In Attic drama , the coryphaeus , corypheus , or koryphaios ( Greek κορυφαῖος koryphaîos , from κορυφή koryphḗ́ , the top of the head) was the leader of the chorus . Hence the term (sometimes in an Anglicized form " coryphe ") is used for the chief or leader of any company or movement. The original Greek coryphaeus spoke for all the chorus, whenever the chorus took part in the action, in quality of a person of the drama, during the course of the acts.
15-702: The term is sometimes used for the chief or principal of any company, corporation, sect, opinion, etc. Thus, Eustathius of Antioch is called the coryphaeus of the First Council of Nicaea of 325 CE, and Cicero calls Zeno ( c. 334 – c. 262 BCE) the coryphaeus of the Stoics . Paul the Apostle is often entitled "Coryphaeus" in Christian iconography . In 1856 the University of Oxford established
30-637: A large body of his clergy. Eustathius was banished to Trajanopolis in Thrace , where he died, probably about 337, though possibly not until 370. The Eusebians proposed Eusebius as the new bishop, but he declined. When, after the death of Eustathius, Meletius became Bishop of Antioch in 360, the Eustathians would not recognize him, even after his election was approved by the Synod of Alexandria in 362. Their intransigent attitude gave rise to two factions among
45-651: A letter to him while at Rome, on the subject, in which he complains in very strong language, that the Western Bishops, who could not be so well acquainted with the actual state of affairs, should presume to class Meletius and Eusebius among the Arians." The only complete work by Eustathius is the De Engastrimytho contra Origenem. The Commentary on the Hexameron attributed to him in the manuscripts
60-514: A typical commentary on creation, including historical material down to the time of Alexander the Great , all excerpted from earlier Christian writers. Consequently, it has been given the Latin title Liber chronicorum ('book of chronicles'). The Commentary includes extracts from the lost writings of Alexander Polyhistor , and the author appears to have had direct access to copies of Polyhistor. It
75-535: Is also a useful early witness to the Physiologus . That it could not have been written by Eustathius of Antioch, who was deposed in 330, is clear from the material it draws from the Homilies on the Hexameron of Basil the Great , delivered around 370. In addition, Eusebius of Caesarea is labelled "holy" in the work, despite being an enemy of Eustathius. Although these factors mean that the name passed down in
90-595: Is too late to be authentic. Ps.Eustathius, Commentary on the Hexameron The Commentary on the Hexameron of Pseudo-Eustathius is an anonymous commentary on the Genesis creation narrative written in Greek between 375 and 500 AD. More than 26 medieval manuscripts exist containing it, all of which give Eustathius of Antioch as the author. The work contains rather more material than
105-681: The Council of Nicaea in 325. In that assembly he distinguished himself zealously against the Arians , though the Allocutio ad Imperatorem with which he has been credited is probably not by him. At Nicaea, he and Marcellus joined forces with Alexander. In this way, they were able to significantly influence the formulation of the Nicene Creed. His anti-Arian polemic against Eusebius of Nicomedia made him unpopular among his fellow bishops in
120-577: The East, and a synod convened at Antioch in 330 deposed him for Sabellianism, which was confirmed by the emperor. After Nicaea, the conflict at Nicaea between the Eusebians and the pro-Nicenes continued. “Within ten years of the Council of Nicaea all the leading supporters of the creed of that Council had been deposed or disgraced or exiled," including Eustathius. Arius and his theology were now no longer
135-467: The Western Bishops communicated with Paulinus. Meletius asserted Three Hypostases in the HOLY TRINITY, Paulinus One: S. Damasus would not allow the former, for fear of being considered an Arian, nor S. Basil the latter, lest he should be imagined a Sabellian.… Peter served as a kind of connection between the two conflicting parties, though his sentiments inclined to those of Damasus. S. Basil addressed
150-578: The central antagonist and the catalyst to the events of Dragon Age: Inquisition . Eustathius of Antioch Eustathius of Antioch , sometimes surnamed the Great , was a Christian bishop and archbishop of Antioch in the 4th century. His feast day in the Eastern Orthodox Church is February 21 . He was a native of Side in Pamphylia . About 320 he was bishop of Beroea , and he became patriarch of Antioch shortly before
165-624: The doctrines ratified by the council of Nicaea, while the latter declared that he approved of all the Nicaean doctrines, and reproached Eustathius for cleaving to the heresy of Sabellius.” Eustathius was accused, condemned, and deposed at a synod in Antioch. His supporters at Antioch rebelled against the decision of this synod and were ready to take up arms in his defence. But Eustathius kept them in check, exhorted them to remain true to their faith and humbly left for his place of exile, accompanied by
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#1732772375885180-569: The focus of the Controversy. The focus of the controversy was now the term homoousios: “The fifth-century ecclesiastical historian Sozomen reports a dispute immediately after the council, focused not on Arius, but … concerning the precise meaning of the term homoousios. Some thought this term … implied the non-existence of the Son of God; and that it involved the error of Montanus and Sabellius. … Eustathius accused Eusebius [of Caesarea] of altering
195-560: The manuscripts as the author cannot be right, no other obvious candidate for authorship is available. A copy of the Commentary was discovered in Sicily by Cardinal Gugliemo Sirleto in 1583, who intended to publish it but did not do so. The first and only edition was printed in 1629 by Leo Allatius , with copious notes and a Latin translation, but also many misprints. The text and translation were reprinted by Jacques Paul Migne in
210-811: The office of Coryphaeus or Praecentor with the duty of leading the musical performances directed by the Choragus . The office ceased to exist in 1899. Solzhenitsyn's In the First Circle (1968), often refers to Stalin as a "Coryphaeus" ("the Coryphaeus of all the Sciences", for example), meaning that he speaks for all in the Soviet Union. Corypheus is an antagonist introduced in the Legacy DLC for Dragon Age II . The same Corypheus returns as
225-406: The orthodox, the so-called Meletian Schism , which lasted till the second decade of the fifth century. "The schism at Antioch, between the Eustathians, or old Catholic party, under their Bishop Paulinus … and the new Catholic party under S. Meletius, had troubled both the East and West. The holiest Bishops in the East, such as S. Basil and S. Eusebius of Samosata, sided with Meletius. S. Damasus and
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