In genetics , concordance is the probability that a pair of individuals will both have a certain characteristic ( phenotypic trait ) given that one of the pair has the characteristic. Concordance can be measured with concordance rates , reflecting the odds of one person having the trait if the other does. Important clinical examples include the chance of offspring having a certain disease if the mother has it, if the father has it, or if both parents have it. Concordance among siblings is similarly of interest: what are the odds of a subsequent offspring having the disease if an older child does? In research , concordance is often discussed in the context of both members of a pair of twins . Twins are concordant when both have or both lack a given trait. The ideal example of concordance is that of identical twins , because the genome is the same, an equivalence that helps in discovering causation via deconfounding , regarding genetic effects versus epigenetic and environmental effects ( nature versus nurture ).
12-570: [REDACTED] Look up concordance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Concordance may refer to: Agreement (linguistics) , a form of cross-reference between different parts of a sentence or phrase Bible concordance , an alphabetical listing of terms in the Bible Concordant coastline , in geology, where beds, or layers, of differing rock types form ridges that run parallel to
24-434: A genetic pattern carried by one would very likely also be carried by the other. If a characteristic identified in one twin is caused by a certain gene, then it would also very likely be present in the other twin. Thus, the concordance rate of a given characteristic helps suggest whether or to what extent a characteristic is related to genetics. There are several problems with this assumption: In genotyping studies where DNA
36-496: A relation between mathematical links in knot theory Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Concordance . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Concordance&oldid=1070889480 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
48-496: A relation between mathematical links in knot theory Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Concordance . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Concordance&oldid=1070889480 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
60-437: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages concordance [REDACTED] Look up concordance in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. Concordance may refer to: Agreement (linguistics) , a form of cross-reference between different parts of a sentence or phrase Bible concordance , an alphabetical listing of terms in
72-480: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Concordance (genetics) In contrast, discordance occurs when a similar trait is not shared by the persons. Studies of twins have shown that genetic traits of monozygotic twins are fully concordant, whereas in dizygotic twins , half of genetic traits are concordant, while the other half are discordant. Discordant rates that are higher than concordant rates express
84-404: Is directly assayed for positions of variance (see SNP ), concordance is a measure of the percentage of SNPs that are measured as identical. Samples from the same individual or identical twins theoretically have a concordance of 100%, but due to assaying errors and somatic mutations , they are usually found in the range of 99% to 99.95%. Concordance can therefore be used as a method of assessing
96-674: The Bible Concordant coastline , in geology, where beds, or layers, of differing rock types form ridges that run parallel to the coast Concordant pair , in statistics Concordance (publishing) , a list of words used in a body of work, with their immediate contexts Concordance (genetics) , the presence of the same trait in both members of a pair of twins (or set of individuals) Concordance (medicine) , involvement of patients in decision-making to improve patient compliance with medical advice Concordance of evidence , in law, science, history, etc. Concordance system , in Swiss politics,
108-493: The coast Concordant pair , in statistics Concordance (publishing) , a list of words used in a body of work, with their immediate contexts Concordance (genetics) , the presence of the same trait in both members of a pair of twins (or set of individuals) Concordance (medicine) , involvement of patients in decision-making to improve patient compliance with medical advice Concordance of evidence , in law, science, history, etc. Concordance system , in Swiss politics,
120-533: The influence of the environment on twin traits. A twin study compares the concordance rate of identical twins to that of fraternal twins. This can help suggest whether a disease or a certain trait has a genetic cause. Controversial uses of twin data have looked at concordance rates for homosexuality and intelligence . Other studies have involved looking at the genetic and environmental factors that can lead to increased LDL in women twins. Because identical twins are genetically virtually identical, it follows that
132-530: The presence of all major parties in the Federal Council Concordance correlation coefficient , in statistics, a measurement of the agreement between two variables Concordance database , a database tailored to legal applications and distributed by LexisNexis Inter-rater reliability , in statistics, the degree to which multiple measurements of the same thing are similar Lambda-CDM model of big-bang cosmology Link concordance ,
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#1732782460450144-449: The presence of all major parties in the Federal Council Concordance correlation coefficient , in statistics, a measurement of the agreement between two variables Concordance database , a database tailored to legal applications and distributed by LexisNexis Inter-rater reliability , in statistics, the degree to which multiple measurements of the same thing are similar Lambda-CDM model of big-bang cosmology Link concordance ,
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