Caïssa is a fictional ( anachronistic ) Thracian dryad portrayed as the goddess of chess . She was first mentioned during the Renaissance by Italian poet Hieronymus Vida .
13-478: Caissa may refer to: Caïssa , a mythical Thracian dryad portrayed as the goddess of chess Caissa (moth) , a moth genus in the family Limacodidae Caissa Capital , a hedge fund based on volatility arbitrage in the late 1990s Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Caissa . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
26-697: A character writes an Acrostic letter that spells Caissa. Victoria Winifred's children's novel, The Princess, the Knight, and the Lost God: A Chess Story , features Caïssa as a character. Bibliography Kaissa Kaissa ( Russian : Каисса ) was a chess program developed in the Soviet Union in the 1960s. It was named so after Caissa , the goddess of chess. Kaissa became the first world computer chess champion in 1974 in Stockholm . By 1967,
39-515: A chess game between Apollo and Mercury in the presence of the other gods, and among them a dryad of chess named Schacchia. In it, to avoid unclassical words such as rochus (chess rook) or alfinus (chess bishop), the rooks are described as towers (armored howdahs ) on elephants ' backs, and the bishops as archers : Tum geminae velut extremis in cornibus arces hinc atque hinc altis stant propugnacula muris, quae dorso immanes gestant in bella Elephanti. "Then twin, as if at
52-635: A computer program by Georgy Adelson-Velsky , Vladimir Arlazarov , Alexander Bitman and Anatoly Uskov on the M-2 computer in Alexander Kronrod ’s laboratory at the Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics had defeated Kotok-McCarthy running on the IBM 7090 at Stanford University . By 1971, Mikhail Donskoy joined with Arlazarov and Uskov to program its successor on an ICL System 4/70 at
65-569: Is common in modern computer chess programs, but was new at that time. The last time when Kaissa participated in WCCC was its third championship, 1980 in Linz , where it finished tied for sixth to eleventh place in a field of eighteen competitors. The development of Kaissa was stopped after that due to a decision by Soviet government that the programmer's time was better spent working on practical projects rather than chess. An IBM PC version of Kaissa
78-544: The Institute of Control Sciences. In 1972 the program played a correspondence match against readers of popular Russian newspaper, Komsomolskaya Pravda . The readers won, 1½-½. It was the journalists of Komsomolskaya Pravda who gave the program its name, Kaissa . Kaissa became the first world computer chess champion in 1974 in Stockholm . The program won all four games and finished first ahead of programs " Chess 4 ", "Chaos" and "Ribbit", which got 3 points. After
91-452: The advances of the god of war, Mars . Spurned, Mars seeks the aid of Euphron, God of Sport (Jones's invention), brother of Venus , who creates the game of chess as a gift for Mars to win Caïssa's favor. It is an unproven assumption that Jones's name "Caïssa" (ka-is-sa) is an equivalent to Vida's name "Scacchia" (ska-ki-a). The English version of Philidor's 1777 Systematic introduction to
104-440: The championship, Kaissa and Chess 4 played a game, which ended in a draw . The success of Kaissa can be explained by the many innovations it introduced. It was the first program to use bitboards . Kaissa contained an opening book with 10,000 moves and used a novel algorithm for move pruning . Also it could search during the opponent's move, used null-move heuristic and had sophisticated algorithms for time management. All this
117-418: The ends, citadels in the corners, here and here stand ramparts with high walls, which are carried into war on the back by immense elephants." A leaked unauthorized 742-line draft version was published in 1525. Its text is very different, and in it the chess rook is a cyclops , and the chess bishop is a centaur archer. The description of towers led to the modern name "castle" for the chess rook, and thus
130-471: The game and the analysis of chess contained Jones's poem. In 1851 the poem was translated into French by Camille Théodore Frédéric Alliey. Caïssa is referred to in chess commentary. The computer program that won the first World Computer Chess Championship (in 1974) was named Kaissa . The card game Android: Netrunner features a program type named Caïssa, which are modeled after chess pieces. In Michael Chabon’s novel The Yiddish Policemen's Union ,
143-608: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caissa&oldid=682216572 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Ca%C3%AFssa The concept of Caïssa originated in a 658-line poem called Scacchia Ludus published in 1527 by Hieronymus Vida (Marco Girolamo Vida), which describes in Latin Virgilian hexameters
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#1732780492240156-683: The term "castling", and the modern shape of the European rook chesspiece. Also for a time, some chess players in Europe called the rook "elephant" and the bishop "archer". In German, Schütze ("archer") became a general word for a chess bishop until displaced by Läufer ("runner") in the 18th century. The young English orientalist William Jones re-used the idea of a chess poem in 1763, in his own poem Caïssa or The Game at Chess written in English heroic couplets . In his poem, Caïssa initially repels
169-535: Was developed in 1990. It took fourth place in the 2nd Computer Olympiad in London in 1990. The second computer chess championship in 1977 in Toronto , featured an unusual game by Kaissa. In the diagram at right, Kaissa (black) was well ahead of its opponent, DUCHESS from Duke University . Kaissa was well ahead on the chess clock, but it gave away a rook with 34...Re8 and lost afterwards. After programmers entered
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