Lai Ching-te ( DPP )
91-1182: Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
182-470: A New York Mets game, celebrating the 16th annual Mets Taiwan Day. On 17 August 2022, in the aftermath of then Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Nancy Pelosi 's visit to Taiwan on 2–3 August, China blacklisted seven Taiwanese officials including Hsiao due to their alleged support for Taiwanese independence . The blacklist bans them from entering mainland China and
273-635: A 1994 constitutional amendment, the Assembly essentially became a permanent constituent assembly , as the Assembly's other major role, to elect the President and Vice President of the Republic of China, was abolished. Direct elections for the president, vice president, and Assembly were held simultaneously in March 1996. However, these reforms granted it new functions, such as hearing the president's State of
364-615: A Constitutional Court ( Judicial Yuan ) ruling on June 21, 1991, that ordered the retirement of all members with extended terms by the end of 1991. Timeline of Control Yuan elections and terms The President and Vice President of the Control Yuan in the Nationalist government era were appointed by the Kuomintang (Nationalist Party). Hsiao Bi-khim Hsiao Bi-khim (born Bi-khim Louise Hsiao ; 7 August 1971)
455-676: A Taiwanese father and an American mother, Hsiao grew up in Tainan , Taiwan , before moving to the United States . She graduated from Oberlin College and Columbia University with a master's degree in political science. A member of the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), she is an important figure in the party's foreign policy circles. She formerly served as a vice president of Liberal International . Hsiao
546-400: A convenor amongst themselves to chair committee meetings. The following responsibilities were also assigned by various acts. The National Human Rights Committee is a ten-member committee under the Control Yuan which investigates human rights abuses, proposes human rights laws, compiles an annual report and promotes human rights education. The President of the Control Yuan must be a member of
637-626: A council with 29 members, including a President and a Vice President and the National Audit Office. All 29 members and the auditor-general are nominated by the President of the Republic and approved by Legislative Yuan for 6-year terms. The incumbent 6th Control Yuan was nominated by President Tsai Ing-wen on June 22, 2020 and later confirmed by Legislative Yuan on July 17, 2020. Members inaugurated on August 1, 2020, and their terms expire on July 31, 2026. The council of
728-639: A formality, but a number of unexpected complications occurred in 2005. The first was the poor showing of the People First Party (PFP) in the 2004 Legislative Yuan election . The PFP was widely expected to merge with the KMT, but PFP Chairman James Soong became disenchanted by the idea. The second was the reluctance of the Taiwan Solidarity Union to pass the amendments. These amendments were seen by some Taiwan independence supporters as
819-551: A majority of all voters approve the amendment allows for a party to block an amendment by boycotting the vote as was done with the referendums voted on alongside the March 2004 presidential elections. Under the Constitution at the time, the National Assembly must then be elected to consider these amendments. Such consideration and eventual ratification of the constitutional amendments was originally considered to be
910-637: A majority vote by members of investigation committee. Successful impeachment cases will then be forwarded to the Disciplinary Court ( 懲戒法院 ) under the Judicial Yuan for adjudication. However, the impeachment of the President or Vice President shall be initiated by Legislative Yuan (parliament) and adjudicate by the Constitutional Court under the Judicial Yuan . Details regarding impeachment proceedings are stipulated in
1001-613: A number of issues in the legislature, notably women's rights , the rights of foreigners in Taiwan, and other human rights . Hsiao supported amending the Nationality Law to allow individuals born to at least one parent of ROC nationality to also claim ROC nationality irrespective of age, and has also proposed and cosponsored anti-discrimination and anti-domestic violence amendments to the Immigration Act. She has also been
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#17327652102641092-501: A period of 180 days and then submitted to a referendum, in which a simple majority of all eligible voters shall be sufficient to ratify the amendments. A Democratic Progressive Party proposal authorizing citizens' initiative rights to propose constitutional amendments was withdrawn after it became clear that such a proposal would not pass the Legislative Yuan. Opponents of such constitutional reforms argued that by eliminating
1183-451: A prelude to a later declaration of independence, but the results of the 2004 election made this very unlikely. Faced with this outcome, the TSU became very reluctant to support a reform that would make elections by small parties such as itself harder. Another unexpected event occurred which gave the National Assembly elections on 14 May 2005 more significance than had been intended: the election
1274-809: A proponent of animal rights , proposing amendments to the Animal Protection Act, and also pushed for the passage of the Sexual Harassment Prevention Act in January 2005. In May 2005, Hsiao represented the DPP at the annual congress of Liberal International in Sofia , Bulgaria , during which she was elected a vice-president of the organization. Hsiao alleged that she and other DPP representatives were followed throughout their visit to Bulgaria by two unidentified persons sent by
1365-574: A result of World War II , the Republic of China Armed Forces occupied Taiwan on behalf of the Allies . The government established Taiwan Province to mark its annexation of Taiwan . There were 104 members who retreated to Taiwan with the government, including 5 senators from Taiwan. The Control Yuan occupied the former governmental building of Taihoku Prefecture in the Japanese era . The term of
1456-485: A result of this decision, the same National Assembly, elected in 1947, remained for 44 years until 1991, when as part of a constitutional ruling a Second National Assembly was elected . There was strong objection to the Assembly, which was derisively called the " Ten-thousand-year Congress " by critics. Shortly after passing constitutional reforms in 1991, the National Assembly held direct elections in December. Following
1547-517: A result, the Judicial Yuan decided that the original members of the National Assembly representing Communist-controlled constituencies must continue to hold office until new elections could be held. National Assembly elections were still held in territories under ROC control . In accordance with the 76th interpretation of the 1947 Constitution by the Judicial Yuan in 1957, the NA formed part of
1638-547: A series of constitutional amendments as Additional Articles of the Constitution in the 1990s and early 2000s. The series of constitutional amendments coined the Additional Articles of the Constitution as the current fundamental law of Taiwan . During the evolution of the Additional Articles, the National Assembly also held the power to confirm some important governmental officers to maintain
1729-454: A series of amendments that included dissolution of the National Assembly. The purpose of this proposal is to transfer power to ratify constitutional amendments and territorial amendments from the National Assembly to the people. Under the amendments, subsequent proposed amendments are to be approved by three-fourths of the present members in the Legislative Yuan, with at least three-fourths of all members present. It would then be promulgated for
1820-459: A three-chamber tricameral parliament together with the Legislative and Control Yuans and was the senior most chamber of parliament, with the latter two performing regular legislative work in the absence of the Assembly. During the years when it elected or recalled the president and vice president, it acted as an electoral college with all its county representatives serving as electors. As
1911-646: A “diehard ‘ Taiwan independence ’ separatist”, and that there should be no form of contact between US government officials and Hsiao. Later on the same month, Hsiao visited Czech Republic where she was invited to speak at the Czech think tank Sinopsis. In response to her visit to the Czech Republic, Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Lin Jian stated that the Czech government should "severely restrain certain (Czech) politicians" and "take effective measures to remove
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#17327652102642002-686: Is a Taiwanese politician and diplomat who has been the 13th and current vice president of the Republic of China since 2024, serving under President Lai Ching-te . She is Taiwan's first biracial vice president. She was the Taiwanese representative to the United States from 2020 to 2023, and formerly served as a legislator of the Legislative Yuan from 2002 to 2008 and again between 2012 and 2020. Born in Kōbe , Hyōgo Prefecture , Japan , to
2093-827: Is also vice chairman of the Taiwan Tibet Exchange Foundation, a member of the board of trustees of the Taiwan Foundation for Democracy, a member of the executive committee of the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats , and a founding member of the Taiwan Association for Women in Sport (台灣女子體育運動協會). From 2010, Hsiao spent a decade representing the DPP in Hualien County , a strongly pro-Kuomintang conservative region. In
2184-491: Is headed by an auditor-general who is nominated by the President of the Republic and appointed with consent of Legislative Yuan (parliament), exercises the Control Yuan's power of audit. It consists of five departments: In addition, most local governments have established the Audit Divisions/Offices, these serve as the subordinate agencies of the National Audit Office. Currently, 21 local governments of
2275-511: The Civil War and retreated to Taiwan . The National Assembly resumed its meeting in Taipei in 1954. In the 1990s, its parliamentary powers were gradually transferred to the Legislative Yuan and direct democracy exercised by the de facto residents before constitutional amendments made it a dormant body in 2000 and de facto dissolved in 2005. Calls for a National Assembly were part of
2366-421: The Judicial Yuan 's interpretation number 76 of the Constitution in 1957. The Control Yuan was given the power to request documents from other government agencies and investigate them for violations of law or neglect as under Sun Yat-sen 's ideology. The auditor-general was considered elected by the Control Yuan, who shall be nominated by the President of the Republic with consent of the Legislative Yuan , who
2457-570: The National Assembly . However, the later political developments in Taiwan has inclined to simplify the parliament to one chamber . The Legislative Yuan was the surviving chamber and the National Assembly was then abolished. Since 25 April 2000, confirmation of leaders and members of the Control Yuan are transferred to Legislative Yuan , together with the confirmation of similar officials of Judicial Yuan and Examination Yuan . At
2548-550: The Paris Principles . The committee will consist of 10 members, one of which is the President of the Control Yuan who heads the committee. It launched on August 1, 2020, with former democracy activist Chen Chu as president. Kuomintang member Justin Huang was discussed as a potential vice-president, but he declined the position after receiving criticism from both the KMT for crossing party lines without consultation and
2639-638: The People's Republic of China embassy in Sofia. The same month, Hsiao also started a campaign to encourage Taiwanese baseball fans to write e-mails to the New York Yankees to ask them to keep Taiwanese pitcher Chien-Ming Wang at the major league level . Hsiao was one of the DPP lawmakers targeted by some party supporters as being insufficiently loyal, with a pro-independence radio show dubbing her "Chinese Khim" (中國琴) in March 2007, charging that she
2730-518: The President and Vice President of the Control Yuan were to be elected by and from the members like the speaker of many other parliamentary bodies worldwide. Following the promulgation of the Constitution , the 178 first Control Yuan senators elected by the regional legislatures convened in Nanking on June 4, 1948, for the opening of their chamber. The first Control Yuan then confirmed
2821-493: The President of the Republic and confirmation by the National Assembly . The National Assembly was another parliament chamber that can hold the confirmation process to maintain the separation of powers . On 18 July 1997, by the 4th constitutional amendment , the procedure to impeach the President and Vice President of the Republic was transferred out from the Control Yuan. In this amendment, presidential impeachment shall be initiated by Legislative Yuan and voted by
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2912-592: The Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau , and restricts them from working with Chinese officials. Chinese state-run tabloid Global Times labelled Hsiao and the six officials as "diehard secessionists". In April 2023, Hsiao was sanctioned by China for the second time in aftermath of the meeting between President of Taiwan Tsai Ing-wen and then Speaker of the United States House of Representatives Kevin McCarthy in
3003-633: The United States as a teenager and graduated from Montclair High School in Montclair, New Jersey . Hsiao graduated from Oberlin College in 1993 with a Bachelor of Arts in East Asian studies. She then did graduate study in political science at Columbia University and received a Master of Arts in 1995. In the United States, Hsiao became active with the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) representative office in
3094-492: The United States Senate , which allocated a similar number of seats to each province of China and holds the power to confirm many important public positions in the Judicial Yuan and Examination Yuan appointed by the President of the Republic . In the 1947 constitution, the Control Yuan, together with National Assembly and Legislative Yuan , thus formed chambers of a tricameral parliament according to
3185-625: The Warlord Era with the interference of military power toward the constitution suppressed the authority and the reputation of the National Assembly. The Chinese social and political science review quoted the institution's English name as National People's Congress during the drafting of constitution. In 1946, the Constituent Assembly promulgated a new constitution and the first National Assembly met in 1948 in Nanjing ,
3276-648: The World Health Assembly , Hsiao called for Taiwan's inclusion in the forum at the Aesthetic Medicine World Congress and Taiwan Dermatology Aesthetics Conference in Taipei. In August 2024, China's Taiwan Affairs Office added a new section to its website, listing 10 Taiwanese politicians and officials including Hsiao as "die-hard Taiwanese independence separatists." In response, Taiwan's Mainland Affairs Council criticized
3367-532: The inauguration of US President Joe Biden , the first time Taiwan's US representative had officially attended a US presidential inauguration since the US broke off diplomatic relations with Taiwan in 1979. Standing in front of the US Capitol at the inauguration, she said "Democracy is our common language and freedom is our common objective." On Taiwan National Day 2021, Hsiao threw the ceremonial first pitch before
3458-461: The separation of powers during the government reorganization. The Kuomintang-led government of the Republic of China retreated to Taiwan in 1949, two years after the first election was held in China . As Kuomintang insists to claim the sovereignty over the whole China , the term of the members were extended until "re-election is possible in their original electoral district ." In response to
3549-403: The 1990s, the Control Yuan, along with National Assembly (electoral college) and the Legislative Yuan (lower house) formed the national tricameral parliament. It functioned similarly to an upper house of a bicameral legislature, though it formed its own separate branch and was indirectly elected by provincial or municipal legislatures with 178 senators elected. The Control Yuan consists of
3640-441: The 22 administrative divisions of Taiwan have Audit Divisions/Offices (except Lienchiang County ). The Control Yuan is responsible to investigate possible violations on laws and regulations of public servants and raise impeachments if needed. Investigations are initiated by at least two members, and investigation committees must consist of at least nine members of the Control Yuan. The impeachment cases would be determined by
3731-423: The 3/4 legislative vote requirement, a relatively small number of voters could force a referendum on Taiwan independence which would trigger a crisis with the People's Republic of China . By contrast, keeping the 3/4 legislative vote requirement would mean that any constitutional amendment would require a consensus among both the pan-green coalition and pan-blue coalition to be considered. The requirement that
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3822-592: The Board of Public Censors ( 都察院 ) selected under the Ming ( 明 ) and Qing ( 清 ) dynasties. Most of these offices also operated local and provincial branches to supervise local governments. Under the Qing dynasty , the Board of Public Censors consisted of forty or fifty members, and two presidents, one of Manchu ancestry and the other of Han Chinese ancestry. They were, in theory, allowed to send one censor to participate in
3913-633: The Chinese capital. Apart from the KMT, the only legal parties were the Democratic Socialist Party and the Youth Party . Under the constitution, the main duty of the National Assembly was to elect the President and Vice President for terms of six years. It also had the right to recall or impeach the President and Vice President if they failed to fulfill their political responsibilities. According to "National Assembly Duties Act",
4004-584: The Constitution draft in the Political Consultative Assembly, considered the fact that the supervision and auditing power is traditionally held by the legislature , and also the proposal of federalism from the Communist Party in the drafting process. He designed the Control Yuan to be a chamber of parliament that is indirectly elected by the provincial legislatures of China . The Control Yuan has some similarities to
4095-502: The DPP for his role in the construction of the Taitung Miramar Resort while he was county magistrate, for which the county government was censured by the Control Yuan. The Kuomintang -led government of the Republic of China retreated to Taiwan in 1949, the year following the elections after the enactment of the 1947 constitution. As the Kuomintang government continues to claim sovereignty over mainland China ,
4186-664: The DPP’s third consecutive presidential race victory. In March 2024, she made a personal visit to the United States, her first foreign travel since being elected as the vice president. In response to her visit, the spokesperson of the Embassy of the People's Republic of China in the United States Liu Pengyu said that "Beijing firmly opposed any visit by Hsiao to the US in any name or under whatever pretext" and called Hsiao
4277-613: The Enforcement Rules of the Control Act. The concept of Control Yuan was introduced by Sun Yat-sen 's Three Principles of the People . The theory proposed a separation of powers into five branches ( 五院 ; wǔyuàn ; gō͘-īⁿ ). Sun Yat-sen demonstrated the benefit of separating the supervision and auditing power from the legislature by the designation of the state organs of the Imperial China . He quotes
4368-490: The Legislative Yuan upon the end of her term in 2020, and was subsequently named an adviser to the National Security Council in March 2020. That June, Hsiao was appointed Taiwan's representative to the United States. She succeeded Stanley Kao , and was the first woman to assume the role. Hsiao was sworn in to the office on 20 July 2020. On 20 January 2021, Hsiao was officially invited to and attended
4459-669: The NA served as a counterpart to the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union , with a Presidium of the National Assembly governing over its activities. In 1949, the Chinese Communist Party won the Chinese Civil War and mainland China became the People's Republic of China. The National Assembly (along with the entire ROC government ) was relocated to Taipei . The Assembly's right to legislate
4550-404: The Nation Address and approving the president's nominations of the grand justices and the heads of the Examination and Control Yuans. Following the assembly's abolition, these functions are now in the hands of the Legislative Yuan. In 1999, the Assembly passed constitutional amendments which would link its election and term with the Legislative Yuan. Part of these amendments' effect was to extend
4641-422: The National Assembly could amend the constitution with a two-thirds majority, with at least three-quarters membership present, as well as to ratify constitutional amendments proposed by deputies of the Legislative Yuan . It could also change territorial boundaries. The responsibilities of the deputies of the Assembly, as well as of the Assembly as a whole, were derived from the directions of Sun Yat-sen. At that time
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#17327652102644732-423: The National Assembly had elected the President and Vice President under the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China with the role of the constituent assembly that aimed to amend the country's constitution. The first National Assembly was elected in November 1947 and met in Nanjing in March 1948. However, in the next year, the Kuomintang -led government of the Republic of China lost mainland China in
4823-1400: The US as Taiwan's top representative to the country. As Taiwan's envoy, she said that she would combat China's allegedly aggressive " wolf warrior " (戰狼) diplomacy with her own brand of "cat warrior" (戰貓) diplomacy. National Assembly (Republic of China) Lai Ching-te ( DPP ) Hsiao Bi-khim ( DPP ) Cho Jung-tai ( DPP ) 11th Legislative Yuan Han Kuo-yu ( KMT ) Shieh Ming-yan acting Vacant Vacant Vacant Control Yuan Chen Chu Lee Hung-chun Local government Central Election Commission Kuomintang Democratic Progressive Party Taiwan People's Party Others New Power Party Taiwan Statebuilding Party People First Party Taiwan Solidarity Union New Party Non-Partisan Solidarity Union Newspapers United Daily News Liberty Times China Times Taipei Times Propaganda Censorship Film censorship Lin Chia-lung Cross-Strait relations Special state-to-state relations One Country on Each Side 1992 Consensus Taiwan consensus Chinese Taipei Australia–Taiwan relations Canada–Taiwan relations France–Taiwan relations Russia–Taiwan relations Taiwan–United Kingdom relations Taiwan–United States relations Republic of China (1912–1949) Chinese Civil War One-China policy China and
4914-431: The US, serving as an activity coordinator. On returning to Taiwan, Hsiao became the party's international affairs director, and represented the party at various international conferences for over a decade. After Chen Shui-bian took office as the President of the Republic of China in 2000, Hsiao served as his interpreter and advisor for nearly two years. Her dual US and Republic of China (Taiwan) citizenship while she
5005-422: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement The Control Yuan is the supervisory and auditory branch of the government of the Republic of China , both during its time in mainland China and Taiwan . Designed as a hybrid of auditor and ombudsman by Taiwanese law , the Control Yuan holds the following powers: According to
5096-447: The United Nations Chinese unification Taiwan independence movement Taiwanese nationalism Tangwai movement The National Assembly was the authoritative legislative body of the Republic of China , from 1947 to 2005. Along with the Control Yuan (upper house) and the Legislative Yuan (lower house), the National Assembly formed the tricameral parliament of the Republic of China. Similar to other electoral colleges ,
5187-466: The United States. The second set of sanctions also include preventing investors and firms related to the sanctioned individuals from cooperating with mainland China organisations and individuals. On 20 November 2023, Democratic Progressive Party (DPP) presidential candidate Lai Ching-te officially named Hsiao his vice presidential candidate for the 2024 presidential election . On 13 January 2024, Lai and Hsiao were elected president and vice president in
5278-425: The Yuan from Taiwan, and the cities of Taipei and Kaoshung were soon represented. Until 1993, the Control Yuan's legislative work was limited to helping to audit the national budget, which would then be presented to the Legislative Yuan. The other actions the then chamber took were its impeachment, confirmation and censure powers, applied whenever necessary. Democratization took place in Taiwan starting late 1980s;
5369-517: The Yuan, chaired by the Yuan President, is divided into a number of committees to exercise the Yuan's supervision power. No member of the Control Yuan can hold another public office or profession while serving in the branch (according to Article 103 of the constitution), and members must be able to perform absent of partisan control or influence. Members can vote in no more than three committees and can join additional committees as non-voting members. Each committee can have up to 14 members and usually elects
5460-417: The basis of proportional representation via special election within six months of the Legislative Yuan proposing constitutional amendments, calling for the impeachment of the president or vice president, or declaring a vote on changes to national borders. However, no such situation arose from 2000 to 2004, and the National Assembly never met during this period. On 23 August 2004, the Legislative Yuan proposed
5551-412: The committee. The committee was established by the National Human Rights Committee Organic Law on 10 December 2019. An Administrative Appeal Committee, operated under the aegis of the Control Yuan but consisting of both members and non-members of the Control Yuan, considers administrative appeals which are inappropriate to both the Control Yuan proper and the Ministry of Audit. The National Audit Office
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#17327652102645642-413: The constitutional amendments into effect, and so dissolved the National Assembly until the " unification of the country " as stated in the preamble. The National Assembly held the most important constitutional powers within the national organs under the 1947 constitution . All of its powers were transferred to the Legislative Yuan and direct democracy exercised by the citizens of the free area after
5733-442: The current Constitution , the Control Yuan shall consist of 29 members. One member shall be the President of the Control Yuan, and another shall be the Vice President . All members, including the President and Vice President of Control Yuan, shall be nominated by the President of Taiwan and approved by Legislative Yuan (the parliament of Taiwan ). Members serve with a term limit of six years. Prior to constitutional reforms in
5824-514: The end of 2004, President Chen Shui-bian sent a list of nominees to positions in the Control Yuan to the Legislative Yuan for approval. The coalition of Kuomintang and People First Party , which then held a majority in the Legislative Yuan, refused to ratify President Chen's nominees and demanded that he submit a new list. The political deadlock that resulted stopped the Control Yuan from functioning from February 2005 to July 2008. The situation resolved after Kuomintang 's candidate Ma Ying-jeou
5915-420: The end of year 1991. Timeline of National Assembly elections and terms When the Assembly is not in session, the secretary-general ( Chinese : 秘書長 ; pinyin : Mìshūzhǎng ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī : Pì-su-tiúⁿ ) is the de facto highest-ranking official, in charge of the overall affairs of the Assembly and supervising its staff. Note that the secretary-general is entitled acting secretary-general when
6006-446: The five-branch government, changed the Control Yuan to be a parliament chamber . Under the constitution, members of the Yuan (by now senators de facto ) were elected from regional legislatures : 5 from each province , 2 from each direct-administered municipality , 8 from Mongolia (by 1948 only the Inner Mongolian provinces were represented), 8 from Tibet , and 8 from the overseas Chinese communities. As originally envisioned both
6097-426: The implementation of this constitutional ideology. After a successful Northern Expedition campaign, the Kuomintang secured its leadership in China and started to build the Nationalist government according to Sun Yat-sen 's ideology. Five branches ( Yuan s) were created under the Kuomintang 's party-state administration. During this time, the Auditing Yuan ( Chinese : 審計院 ; pinyin : Shěnjì Yuàn )
6188-422: The increasing democracy movement in Taiwan, limited supplementary elections were held in Taiwan starting from 1969 and parts of Fujian from 1972. Members elected in these supplementary elections served together with the members who were elected in 1948. This situation remained until a Constitutional Court ( Judicial Yuan ) ruling on June 21, 1991, that ordered the retirement of all members with extended terms by
6279-417: The leaders and members of the first Judicial Yuan and Examination Yuan . The transition from one-party state Nationalist government to constitutional government was hence completed. However, a year later, the Kuomintang -led government of the Republic of China lost the Chinese Civil War and retreated to Taiwan in December 1949. Taiwan had been under Japanese rule before August 15, 1945; as
6370-409: The long tradition of supervision used in past dynasties, ranging from the Censor ( 御史 ) established by the Qin ( 秦 ) and Han ( 漢 ) dynasties to the tái ( 臺 ) and jiàn ( 諫 ) offices established under the Sui ( 隋 ) and Tang ( 唐 ) dynasties ( tai were selected to supervise civil officials and military officers, while jian were selected to counsel the emperor on supervisory matters) to
6461-488: The magazine for libel in civil court. The magazine was eventually ordered to apologize and issue corrections admitting it had fabricated the story. During her political career, Hsiao and fellow legislators Cheng Li-chun and Chiu Yi-ying gained the nickname "the S.H.E of the DPP." Hsiao has been a long-time supporter of gender equality and LGBT rights in Taiwan . Hsiao is a cat lover, saying in July 2020 that she planned to take her four cats with her when she moved to
6552-634: The majority of Legislative Yuan seats in 2016 Taiwanese legislative election . On 10 December 2019, the Legislative Yuan passed the National Human Rights Committee Organic Law (國家人權委員會組織法), which established the National Human Rights Committee under the Control Yuan. Its duties include investigating human rights abuses, proposing human rights laws, compiling an annual report, and educational promotion of human rights, in accordance with
6643-629: The meetings of all government boards. The Board's powers were minimized by the time of political flux which preceded the end of the Empire. However, the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China has many influences from the resolutions of the Political Consultative Assembly held between the Chinese Nationalist Party ( Kuomintang ) and the Chinese Communist Party . Carsun Chang , the major author of
6734-481: The move as hindering positive exchanges between the two sides. Her father, Hsiao Ching-fen, was a former president of the Tainan Theological College and Seminary . In November 2000, The Journalist , a local tabloid magazine, wrongly claimed to have been told by Vice President Annette Lu that Hsiao was having an affair with President Chen. No evidence supported the false claim, and Lu sued
6825-429: The movement resulted in a series of constitutional amendment known as the Additional Articles of the Constitution . On May 27, 1992, the second amendment removed the Control Yuan from parliament chambers and its members removed from their legislative duties. Decision process of leaders and members of the Control Yuan follows a similar pattern of Judicial Yuan and Examination Yuan . These officials were nominated by
6916-545: The negative influence of this incident." During her visit to the Czech Republic, a car belonging to a diplomat from the military section of the PRC embassy in Prague was stopped by authorities after running a red light while apparently tailing Hsiao's convoy. Czech authorities launched an investigation in response to the incident. In May 2024, concurrent with a bipartisan trip to Geneva to advocate for Taiwan's participation in
7007-642: The platform of the revolutionaries who ultimately overthrew the Qing dynasty . In response, the Qing dynasty formed the first assembly in 1910, but it was virtually powerless and intended only as an advisory body. In the early Republican Era, the bicameral National Assembly was established by the Beiyang government . The design referred to the structure of the United States Congress as Senate ( 參議院 ) and House of Representatives ( 眾議院 ). However,
7098-406: The retreated senators was extended indefinitely until "re-election is possible in their original electoral district ." During this era, the first Control Yuan members continued to conduct sessions in Taipei until they were ordered to retire by the Judicial Yuan (Constitutional Court) in 1991. With the reduction of members due to age, elections were held from 1969 to 1986 to elect new senators to
7189-592: The same year, she lost with a slim minority in a by-election, but was still regarded as having broken the " iron vote " of the Kuomintang. She then set up a Hualien service office, and continued making weekly journeys between Taipei and Hualien. Hsiao returned to the Legislative Yuan in February 2012, elected via party list proportional representation. In 2016, Hsiao succeeded Wang Ting-son as legislator for Hualien County . In 2018, an unsuccessful recall campaign
7280-628: The same year. In the legislative elections of December 2004, Hsiao was reelected to the Legislative Yuan representing Taipei's first constituency , covering the northern districts of Xinyi , Songshan , Nangang , Neihu , Shilin , and Beitou . As a legislator, she served on the Foreign and Overseas Affairs Committee (外交及僑務委員會), the Procedure Committee (程序委員會), and the Discipline Committee (紀律委員會). Hsiao worked on
7371-481: The term limit of the original Members of the Control Yuan was extended until "re-election is possible in their original electoral districts ." In response to the increasing democracy movement in Taiwan , limited supplementary elections were held in the Free Area ( Taiwan ) starting 1969. Members elected in these supplementary elections served together with those who were elected in 1948. This situation remained until
7462-483: The term of both bodies, which was strongly criticized by the public. The People First Party was founded shortly after the 2000 presidential election . The two larger parties, the Kuomintang and Democratic Progressive Party , wished to bar the People First Party (PFP) from the National Assembly. As a result, the 2000 National Assembly elections were canceled, and delegates were to be selected ad hoc on
7553-472: Was put into moratorium until at least half of all counties in the nation were again able to elect representatives via their County Assemblies. The first National Assembly was to serve for a period of only six years. However, according to the Kuomintang (KMT) leadership, the fall of the Mainland made it impossible to hold new elections there, as all Mainland provinces were under Communist rebellion . As
7644-457: Was born on 7 August 1971 in Kōbe , Japan . Her father Hsiao Ching-fen is Taiwanese while her mother Peggy Cooley is American . Hsiao's maternal family's presence in the United States dates back to the Mayflower (1620). Hsiao grew up in the city of Tainan in southern Taiwan. She spoke Mandarin , Taiwanese , and English , and she was raised in a Presbyterian family. She moved to
7735-433: Was close to the DPP's former New Tide faction . Defended by some other DPP members, Hsiao was still not nominated to stand for re-election by the DPP in the January 2008 legislative elections , a move some attributed to being the result of that controversy. Hsiao left the Legislative Yuan after her term expired on 31 January 2008. She served as spokesperson for Frank Hsieh 's unsuccessful 2008 presidential campaign. She
7826-525: Was elected as the President in 2008 Taiwanese presidential election and Kuomintang won the supermajority of Legislative Yuan seats in 2008 Taiwanese legislative election . Mr. Wang Chien-shien was then appointed to be its president under the Ma Ying-jeou administration. In 2016, Democratic Progressive Party 's candidate Tsai Ing-wen was elected as the President in 2016 Taiwanese presidential election and Democratic Progressive Party won
7917-462: Was established in February 1928, but in February 1931, the Control Yuan was established and the Auditing Yuan was downgraded to the current ministry-level National Audit Office within the Control Yuan. The creation of Control Yuan on 16 February 1931 was the last establishment of the five- Yuan s. However, the 1947 Constitution of the Republic of China , although retaining the architecture of
8008-508: Was holding a government position became an issue, and she renounced her US citizenship in 2002, as required by the Civil Servants Employment Law passed in 2000. In January 2001, Hsiao announced her intention to run for the Legislative Yuan on the DPP ticket as a supplementary member representing overseas constituencies, citing her experience in international relations. She was subsequently elected in December
8099-461: Was lined up immediately after trips to mainland China by KMT Chairman Lien Chan and PFP Chairman James Soong. This had the effect of turning the May 14 elections into an opinion poll on relations with mainland China which was undesired by the Democratic Progressive Party, though the DPP subsequently gained a plurality in the elections. On 7 June 2005, the 300 delegates voted (by a majority of 249 to 48)
8190-523: Was organized against Hsiao because of her strong support for same-sex marriage legalization. Hsiao did not yield to pressure, and continued to speak out for Hualien Pride. In August 2019, she received the Democratic Progressive Party nomination to run for another term in Hualien County. She lost her seat to Fu Kun-chi in the 2020 legislative elections. Pan-Green Other Republic of China rule Japanese rule Hsiao stepped down from
8281-422: Was responsible for submitting reports on government budgets. Finally, the Control Yuan had confirmation power for the President, Vice President and members of the Judicial Yuan and Examination Yuan . In the early republican era , the Beiyang government was in favor of the traditional three-branch form of separation of powers . However, a weak culture of republicanism and, later, the Warlord Era suppressed
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