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45-616: The Cornwallis River is in Kings County, Nova Scotia , Canada . It has a meander length of approximately 48 kilometres (30 mi) through eastern Kings County, from its source on the North Mountain at Grafton to its mouth near Wolfville on the Minas Basin . The lower portion of the river beginning at Kentville is tidal and there are extensive tidal marshes in the lower reaches. In its upper watershed at Berwick ,

90-628: A branch line of the Dominion Atlantic Railway , was named after the river in 1889, when it was built, crossing the river at Kentville. The Annapolis Valley is an important agricultural district in Nova Scotia and depends on the river for irrigation and drainage. However heavy agricultural runoffs as well as municipal sewage have created severe pollution problems in the river. It was designated as one of Canada's ten most endangered rivers in 2002 and labelled as "little more than

135-503: A change of 1.1% from its 2016 population of 47,404 . With a land area of 2,087.88 km (806.13 sq mi), it had a population density of 23.0/km (59.4/sq mi) in 2021. Population trend Ethnic Origin (2006) Mother tongue (2011) Highways and numbered routes that run through the county, including external routes that start or finish at the county limits: Farm-to-table Farm-to-table (or farm-to-fork , and in some cases farm-to-school )

180-596: A change of 3.8% from its 2016 population of 60,600 . With a land area of 2,120.31 km (818.66 sq mi), it had a population density of 29.7/km (76.9/sq mi) in 2021. Forming the majority of the Kings County census division, the Municipality of the County of Kings, including its Subdivisions A, B, C, and D, had a population of 47,918 living in 20,733 of its 22,958 total private dwellings,

225-526: A farm sewer". A number of initiatives are currently underway to improve farm use of the river and upgrade municipal sewage systems along the river. The communities of Wolfville, Port Williams, Kentville and Berwick all have sewage treatment facilities that discharge effluent into the river. 45°6′5″N 64°21′54.7″W  /  45.10139°N 64.365194°W  / 45.10139; -64.365194 Kings County, Nova Scotia Kings' economy and identity are tied into its current and historical role as

270-536: A major industry, as the county has some of the best farmland in Nova Scotia, but farmland now faces pressure from suburban development around valley towns. The county also faces serious pollution problems in its major water artery, the Cornwallis River . Kings County was a major wooden shipbuilding area in the 19th Century, including a four-masted barque built in Kingsport named Kings County which

315-771: A more locavore approach to the food system . Among the first vocal and influential farm-to-table businesses were Chez Panisse restaurant in Berkeley, California , The Herbfarm in Washington , Bon Appétit Management Company based in Palo Alto, California , and The Kitchen in Boulder, Colorado. Since the 2000s, the number of farm-to-table operations has grown rapidly and "the American Farm to Table Restaurant Guide lists restaurants located in more than 30 states and

360-405: A type of food the cited farmer or fisher has never grown or caught or which is currently out of season or not being provided; a restaurant claiming to serve food from a provider which has gone out of business years ago; food from the claimed source makes up only a small portion of the type of food on the plate. In such cases the food actually served is usually non-local or even "commodity" food which

405-423: Is a social movement which promotes serving local food at restaurants and school cafeterias, preferably through direct acquisition from the producer (which might be a winery, brewery, ranch, fishery, or other type of food producer which is not strictly a "farm"). This might be accomplished by a direct sales relationship, a community-supported agriculture arrangement, a farmer's market , a local distributor or by

450-508: Is a dominant industry in the Kings economy, there are many emerging industries such as trade, health care, construction, and manufacturing. The largest employment sectors in the county include retail trade (3,621), health care and social assistance (3,352), public administration (2,659), manufacture (2,459), and agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (2,064). Manufacturing employment is over 30% higher and agricultural employment more than double

495-460: Is a fad by millennials whose obsession with food resembled their parents generational affinity for "music and drug of choice". The movement is also criticized for being relatively less affordable than other forms of food and dining. Others argue that the farm-to-table term is not fully understood by consumers. For example, foods advertised as farm-to-table are considered healthier regardless of actual nutritional content. Journalist investigations at

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540-518: Is cheaper and more available out-of-season. In some cases food claimed to be "wild caught", "preservative-free", "made in-house", "Fresh from Florida", or "Long Island duck" was not. Such practices open restaurants to lawsuits from both the farmer whose name is being used fraudulently, and lawsuits from consumers who have purchased mislabelled food products, as well as enforcement actions by government agencies. Tampa Bay Times food critic and investigative reporter Laura Reiley attributes fraud in part to

585-598: Is set to continue to expand its production capacity starting 2013 until 2018. Kings is home to Canadian Forces Base Greenwood , the east coast's largest air force base. The county also benefits from the location of Acadia University in Wolfville and the NSCC Kingstec campus in Kentville. Nova Scotia's federally funded agriculture and agri-food research centre, Kentville Research and Development Centre, supports

630-470: The Tampa Bay Times and San Diego Magazine found widespread fraud in the claims made by the area's farm-to-table restaurants. Cases included a restaurant previously bought from a farm-to-table provider but has since switched to different suppliers without updating the menu; a restaurant claims to buy from a farmer, but the farmer denies ever having sold to that restaurant; a restaurant serving

675-710: The Apple Blossom Festival , the annual Steer Bar-B-Que in Kingston, Mud Creek Days, Deep Roots Music Festival and the Devour The Food Film Fest in Wolfville, and the Pumpkin People in Kentville draw tourist throughout the summer and fall. As a census division in the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada , Kings County had a population of 62,914 living in 27,538 of its 30,366 total private dwellings,

720-671: The Glooscap First Nation Glooscap reserve. The Municipal Council for the county (outside of the Towns and Reserves) is composed of a Mayor elected at-large and 9 Councillors each elected to represent a separate district. Municipal Council is responsible for all facets of the municipal government , including directly delivered and shared or regional services. Directly delivered services include services such as police and fire, public works, roads, and water. The municipality participates in shared services, such as

765-704: The Michelin tire plant in Waterville both provide significant positive economic impact in the county. While the majority of the area of county is governed by the Municipality of the County of Kings, the county also includes three separately incorporated towns, Wolfville , Kentville , and Berwick , and two First Nations reserves. The glaciers began their retreat from in the Maritimes approximately 13,500 years ago, with final deglaciation , post-glacial rebound , and sea level fluctuation ending and leaving

810-588: The Siege of Grand Pré . After forcibly expelling the Acadians , British control of the land was secured by repopulating the former French lands with settlers from New England . The county was formed in 1759 and named for King George III . Between 1760 and 1768 some 8000 New England Planters arrived in Nova Scotia, the largest number settling in Kings County in three agricultural townships : Horton , Cornwallis , and Aylesford . The Planters revived and expanded

855-675: The War of 1812 . Further waves of immigration followed in the following two centuries, adding to the population and diversity of Kings County. The county's agricultural industry blossomed in the 19th century, especially after the arrival of the Dominion Atlantic Railway which led to a major expansion of exports, especially the apple industry. After the loss of the British export market for apples in World War II , Kings County farmers diversified into other crops and livestock. Agriculture remains

900-731: The frontier warfare that followed the founding of Halifax . The proposal has led to a debate about renaming and the portrayal of history. The river was an important early transportation route, connected by a portage trail through the Berwick area to the headwaters of the Annapolis River that was originally established by the Mi'kmaq. Coastal schooners used landings and wharves along the river as far as Kentville while larger sailing vessels and later steamships used Port Williams for agricultural and timber exports. The Cornwallis Valley Railway ,

945-483: The solid waste management , library services , and transit . The municipal operating budget of $ 45.7 million and combined capital and water capital budget of $ 4.3 million in the 2017/18 fiscal year. The current mayor is Peter Muttart. Municipal governments in Nova Scotia are elected every four years and the most recent round of elections took place in October 2020. The provincial legislation that creates and empowers

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990-736: The 1780s by further settlers from the United Empire Loyalists and significant numbers of Irish immigrants. The roots of Black heritage in Kings County began almost 250 years ago when the New England Planters were accompanied by slaves and freed Blacks to settle in Horton and Cornwallis townships. This initial African population increased with larger migrations of Black Loyalists following the American Revolution and especially Black refugees following

1035-637: The Acadian dykeland agriculture through projects such as the Wellington Dyke and cleared more upland fields, gradually moving west from the initial settlements along the Minas Basin Rivers. The legacy of the New England Planters is still a tangible part of the life in Kings County, and had an important influence on Nova Scotian ideas on democratic government , freedom of religion and equality of education. The Planters were followed in

1080-749: The District of Columbia". In 2015, according to the National Restaurant Association "four of the top ten trends" related to local foods. Prominent advocates for the farm-to-table movement, either as chefs, writers, farmers, or environmentalists include Wendell Berry , Wes Jackson , Michael Pollan , Thomas Keller , John Jeavons , Alice Waters , Dan Barber , Joel Salatin , Barbara Kingsolver , Tony Maws , Kevin Gillespie , Edna Lewis , Ken Myszka, Erik Manning and others. More recently restaurateurs have tried to democratize

1125-694: The Maritimes, parts of Maine , Newfoundland and the Gaspé Peninsula . King's County is located in the traditional Mi'kmaw districts of Sipekni'katik and Kespukwitk. The colonization of "Les Mines" and Grand Pre began in the 1680s when a few families relocated from the French settlement at Port Royal . These " Acadian " settlers were named after the French name for the land "Acadie" meaning "land of plenty". These farmers were accustomed to farming on dyked lands, and did so here as well. This took place on

1170-727: The Minas Basin and the Annapolis Basin. The river was named Riviere St. Antoine by Samuel de Champlain after his arrival in the New World in the early 17th Century. Later it was called the Riviere des Habitants by the Acadians , who built a series of settlements around its mouth including the village of Grand-Pré and a smaller settlement further up the river at New Minas . The Acadians also built extensive dykelands in

1215-550: The New England-Maritimes region virtually ice free 11,000 years ago. The earliest evidence of Palaeo-Indian settlement in the region follows rapidly after deglaciation. Evidence of settlement found in the Debert Palaeo-Indian Site dates to 10,600 before present, though settlement seems likely to have occurred earlier, following large game animals such as the caribou as they expanded into

1260-517: The area, although there is no clear evidence that the running dykes beside the river were built by them. Following the Expulsion of the Acadians in 1755, the area was settled by New England Planters in 1760 who named the river after the townships established along its banks. The river became known as the Horton River . after Horton Township , the major Planter settlement at the mouth of

1305-607: The distance food travels across all their locations, requiring each region to build relationships with their local farm community. In New York, another fast casual concept, Dig Inn, has gained popularity with their "farm-to-counter" model. In 2016, Dig Inn announced they intend to buy and manage their own farm. While they do not plan to source all their food from their farm, it will be a place for education and to learn "exactly how things grow". Both of these restaurant concepts have received noteworthy funding, as investors gain more interest in food startups, particularly those connecting to

1350-425: The farm-to-table model frequently cite the scarcity of fresh, local ingredients; the poor flavor of ingredients shipped from afar; the poor nutritional integrity of shipped ingredients; the disappearance of small family farms ; the disappearance of heirloom and open-pollinated fruits and vegetables; and the dangers of a highly centralized food growing and distribution system as motivators for their decision to adopt

1395-559: The farm-to-table movement by opening fast-casual restaurants that offer relatively affordable locally sourced food. Sweetgreen , a farm-to-table salad chain, has experienced exponential growth since opening in 2007 in Washington, D.C., and now has more than 60 locations across the United States. The salad bar chain started on the premise of sourcing food as locally as possible. The chain "works with more than 500 farmers" to limit

Cornwallis River - Misplaced Pages Continue

1440-578: The land area of county is governed by the Municipal Council of the Municipality of the County of Kings, though the county also includes three incorporated towns, Wolfville , Kentville , and Berwick , with their own independent municipal governments. In addition to municipal governments there are two First Nations reserves under band government , the Annapolis Valley First Nation Cambridge reserve and

1485-452: The land revealed by the retreating glaciers. The record of continuous habitation through the paleo and archaic period over ten thousand years culminated in the development of the culture, traditions, and language now known as the Mi'kmaq . For several thousand years the territory of the province has been a part of the territory of the Mi'kmaq nation of Mi'kma'ki. Mi'kma'ki includes what is now

1530-546: The local economy through agriculture related research. The region is also celebrated for its wineries, many located in the county communities of Gaspereau Valley, Canning, and Grand Pré. The recently launched Tidal Bay appellation, created in 2012, was the first wine appellation for Nova Scotia and has helped to raise Nova Scotia wines profile in Canada and around the world. The region's sparking wine has been added to wine lists in high-profile restaurants and received acclaim around

1575-581: The local food system. Consumer interest is high enough that Applebee's has even explored the farm-to-table concept. In summer 2014, the chain released a location-specific menu option: the Grilled Vidalia Onion Sirloin, in Georgia. It took six months to plan and was only available for a limited period. Despite the growth in the farm-to-table restaurants the movement has been met with some criticism. A Boston Globe critic argues it

1620-566: The municipality is the Nova Scotia Municipal Government Act. Kings is represented by three ridings in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly . The municipality shares representation by two ridings in Canada's House of Commons . Kings County is considered agricultural heartland of the province. The economy in Kings County is largely built on its diversified agricultural industry. Although agriculture

1665-521: The name revert to what they consider to be the original, historical Mi'kmaw name for the river, the Jijuktu'kwejk . Annapolis Valley First Nations Chief Brian Toney wants the name of the Cornwallis River changed. He said band members have to cross it every day and are reminded of Gov. Edward Cornwallis. Cornwallis put a bounty on the scalps of natives, including women and children in 1749 during

1710-467: The normally salty but fertile marshes that were found on the banks of the Minas Basin , through the use of dykes and aboiteaux that allowed fresh water to enter but kept out the salt-water tide. The Acadian farmers prospered in Kings County, and lived harmoniously with the Mi'kmaq. The Acadians and Mi'kmaq jointly fought numerous battles against the British in the Raid on Grand Pré , Battle of Grand Pré , and

1755-632: The province's agricultural heartland. A strong agricultural base has been bolstered by the farm-to-table movement and a growing and acclaimed Nova Scotia wine industry, and the success of both has also bolstered the area's tourism industry. The county benefits from the profile, prestige and population gained from hosting both Acadia University in Wolfville and the NSCC Kingstec campus in Kentville . Canadian Forces Base Greenwood (the largest Royal Canadian Air Force base on Canada's East Coast) and

1800-526: The provincial averages. Kings enjoys 33% of arable land used for agricultural production compared to the provincial average of 13%, and since 2006 the number of acres used for farming purposes and the number of farms have been on the rise. While there are light industrial clusters throughout the county, the over half the manufacturing jobs are a result of the Michelin tire plant in Waterville , which opened in 1982. The plant employs about 1,300 people and

1845-571: The restaurant or school raising its own food. Farm-to-table often incorporates a form of food traceability (celebrated as "knowing where your food comes from") where the origin of the food is identified to consumers. Often restaurants cannot source all the food they need for dishes locally, so only some dishes or only some ingredients are labelled as local. The farm-to-table movement has arisen more or less concurrently with changes in attitudes about food safety , food freshness, food seasonality, and small-farm economics. Advocates and practitioners of

Cornwallis River - Misplaced Pages Continue

1890-527: The river draws on the Caribou Bog while a longer branch continues to the official source, a stream on the North Mountain at Grafton. The original peoples of the area, the Mi'kmaq , knew it as The Narrow River , or Chijekwtook (pronounced, " Gee-gee-wok-tuk "). There are also references to the Mi'kmaq calling the river Jijuktu'kwejk . The river served as part of the Mi'kmaq travel route between

1935-620: The river, named after the ancestral home of George Montagu-Dunk , the official in charge of English settlement in Nova Scotia. However, in the 19th century, settlement and commercial growth moved upriver to the Kentville area in Cornwallis Township , named after Edward Cornwallis , first governor of Nova Scotia. As a result, the river assumed the name Cornwallis River by 1829. The Mi'kmaq of Annapolis Valley First Nation in Cambridge, Nova Scotia, voted unanimously in 2011 to have

1980-504: The world. Tourism is also an important industry, and the county benefits from scenic farmland, increasing support for farm-to-table movement, and attractions including Cape Split , the look off at Blomodin , and the UNESCO World Heritage site at Grand-Pré . Farmers markets in Kentville, Kingsport, Berwick and Wolfville attract visitors with fresh produce and other fine goods throughout the growing season. Events such as

2025-695: Was one of the largest ever built in Canada. Today a number of light industrial factories are located in Coldbrook and Waterville . The county's history is preserved and interpreted at the Kings County Museum in Kentville and a number of Kings County towns have museums related to their specific stories such as the Wolfville Historical Society and the Apple Capital Museum in Berwick. The majority of

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