41-531: Cachar district is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India . After independence, the pre-existing undivided Cachar district was split into four districts: Dima Hasao (formerly North Cachar Hills), Hailakandi , Karimganj , and the current Cachar district. Silchar is Cachar district's center of government. The word Cacahr is derived from the Dimasa word Kachari and traces its origin to
82-551: A northeastern state of India , is divided into 35 administrative geographical units called districts . Assam has 35 districts. A district of an Indian state is an administrative geographical unit, headed by the District Commissioner (DC), which combines the offices of the District Magistrate ultimately responsible for maintaining law and order and District Collector responsible for collection of
123-893: A Commissioner. A superintendent of Police, an officer belonging to Indian Police Service is entrusted with the responsibility of maintaining law and order and related issues. The police administration in Guwahati City is headed by the Commissioner of Police, which started functioning from 1 January 2015. Before India's independence in 1947, Assam had 13 districts. The districts were Cachar (14 August 1832), Darrang (1833), Goalpara , Kamrup , Lakhimpur , Nagaon , Sivasagar , Jayantia parganas, Garo hills, Lushai hills, Naga hills, Sylhet and NEFA. The British India protectorate 4 princely states under Assam state were Tripura, Khasi states, Koch Bihar and Manipur (included during Independence). Sylhet district had been given to East Pakistan at
164-801: A central university, the Assam University , which is situated at Dorgakuna, 18 kilometres (11 mi) from Silchar. It also has National Institute of Technology, Silchar one of the thirty NITs in India. Silchar Medical College and Hospital is also located in Silchar and is the only medical college in southern Assam. The district includes nine degree colleges. As of 2023, Cachar district includes 1,234 elementary schools and 158 secondary schools. Notable schools include: 25°05′N 92°55′E / 25.083°N 92.917°E / 25.083; 92.917 Districts of Assam Assam ,
205-537: A full-fledged district. On 23 January 2022, Tamulpur was formally declared as a 35th district of Assam. On 31 December 2022, the Assam Cabinet decided to merge four newly carved districts with existing four districts. These districts were, Assam Chief Minister Himanta Bisha Sarma said it is a temporary measure before ECI delimitation process in the state and government may reconsider it. On 25 August 2023, Assam Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma announced
246-399: A study that the dolphin, India's national aquatic animal is heading towards “local extinction” in the river system of the state. “Factors like poaching (for oil and meat) and accidental mortalities in fishing gear, gradual habitat degradation by sluice gates, embankments, disturbances like motorboats and aquatic pollution have resulted in the extirpation of the resident dolphin population from
287-635: Is 41723 km which is nearly 1.38% of the total geographical area of the country. It is on the north by the Barail range separating it from the Brahmaputra sub-basin, on the east by the Na Lushai hills and on the south and west by Bangladesh . The sub-basin lies in the States of Meghalaya , Manipur , Mizoram , Assam , Tripura and Nagaland . In Manipur, in its flow south-west to Tipaimukh, it
328-601: Is among the richest rivers in the world as to aquatic biodiversity, as it contains more than 2,000 species of fish. Other creatures include River Barak or Siamese crocodile (a rare and endangered crocodilian), the susu dolphin , smooth-coated otter and black mugger crocodile . From its origin to its bifurcation at the border of Nagaland producing the Surma River the Barak is 564 kilometres (350 mi) long. The biomes are extremely rich in wildlife and also very diverse in
369-721: Is joined by the Tuivai, and then flows northward to Jirimukh where it is joined by the Jiri river from the north. From here the flow is westward into Cachar , then Karimganj District of Assam, then to Sylhet in Bangladesh having a co-distributary the Surma River , the other later becoming the Meghna before the Ganga - Brahmaputra delta. The Padma joins it to become the Meghna. The Barak
410-403: Is more than 3,000 millimetres (120 in). Its climate is tropical wet; the district has hot and wet summers and cool winters. According to the 2011 census , Cachar district has a population of 1,736,617. It ranks 278th out of a total of 640 districts in India. The district has a population density of 459 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,190/sq mi). Its population growth rate over
451-586: Is one of the most important business centers of Assam. Because of its wet climate, the main crops of the district are rice and tea. The Indian government identified Cachar as one of the country's 250 most backward districts in 2006; there are 640 districts in India. It currently receives funding through the Backward Regions Grant Fund program (BRGF). There are several temples and historic sites in Silchar and Cachar. The village of Khaspur, 20 kilometres (12 mi) from Silchar, features
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#1732765519914492-482: Is the center of government. There are seven Assam Legislative Assembly constituencies in this district: Barkhola , Dholai , Katigorah , Lakhipur , Silchar , Sonai , and Udharbond . These seven constituencies make up the Silchar Lok Sabha constituency . Dholai is designated for scheduled castes , among the most disadvantaged socio-economic groups in India. Silchar is the district headquarters and
533-816: The Barak Valley . In 1562, the Koch dynasty King Chilarai invaded and captured the Barak Valley from the Twipra Kingdom. King Chilarai gave his brother, Kamal Narayan, authority over the region. The descendants of Kamal Narayan ruled the region until the 18th century. After the fall of the Koch kingdom due to no heir, the Dimasa Kingdom took over and ruled most of the undivided Cachar district . Raja Shri Krishna Chandra Dwaja Narayan Hasnu Kacharihe
574-609: The Cachar district of Assam. It enters Bangladesh at Bhanga Bazar . The local rainfall run off of the valley along with that of adjacent hilly areas flows through river Barak and its various tributaries and is drained out to Bangladesh. The Katakhal(Dhaleshwari), Jiri , Chiri , Modhura, Longai , Sonai, Rukni and Singla are the main tributaries of the valley. The tributaries are mainly rain-fed and cause flood problems when precipitation occurs. The Barak sub-basin drains areas in India, Bangladesh and Burma. The drainage area lying in India
615-662: The Chief Commissionership of Assam on 6 February 1874. In the later 19th century, southern Cachar was raided numerous times by the Lushais . After India's partition from Great Britain in 1947, the Karimganj sub-division of undivided Sylhet District became part of the Cachar district. North Cachar was separated from Cachar as Dima Hasao district in 1963, followed by Karimganj district . Hailakandi district
656-993: The Jatinga , the Longai and the Madhura. Tipaimukh Dam is a proposed dam on the river itself. From its source at Liyai Kullen Village in the Manipur state where most people are of the Poumai Naga tribe, the river is known as Vourei . Near its source, the river receives streams such as the Vehrei originating from Phuba Village, the Gumti, Howrah, Kagni, Senai Buri, Hari Mangal, Kakrai, Kurulia, Balujhuri, Shonaichhari and Durduria. It flows southwest in Manipur , until Tipaimukh , where it makes an almost 180-degree U-turn. Then it flows north until Jirimukh , and turns west flowing into
697-665: The Kachari Kingdom . Around the year 1536, the elder prince of Dimasa Kachari, Drikpati, and a younger prince, Dakhin, had a conflict. Dakhin and his followers were driven out and built a new capital at the Barak Valley , declaring themselves as Dibrasa or the Children of the Barak River ( Di means "River", and Brasa means "Barak" ). The Dibrasa were later known as Twiprasa and formed the Twipra Kingdom in
738-493: The stump-tailed macaque , the masked finfoot , and the white-winged wood duck . The sanctuary is also home to tiger , the hoolock gibbon , and the gaur . The Asian elephant is already extinct. The southern part of the district was also recommended as a Dhaleswari wildlife sanctuary but has yet to receive that status. Silchar has an airport, which is located at Kumbhirgram . It is served by regular flights from IndiGo , Air India , and SpiceJet . Broad-gauge railways connect
779-749: The Digboi Centenary Museum, the Railway Heritage Park and Museum, and the Sonitpur District Museum. Barail Wildlife Sanctuary is the only wildlife sanctuary in the district and was established in 2004. The naturalist Dr. Anwaruddin Choudhury worked to create the sanctuary in the early 1980s. Rare species in the sanctuary included the Hoolock gibbon , the phayre's leaf monkey , the pig-tailed macaque ,
820-530: The District. The British annexed Cachar plains on 14 August 1832. The district's headquarters moved to Dudpatil in 1833, and later to its current location of Silchar . Northern Cachar remained a separate principality but came under British occupation in 1854 after the death of Tularam; the British justified this takeover of northern Cachar because of the "misconduct of its rulers." Cachar district became part of
861-1178: The Name of Mikir Hills district changed to Karbi Anglong district . On 1 July 1983, Barpeta district curved out of Kamrup; On 14 July Sonitpur district curved out of Darrang; Jorhat district curved out of Sibsagar, Dhubri district and Kokrajhar district curved out of Goalpara; Karimganj district curved out of Cachar. On 14 August 1985, Nalbari district curved out of Kamrup. On 15 August 1987, Golaghat district curved out of Sibsagar. On 29 September 1989, Hailakandi district curved out of Cachar and Bongaigaon district curved out of Goalpara and Kokrajhar. On 1 October Tinsukia district curved out of Dibrugarh. On 14 October Dhemaji district curved out of Lakhimpur and on 26 November Marigaon district curved out of Nagaon. On 3 February 2003, Kamrup Metropolitan district curved out of Kamrup. On 1 June 2004, Baksa district curved out of Barpeta, Nalbari, and Kamrup; on 4 June, Chirang district curved out of Bongaigaon and Kokrajhar. On 14 June, Udalguri district curved out of Darrang and Sonitpur; along with Kokrajhar district formed BTAD . On 1 April 2010,
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#1732765519914902-816: The Sun Gate, Lion Gate, the king's palace, a temple, and other remains of the 17th century Kachari Kingdom . The ruins of Kachari Fort in Dimapur , Nagaland , date to the 13th century. The Baro Dwari, Bishnu Mandir, Kali Mandir, Singh Duwar, and Snan Ghar are other ancient monuments in the Cachar district. Other sites include Badarpur Fort in Badarpur , Bhubaneswar Shiva temple at Chandragiri in Sonai , Nrimata temple at Barkhola , and Siddeshwar temple in Badarpur. Silchar has several museums, including Assam State Museum ,
943-439: The decade of 2001 to 2011 was 20.17%. Cachar has a sex ratio of 958 females for every 1000 males, and a literacy rate of 80.36%. 18.17% of the population lives in urban areas. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes make up 15.25% and 1.01% of the population, respectively. Hinduism is the main religion in Cachar, including 59.83% of the population. Christians are mainly found in tribal communities, and represent just 2.17% of
984-577: The decision to recreate the four newly merged districts of Biswanath , Hojai , Bajali , and Tamulpur from their original districts. Therefore, the total number of districts in Assam has once again become 35. The areas and populations of the 35 districts are given below: Code Districts within the BTAD District under NC Hill autonomy Barak River The Barak River or Barbakro flows 900 kilometres (560 mi) through
1025-509: The district to Guwahati in Assam and other parts of India including New Delhi , Kolkata and Chennai ; from here, regular train service is provided to all cities in North-East India. Roads connect the district to the rest of the country. In addition, there is regular bus service to cities in North-East India. Cachar district has several well-known educational institutions. Silchar is a major learning hub of Assam. The district has
1066-466: The entire stretch of the river including: Environmentalists have expressed concern over the way aquatic creatures and their habitats are being destroyed in the upper reaches of river in southern Assam. Prominent nature conservation NGO Society for Activists for Forest and Environment (SAFE) has pointed out that the tribals living on both banks of Barak have developed the harmful practice of blasting small gelatin sticks smuggled from Mizoram to kill fish. In
1107-402: The government has withdrawn district status of East Kamrup and South Kamrup due to inadequate infrastructure. The two sub-divisions of East Kamrup district - viz. Chandrapur and Sonapur, is now part of Kamrup Metropolitan district . The sub-divisions of South Kamrup district is now part of Kamrup Rural district. On 27 June 2016, one more district was announced by Sarbananda Sonowal , taking
1148-638: The name of North Cachar Hills district changed to Dima Hasao . On 15 August 2015, Tarun Gogoi , the Chief Minister of Assam , announced the formation of five new districts in the state, taking the total number from 27 to 32. The five new districts are the following: Biswanath (carved out of Sonitpur ); Charaideo (carved out of Sivasagar ); Hojai (carved out of Nagaon ); South Salmara-Mankachar (carved out of Dhubri ); West Karbi Anglong (carved out of Karbi Anglong ). On 26 January 2016, 2 more districts were announced, but on 7 October 2016,
1189-480: The north, and the Sonai River and Daleswari River from the south. The district consists primarily of plains but also includes several ranges of hills throughout the district. At times, the wetlands of the plains flood, forming lakes. The district is mostly a tropical evergreen forest , with large tracts of rainforests in the north and south of the district. The average annual rainfall of Cachar district
1230-634: The official languages of the Cachar district. According to the 2011 census, Bengali is spoken by 75% of the overall population. Although Bengali is the official language, the most common spoken language is Sylheti , generally grouped with Bengali as a dialect. Sylheti Bengalis are the majority ethnic community, but other ethnic groups also live in the district and speak Meitei , Bhojpuri , Bishnupuriya , Dimasa , Rongmei-Naga , Mizo , Khasi , etc. Immigrants from other parts of India are also present and are mainly Hindi speakers. The district has three sub-divisions: Silchar, Lakhipur, and Katigorah. Silchar
1271-410: The process, thousands of fish, young and mature, along with turtles, dolphins and other aquatic life organisms are killed. The Ganges river dolphin is endangered. The proposed Tipaimukh Dam on the river in northeast India – a political controversy between India and Bangladesh – could hasten its extinction, researchers warn. Making a plea for conservation, researchers from Assam state in
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1312-606: The revenue. Generally, an officer belonging to the Indian Administrative Service becomes the DC but occasionally officers belonging to the Assam Civil Service do get appointed. The DC is assisted by a number of officials belonging to different wings of the administrative services of the state. The districts of Assam are grouped together in [Divisions of Assam, five regional divisions], headed by
1353-664: The states of Manipur , Mizoram and Assam in India . It flows into Bangladesh where it bifurcates into the Surma river and the Kushiyara river which converge again to become the Meghna river before forming the Ganges Delta . Of its total length, 524 km (326 mi) is in India, 31 km (19 mi) in Bangladesh. The upper part of its navigable part is in India — 121 km (75 mi) between Lakhipur and Bhanga, declared as National Waterway 6, (NW-6) since
1394-857: The time of the Partition. After many inclusion and exclusion during the independence and later till 1972, Assam formed the present shape with its prime 7 districts. The other 6 districts curved out of Assam; Jayantia, Garo and Khasi were combined and became Meghalya State; Lushiai hills became Mizoram ; Naga hills became Nagaland ; NEFA became Arunachal Pradesh ; the both princely states Tripura and Manipur included in Assam and later separated as state and Koch Bihar became part of West Bengal. On 17 November 1951, United Mikir and North Cachar Hills district curved out of Golaghat, Nagaon, Cachar, Jayantia and Naga hills districts. On 2 February 1970, Mikir Hills district curved out of North Cachar Hills. On 2 October 1976, Dibrugarh district curved out of Lakhimpur and
1435-465: The total number from 32 to 33 which is Majuli (carved out of the Northern parts of Jorhat ). It is the first river island district of India. On 8 August 2020, the Assam cabinet approved a proposal to make Bajali (curved out of Barpeta ) the 34th district of Assam. The Assam Cabinet headed by Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma approved the proposal to make Tamulpur curved out of Baksa district
1476-639: The total population of the region. Among the Bengalis , Hinduism and Islam religions are equally represented, although Muslims are only 37.71% of the region's total population. Sikhism arrived in Cachar after Guru Nanak 's visit to eastern India in 1508. In the early 20th century, most of the Sikhs lived in the northern part of Cachar where they worked for the Assam Bengal Railway . Languages in Cachar district (2011) Bengali and Meitei are
1517-611: The year 2016. It drains a basin of 52,000 km (20,000 sq mi), of which 41,723 km (16,109 sq mi) lies in India , 1.38% (rounded) of the country. The water and banks host or are visited by a wide variety of flora and fauna. The principal tributaries are all in India: the Irang , Tuivai , Sonai (or Tuirial) , the Jiri , the Tlawng (or Dhaleswari, or Katakal),
1558-425: Was assassinated on 24 April 1840 at Haritikar. Because he died without a natural heir, his territories were annexed by the British under doctrine of lapse , adding it as the Cachar district of Assam. The British sent army officer T. Fisher to oversee the region; he established its headquarters at Cherrapunji on 30 June 1830. Fisher was both the magistrate and the collector, later becoming the first Superintendent of
1599-620: Was formed from Cachar district in 1989. Cachar district occupies an area of 3,786 square kilometres (1,462 sq mi). The district is surrounded on the south by Mizoram , to the east by Manipur , to the west by Hailakandi district and Karimganj district , and to the north by the Barali and the Jayantia hill ranges. The Barak River is the main river of the district, along with its tributaries—the Jiri River and Jatinga River from
1640-572: Was the capital of Cachar. The last king of Cachar was Raja Govindra Chandra Dwaja Narayana Hasnu. The British moved into Assam in 1824 during the First Anglo-Burmese War , which was then under Burmese occupation. At the time, the Cachar kingdom was ruled by two leaders—Raja Govindra Chandra Dwaja Narayana Hasnu in the southern plains, and Raja Tularam Thaosen in the North Cachar Hills ( Dima Hasao ). Raja Govinda Chandra
1681-746: Was the most powerful king of the Dimasa Kingdom at Khaspur. During Krishna Chandra's rule, the Manipuri king sought help against the Burmese army. Krishna Chandra defeated the Burmese in battle and was offered the Manipuri Princess Induprabha in thanks. Because Krishna Chandra was already married to Rani Chandraprabha, he asked Princess Induprabha to marry his younger brother, Govinda Chandra Hasnu. During this period, Khaspur