,000 locations and 1,597,380 rooms across its network (as of 2023). Marriott International
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#1732788092926672-500: Is listed at the top of the World's 15 Most Expensive Hotel Suites list compiled by CNN in 2012. Barbara Kesel Barbara Randall Kesel (born October 2, 1960) is an American writer and editor of comic books . Her bibliography includes work for Crossgen , Dark Horse Comics , DC Comics , IDW Publishing , Image Comics , and Marvel Comics . Barbara Kesel initially entered the comics industry as college student after writing
728-720: The Captain America / Citizen V Annual '98 . Kesel also returned to DC and wrote the Alpha Centurion Special (1996), several Superboy issues (1997), and the 'Girlfrenzy!'-oneshot Superman: Lois Lane as well as the Elseworld's Finest: Supergirl & Batgirl one-shot in 1998. She worked as both a writer and an editor at CrossGen from 2000 to 2004 where she scripted the series Meridian , The First , Sigil and Solus as well as issues of CrossGen Chronicles . In 2007, Tokopop released
784-805: The American Hotel and Lodging Association and Ryman Hospitality Properties responded by unsuccessfully petitioning the FCC to change the rules to allow them to continue jamming client-owned networks, a position which they were forced to abandon in early 2015 in response to backlash from clients, mainstream media, major technology companies, and mobile carriers. The incident drew unfavorable publicity to Marriott's practice of charging exorbitant fees for Wi-Fi . On April 1, 2015, Marriott acquired Canadian hotel chain Delta Hotels , which operated 38 hotels at that time. On November 16, 2015, Marriott announced
840-577: The Bible . Marriott Corporation was founded by John Willard Marriott in 1927 when he and his wife, Alice Marriott, opened a root beer stand in Washington, D.C. After serving a mission for The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in New England, Marriott traveled to Washington, D.C. where he experienced the humid summer weather of the city. Marriott was convinced that what residents of
896-584: The World Uyghur Congress at one of its properties in Prague, citing reasons of "political neutrality". In August 2022, employees began moving into the company's new 21-story, 785,000-square-foot headquarters building on Wisconsin Avenue , ahead of an official opening on September 21. The new building was constructed over four years as part of a $ 600 million downtown Bethesda campus, together with
952-548: The 53 entities that contributed the maximum of $ 250,000 to the Second inauguration of George W. Bush . On July 19, 2006, Marriott implemented a smoking ban in all buildings it operated in the United States and Canada effective September 2006. In 2007, Marriott became the first hotel chain to serve food that is completely free of trans fats at all of its North American properties. Hotels franchised or operated by
1008-559: The Avendra hotel chain violated West Virginia law by contracting with vendors and receiving "sponsorship fees" from them to provide services to Town Hotels, when according to the contract, Marriott was forbidden to profit from the contract except for management fees. In 2004, the company sold its right to the Ramada brand to Cendant , acquired in 1997. In 2005, Marriott International and Marriott Vacation Club International were two of
1064-915: The Lim Company from renting the hotel to the National Health Fund for doctors' housing or contracting for advertising deals until the Lim Company would pay unwarranted bonuses to Marriott. Also in the same year, on May 1, Marriott announced that it completed the acquisition of Mexican hotelier Hoteles City Express. By this move, Marriott officially entered the affordable midscale-segment under City Express by Marriott brands. The company also launched another brand focusing on budget extended stays called StudioRes in August, and an extension to its Four Points by Sheraton brand called Four Points Express in September. In August 2024, Marriott announced
1120-660: The Sheraton Towers, as the ITT Sheraton Luxury Collection . In February 1994, ITT Sheraton Hotels and Resorts acquired a controlling interest in CIGA (Compagnia Italiana Grandi Alberghi, or Italian Grand Hotels Company), an Italian international hotel chain that owned several luxury properties in Europe. The majority of the CIGA hotels were folded into The Luxury Collection. CIGA's original logo,
1176-475: The Study of Comics with highly acclaimed comics professional Will Eisner and noted comics scholar Scott McCloud as respondents. Comics creator Leonard Rifas presented a talk on Fredric Wertham , to which Stephen R. Bissette and R. C. Harvey responded. Over time, CAC has evolved and expanded, introducing seminars, poster sessions , and roundtable discussions on topics ranging from the superhero genre as
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#17327880929261232-662: The U.S. Tax Code. Effective March 31, 2012, Bill Marriott assumed the role of executive chairman of the company and relinquished the role of chief executive officer to Arne Sorenson . In December 2012, Guinness World Records recognized the JW Marriott Marquis Dubai , a five star hotel , as the tallest hotel in the world. In 2013, the owners of the Madison 92nd Street Associates LLC, who contracted with Marriott to manage their hotel, sued Marriott for $ 400 million, alleging that Marriott had conspired with
1288-460: The acquisition of Starwood for $ 13 billion. A higher offer for Starwood at $ 14 billion from a consortium led by China's Anbang Insurance Group was announced March 3, 2016. After Marriott raised its bid to $ 13.6 billion on March 21, Starwood terminated the Anbang agreement and proceeded with the merger with Marriott. Following receipt of regulatory approvals, Marriott closed
1344-582: The adjacent Marriott Bethesda Downtown hotel. In 2023, a criminal investigation was opened against Marriott in Poland , claiming that it acted fraudulently and unethically against the Lim company, the owner of a Warsaw hotel. During the COVID-19 period, Marriott would not keep up the hotel's maintenance and shifted the costs of maintaining the empty hotel to the Lim Company. At the same time Marriott prevented
1400-423: The adventure novel series Rogue Angel and the comic adaptation of the animated film Igor . In 2015, she wrote a Wonder Woman story for DC's digital series Sensation Comics , later published in print as Sensation Comics #13. When fellow comic book writer Kurt Busiek put together creative teams for the eight standalone, oversized issues of his Marvels Snapshots series, he hired Barbara Kesel to write
1456-555: The brand. Amongst its several most notable hotels are Hotel Alfonso XIII , Gritti Palace Hotel , IVY Hotel + Residences , Hotel Imperial , ITC Grand Chola , Marqués de Riscal Hotel , The Nines , Palace Hotel, San Francisco , The Park Tower Knightsbridge Hotel , Phoenician Resort , Hotel President Wilson , The St. Anthony Hotel , and Royal Hawaiian Hotel . The Royal Penthouse Suite at Hotel President Wilson in Geneva , part of The Luxury Collection, billed at US$ 65,000 per night,
1512-448: The breach. Australia's Information Commissioner served Marriott an 'enforceable undertaking' to improve their security. In 2019 and 2021, Marriott faced an investigation and a class action lawsuit in the US for its practice of charging resort fees that were not included in the room price, with the services included in these "resort fees" unclear. This method is prohibited in many parts of
1568-471: The city needed was a place to get a cool drink, and so after returning to Utah and graduating from The University of Utah, Marriott purchased the rights to franchise an A&W root beer stand in Columbia Heights. The first summer saw brisk business, but as cold weather approached they realized the seasonal nature of their business and received permission from A&W to start selling food. He named
1624-512: The comics industry. The first conference, in 1992, featured contributions from Will Eisner and a presentation by noted professional Steve Bissette entitled Journey into Fear: The History and Heritage of the Horror Comic . It also saw a preview by Scott McCloud of his then-up-coming masterwork Understanding Comics . Eisner and McCloud became semi-regular attendees in subsequent years, including 2002 when they joined Robert C. Harvey for
1680-552: The company acquired the Renaissance Hotels and Ramada brands from Chow Tai Fook Group and its associate company, New World Development . Marriott International also signed an agreement to manage hotels owned by New World Development. The same year the company also got into the home cleaning business by starting a new venture dubbed HomeSolutions. In 2001, the Marriott World Trade Center
1736-506: The company were affected by the 2003 Marriott Hotel bombing , the Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing in 2008, and the 2009 Jakarta bombings . On November 11, 2010, Marriott announced plans to add over 600 hotel properties by 2015, primarily in emerging markets : India, where it planned to have 100 hotel properties, China, and Southeast Asia. On January 21, 2011, Marriott said that adult movies would not be included in
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1792-432: The country's Communist-controlled civilian spy agency. Initially, Marriott said that 500 million customers' personal information had been exposed. In January 2019, the company updated the number of guests affected to "less than 383 million" customers, and claimed many of the customer's payment cards had expired. The UK Information Commissioner's Office fined Marriott £18 million for breaches to GDPR law that contributed to
1848-679: The entertainment offered at new hotels, which would use an Internet-based video on demand system. In 2011, Mitt Romney received $ 260,390 in director's fees from Marriott International, despite the fact that he had already stepped down from the board of directors to run for President of the United States . His released 2010 tax returns showed earnings in 2010 of $ 113,881 in director's fees from Marriott. In February 2012, Bloomberg News reported on Romney's years overseeing tax matters for Marriott, which had included several "scams" (quoting John McCain ) and legal actions brought against Marriott, which Marriott lost in court, over its manipulations of
1904-519: The first issue starring the 1980s Avengers which was published in 2021. Currently (in 2022), she's working for tech-startup Urus Entertainment, creating a forthcoming new twist on comics. Kesel is an outspoken opponent of sexism in the comic book industry. She is known for her strong female characters and created Grace , the ruler of the Golden City location in Comics' Greatest World . She
1960-515: The first volume of Legends of the Dark Crystal , an OEL manga based on Jim Henson 's film The Dark Crystal , written by Kesel. Volume 2 was published in 2010. As of 2008, she was part of the packaging company "The Pack" with Lee Nordling, Brian Augustyn , Gordon Kent, and Dave Olbrich . The same year, Barbara Kesel began to work for IDW Publishing , writing a four-part Ghostwhisperer comic miniseries, another miniseries based on
2016-543: The following brands internationally. The Luxury Collection is a brand of Marriott International for luxury properties. It is notable as the first "soft brand" hotel chain. Most hotels of the brand are located in converted historic buildings, including palaces or older hotels. The brand also enlists notable designers to craft luxury travel accessories that are available exclusively on the brand's website. The Luxury Collection brand began on January 13, 1992, when ITT Sheraton designated 28 of its most expensive hotels and 33 of
2072-628: The four horses of St. Mark, was kept for The Luxury Collection brand logo until 2010; each Luxury Collection hotel now uses its own logo. In 2011, it embarked on an advertising campaign. In 2012, the brand announced a major expansion in Asia, particularly in China. Also in 2014, the brand signed Danish supermodel Helena Christensen as spokesperson. In 2015, the company launched a $ 700 million program to renovate properties. As of December 31, 2020, there were 118 hotels comprising 23,243 rooms operating under
2128-403: The merger with Starwood on September 23, 2016, creating the world's largest hotel company with over 5700 properties, 1.1 million rooms, and a portfolio of 30 brands. The Starwood acquisition gave Marriott a larger non-US presence; approximately 75% of Starwood's revenues were from non-US markets. On November 30, 2018, Marriott disclosed that the former Starwood brands had been subject to
2184-524: The money to CTF Hotel. CTF Hotel also accused Marriott of accepting bribes from suppliers. In 2003, the company completed the corporate spin-off of its senior living properties (now part of Sunrise Senior Living ) and Marriott Distribution Services. In the same year, the owners of the Marriott-operated, Town Hotels, sued Marriott for breach of contract , breach of fiduciary duty, negligence , and fraud . They claimed that Marriott along with
2240-409: The pandemic, global occupancy fell as low as 31%. President and CEO Arne Sorenson died on February 15, 2021, from pancreatic cancer . On February 23, 2021, Anthony Capuano was appointed to fill Sorensen's vacancy as CEO and Director, having previously served as Marriott's group president of global development, design and operations. In November 2021, the company was criticized for refusing to host
2296-533: The parent company of the Six Flags Corporation (both are now owned by Six Flags). Marriott International, Inc. was formed in 1993 when Marriott Corporation split into two companies: Marriott International, Inc., which franchises and manages properties, and Host Marriott Corporation (now Host Hotels & Resorts ), which owns properties. In 1995, Marriott was the first hotel company to offer online reservations. In April 1995, Marriott acquired
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2352-468: The participation of academic, independent, and fan scholars. They welcome professionals from all areas of the comics industry, including creators, editors, publishers, retailers, distributors, and journalists. Presentations include academic papers as well as less formal panels, poster sessions, and slide talks. CAC encourages professional debate by inviting scholars and professionals to participate as respondents to presentations. Papers and respondents come from
2408-460: The restaurant Hot Shoppes and watched as it grew in popularity. Always looking for new ways to improve his company, he bought the vacant lot next to one of his Hot Shoppes, removed the curb, and began offering the first drive-in service on the East Coast. This move popularized the restaurants, and by 1932, the Marriott's owned 7 Hot Shoppes in the D.C. area. In 1953, Hot Shoppes, Inc. became
2464-951: The tenth-anniversary Comic Arts Conference in a wide-ranging discussion entitled Eisner, Harvey, and McCloud Ten Years Later: The Dialogue Continues . Over the years, other noted industry professionals who have taken part include Jessica Abel , Scott Allie , Donna Barr , Amber Benson , Kurt Busiek , Amy Chu , Steve Englehart , Jane Espenson , Michael Eury , Danny Fingeroth , Christos Gage , Rick Geary , Phil Jiminez , Michael William Kaluta , Arie Kaplan , Barbara Kesel , Chip Kidd , Matt Kindt , Hope Larson , Paul Levitz , Steve Lieber , Marjorie Liu , Jean-Marc Lofficier , David Lloyd , Jay Lynch , Heidi MacDonald , Scott McCloud , Don McGregor , Lee Meriwether , Dennis O'Neil , David Peterson , Jerry Robinson , Trina Robbins , Peter Sanderson , Seth , Gail Simone , J. Michael Straczynski , Michael Uslan , Rick Veitch , Mark Waid , Len Wein , Adam West , and Bill Willingham . The conference
2520-830: The workers' committee. They claimed that Marriott allowed the workers to unionize at the Madison-owned hotel in exchange for not unionizing at Marriott's flagship hotels. On October 3, 2014, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) fined Marriott $ 600,000 for unlawful use of a "containment" feature of a Wi-Fi monitoring system to deliberately interfere with client-owned networks in the convention space of its Gaylord Opryland Resort & Convention Center in Nashville . The scheme disrupted operation of clients' mobile phone hotspots via Wi-Fi deauthentication attacks . Marriott International, Inc.,
2576-660: The world and is known as " drip pricing ". In December 2019, the company acquired Elegant Hotels, operator of 7 hotels in Barbados . In February 2020, the company discovered a data breach that included the theft of contact information for 5.2 million customers. In April 2020, during the COVID-19 pandemic , the company instituted additional cleanliness standards, including requiring the use of electrostatic sprayers with disinfectant , adding disinfecting wipes in all hotel rooms, and removing or re-arranging furniture in public areas to allow more space for social distancing . During
2632-548: Was destroyed during the September 11 attacks . In 2002, CTF Hotel Holdings Inc. , a company that owns a hotel in Hong Kong managed by Marriott, sued Marriott alleging that Marriott engaged in extortion and bribery. According to the allegations, Marriott contracted to receive audio-visual services from Molloy. Marriott paid an inflated amount to Molloy and pocketed the 1.7 million dollars above its fee. Marriott had to return
2688-503: Was formed in 1993 when Marriott Corporation split into two companies: Marriott International, Inc., which franchises and manages properties, and Host Marriott Corporation (now Host Hotels & Resorts ), which owns properties. Since the founders were missionaries of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , copies of the Book of Mormon are provided in hotel rooms in addition to
2744-524: Was formed in the February 2019 merger of its three former rewards programs: Marriott Rewards, Ritz-Carlton Rewards, and Starwood Preferred Guest. Starwood Preferred Guest (also known as SPG) was founded in 1999 as the first in the industry to enforce a policy of no blackout dates, no capacity controls, and online redemption. In 2012, Starwood Preferred Guest began offering lifetime status and a dedicated Starwood ambassador for loyal members. Ritz-Carlton Rewards
2800-501: Was founded in 2010. Members were able to receive air miles instead of reward points and able to earn ten points (or two miles) for every dollar spent on any Ritz-Carlton room rates. Despite the restriction of membership to only one of the two programs, members of Ritz-Carlton Rewards were able to earn points in other Marriott hotels, while Marriott Rewards members were able to earn points at a Ritz-Carlton. As of 2024, Marriott International operates hotels, resorts and other properties under
2856-418: Was married to fellow comic book writer Karl Kesel but they have since divorced. Kesel has been nominated for the 1991 " Best Editor " Eisner Award for Badlands , Aliens : Genocide and Star Wars . In 1995, she was nominated for "Best Anthology" and "Best Graphic Album of Previously Published Material" Harvey Awards for, respectively, Instant Piano and Hellboy: Seed of Destruction . She won
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#17327880929262912-435: Was named his successor in 2021. The current practice is members of the Marriott family are named chairman while other company executives are named as chief executive. Marriott International reported Total CO2e emissions (Direct + Indirect) for the twelve months ending 31 December 2020 at 5,166 Kt (-1,643 /-24.1% y-o-y) and aims to reach net zero emissions by 2050. Marriott Bonvoy is Marriott's current loyalty program and
2968-457: Was part of Team CGW , responsible for most of the design and creation of the setting and characters in the Golden City location. In the second half of the 1990s, she also wrote for Image Comics, scripting all seven issues of Savant Garde , the miniseries Shattered Image with fellow writer Kurt Busiek , and issues of Stormwatch and WildC.A.T.s . For Marvel Comics, Kesel wrote the limited series Ultragirl (1996–1997) and (with Karl Kesel)
3024-535: Was promoted to editor the following year. In 1988, she wrote a Batgirl Special and then co-wrote, with her then-husband Karl Kesel , a Hawk and Dove miniseries, followed by an ongoing series that ran from 1989 until 1991. As a solo writer, Barbara Kesel scripted the licensed Dungeons & Dragons series Spelljammer in 1990–1991 and an adaptation of the D&D novel trilogy Avatar in 1991. She became an editor at Dark Horse Comics in 1991 and later
3080-731: Was renamed the Marriott Corporation in 1967. In 1972, the Marriott lodging division acquired the Greek-based Sun Line cruise line, which it owned until 1987. In 1976, the company opened two theme parks, each named Marriott's Great America, in California and Illinois . Marriott sold the parks in 1984, with the California park bought by the City of Santa Clara and the Illinois park bought by Bally Manufacturing , then
3136-399: Was repeated in February, 2008, and was intended as a move toward permanently running the conference semi-annually, moving with WonderCon from San Francisco to Anaheim. To addition to invited speakers, the conference accepts submissions from anyone in the form of on a wide variety of topics. CAC organizers seek proposals from a broad range of disciplinary and theoretical perspectives, welcoming
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