The Caucasus Cable System (unofficially also designated as the Bulgaria–Georgia communications cable) is a Georgian -owned submarine communications cable in the Black Sea linking Poti , Georgia to Balchik , Bulgaria over a distance of 1,182 km. Its landing station in Balchik is connected to Frankfurt , Germany and other European Internet hubs via terrestrial connection. As the only communications cable linking Georgia directly to Europe, the Caucasus Cable System is deemed of geostrategic importance and has been at the center of controversy due to alleged plans to sell it to a Russian-owned company. As of January 2017 the cable is still in sole ownership of Caucasus Online.
17-652: Laying works were completed in July 2008 by the American cable ship CS Tyco Decisive , just a couple of weeks prior to the South Ossetia War. The submarine cable was manufactured and laid by TE Connectivity and consists of two fiber pairs each carrying 96 wavelengths with a bandwidth of 100 Gbit/s providing a total bandwidth of 12.8 Tbit/s (originally 64 × 10 Gbit/s and a total of 1.2 Tbit/s). In 2011 an upgrade implemented by TE Connectivity enabled
34-410: A global workforce of 89,000 employees, including more than 8,000 engineers. The company serves customers in approximately 140 countries. In 1941, Aircraft and Marine Products (AMP) was founded with electrical connections lacking solder for quick and removable wire connection used for aircraft and ships. After the war time boom, the company had to adapt to the post-war economy, and in 1956, the name of
51-461: A modest ventilator provider and manufacturer, was purchased by Covidien in 2012. Newport Medical Instruments had been contracted in 2006 by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services ' Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority to design a cheap, portable ventilator. At the time, Newport Medical Instruments had three working prototypes produced, and was on schedule to file for market approval late 2013. Covidien then effectively halted
68-523: A subsidiary of the Russian company VimpelCom on the sale of Caucasus Cable System to the latter. Commentators expressed grave concern that the transfer of such a strategic communications channel to a Russian firm would jeopardize Georgia's national security and give increased cyber access to the Russian intelligence services . Caucasus Online admitted to partial sale negotiations with VimpelCom, but claimed
85-476: A wide range of relays and contactors for commercial and defense aerospace markets. Its oil and gas products include cables and electronics used for subsea environments in the offshore oil and gas and civil marine industries and in shipboard, subsea, and sonar applications. TE Connectivity has produced CPU sockets compatible with Intel processors, such as LGA 771 CPU sockets. Covidien Covidien (formerly an independent company known as Covidien plc )
102-552: Is an Irish-headquartered global health care products company and manufacturer of medical devices and supplies. Covidien became an independent publicly traded company after being spun off from Tyco International in 2007. It was purchased by Medtronic in a transaction that closed in 2015. The now-merged company is headquartered in Ireland , where Covidien was based. In 2007, Covidien was formed when Tyco International spun off its health care business. Newport Medical Instruments,
119-601: The addition of further wavelengths. The project was led by Georgia's largest Internet service provider , Caucasus Online . Costs of construction of the submarine cable amounted to $ 40 million of which $ 35 million were funded by loans acquired from the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD) . As part of the deal, the EBRD acquired a 5.0% equity stake in the company. The project involved further investments for terrestrial fibre optic infrastructure from and to
136-1198: The automotive industry for body and chassis systems, convenience applications, driver information, infotainment , miniaturization , motor and powertrain applications, and safety and security systems. Hybrid and electronic mobility include in-vehicle technologies, battery technologies, and charging. In addition, TE's products are used for on-highway vehicles, off-highway vehicles and recreational transportation, including construction, agriculture, buses, and other vehicles. TE offers sensors for industries including automotive, industrial equipment, commercial transportation, medical, aerospace and defense, and consumer applications. The industrial segment supplies products that connect and distribute power, data, and signals. Products are used in factory automation and process control systems such as industrial controls, robotics, human machine interface , industrial communication, and power distribution. TE's intelligent building products are used to connect lighting, HVAC, elevators/escalators, and security. Its rail products are used in high-speed trains, metros, light rail vehicles, locomotives , and signaling switching equipment. Also, its products are used by
153-617: The cable is Caucasus Online. 49% of the company was sold in 2019 to Negsol Holding, owned by Azerbaijani businessman Nasib Hasanov, for $ 61 million. In March 2021, Nexol Holding acquired the remaining 51% of the Georgian Internet provider Caucasus Online and became a 100% owner. Although the material value of the contract is unknown, the agreement has been sharply criticized by the Georgian National Communications Commission. Kakha Bekauri,
170-698: The company was changed to AMP Incorporated when it incorporated. In 1999, Tyco International acquired AMP Incorporated. In September 2002, the CEO ( L. Dennis Kozlowski ) and CFO (Mark H. Swartz) of Tyco International Ltd. were indicted on charges including fraud, racketeering , stock manipulation , and more, amounting to more than 600 million dollars of theft. In July 2007, Tyco separated into three publicly independent companies, Covidien Ltd (formerly Tyco Healthcare), Tyco Electronics Ltd, and Tyco International Ltd (formerly Tyco Fire & Security and Tyco Engineered Products & Services (TFS/TEPS)). In 2010,
187-434: The company's Tyco Telecommunications division, which provided and installed submarine communications cables , was renamed to Tyco Electronics Subsea Communications. On March 10, 2011, Tyco Electronics Ltd changed its name to TE Connectivity Ltd., which the company said felt more relevant to its position as a connectivity and sensor component manufacturer. On August 28, 2015, TE Connectivity announced that it has completed
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#1732790644160204-470: The head of the GNCC, said that the deal had not been approved in advance by the commission, so it was illegal and should be annulled. TE Connectivity TE Connectivity plc is an American-Irish domiciled technology company that designs and manufactures electrical and electronic products for several industries, including automotive , aerospace , defense , medical , and energy . TE Connectivity has
221-571: The landing stations worth $ 22 million. On the Bulgarian side a fibre optic link to Varna was built while on the Georgian end a fibre optic link to Georgian neighbour Azerbaijan was laid. Completion of the project was delayed by around one month due to the 2008 Russo-Georgian diplomatic crisis . In February 2016, the Georgian political party Free Democrats blew the whistle on what it claimed were secret negotiations between Caucasus Online and
238-508: The project, subsequently exiting the contract, citing the reason that it was not profitable enough due to significant design faults which had to be corrected with extensive redesign with minimal impact to regulatory requirements. Government officials and other medical equipment suppliers suspected that the Newport acquisition was largely done to prevent a cheaper product from undermining Covidien's existing ventilator business. This contributed to
255-688: The sale of its broadband-networks business to CommScope Holding Co. for about US$ 3 billion. TE Connectivity's product portfolio is focused on connectors and sensors that are made to withstand harsh environments. The company operates three primary segments. TE Connectivity's communications segment supplies electronic components for home appliances, including products for washers, dryers, refrigerators, air conditioners, dishwashers, cooking appliances, water heaters, and microwaves. TE Connectivity's transportation segment includes four business units: automotive , industrial and commercial transportation, application tooling, and sensors. TE's products are used by
272-531: The solar and lighting industry. TE's products are used by the medical industry in imaging, diagnostic, therapeutic, surgical, tubing, and minimally invasive interventional applications. TE Connectivity provides components for the commercial aerospace industry from the initial stages of aircraft design to aftermarket support. TE's defense products include ruggedized electronic interconnects serving military aviation, marine, and ground vehicles including electronic warfare and space systems. The segment also provides
289-490: The submarine cable was not part of the deal. In an apparent effort to downplay the Russian security threats, Caucasus Online director Giorgy Tkeshelashvili added that VimpelCom was an internationally traded company involving people of many different nationalities. Free Democrats maintained that secret negotiations on the fate of the cable were planned in Turkey between Caucasus Online and VimpelCom subsidiaries. The sole owner of
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