49-1003: (Redirected from Canadian Rugby Football Union ) Canadian Rugby Union may refer to: Football Canada , the governing body of amateur Canadian football in Canada, previously known as the Canadian Rugby Union from 1892 to 1967. Canadian football , the Canadian version of gridiron football, formerly referred to as rugby Rugby Canada , which has governed rugby union in Canada since its incorporation in 1974. Rugby union in Canada Canada national rugby union team , men's Canada women's national rugby union team See also [ edit ] Rugby league in Canada Canada Rugby League ,
98-580: A 4-year cycle. It is an international tournament that is organized by the International Rugby League . The event is played in the league format and features the top 16 teams from around the world with three different winners recorded so far. Australia won the 2017 Rugby League World Cup , played in Australia, New Zealand and Papua New Guinea. The Kangaroos backed this up by winning the 2021 tournament also. The Rugby World Cup , which
147-474: A Tier 2 nation, regularly ranks up with the Tier 1 countries. About a quarter of rugby players are injured in each season. Being a high contact sport, rugby union has the highest announced rates of concussions and outside England also has the highest number of catastrophic injuries out of any team sport. A 2014 study found that during match play concussion was reported at a higher level, and during training at
196-727: A commission to establish uniform rules of play at different levels including collegiate and senior. He approached multiple football coaches and sought feedback on best ways to implement standard playing rules. After the CRU did not operate from 1916 to 1918 due to World War I , Hewitt returned as president for the 1919 season . Due to disagreements on playing rules in Western Canada, lack of interest in Eastern Canada, and students prioritizing studies instead of intercollegiate sports; national playoffs were not held in 1919. Despite
245-719: A long history of being played at state schools until the 1980s) is becoming increasingly popular in comprehensive schools . Despite this stereotype, the game, particularly in the West Country is popular amongst all classes. In contrast, rugby league has traditionally been seen as a working-class pursuit. Another exception to rugby union's upper-class stereotype is in Wales, where it has been traditionally associated with small village teams made up of coal miners and other industrial workers who played on their days off. In Ireland, both rugby union and rugby league are unifying forces across
294-457: A lower level, but still at a higher level than most players of any other sport receive. A rugby ball is a diamond shape ball used for easier passing. Richard Lindon and Bernardo Solano started making balls for Rugby school out of hand stitched, four-panel, leather casings and pigs' bladders. The rugby ball's distinctive shape is supposedly due to the pig's bladder, although early balls were more plum-shaped than oval. The balls varied in size in
343-494: Is both a professional and amateur game, and is dominated by the first tier unions: England , New Zealand , Ireland , Wales , South Africa , Australia , Argentina , Scotland , Italy , France and Japan . Second and third tier unions include Belgium , Brazil , Canada , Chile , Fiji , Georgia , Germany , Hong Kong , Kenya , Namibia , the Netherlands , Portugal , Romania , Russia , Samoa , Spain , Tonga ,
392-523: Is popular in working class communities. Nevertheless, rugby league is perceived as the game of the working-class people in northern England and in the Australian states of New South Wales and Queensland. In the United Kingdom, rugby union fans sometimes used the term "rugger" as an alternative name for the sport (see Oxford '-er' ), although this archaic expression has not had currency since
441-636: Is the governing body for gridiron football in Canada headquartered in Ottawa , Ontario . Football Canada focuses primarily its own Canadian form of the sport, and is currently the world's only national governing body for Canadian football . The governing body is also Canada's representative member of the International Federation of American Football (IFAF), the world's governing body for American football . In this capacity, it organizes
490-617: The Canada men's national team which competes in IFAF competitions using American rules. The organization, which is now known as Football Canada, was founded on June 12, 1880, as the Canadian Rugby Football Union , disbanded then revived on October 21, 1882, and re-organized as the Canadian Rugby Union on December 19, 1891. The CRU was founded to govern a sport which at the time had rules similar to
539-545: The International Rugby Board (IRB). In the years that followed, the CRU made numerous rule changes that resulted in a game reasonably similar to the American one but unrecognizable to a rugby union enthusiast. In the early-1910s, CRU held annual discussions dealing with rules changes due to the influence American football . The CRU elected W. A. Hewitt president for the 1915 season . He appointed
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#1732772950398588-400: The International Rugby League (rugby league). Canadian football and, to a lesser extent, American football were once considered forms of rugby football, but are seldom now referred to as such. The governing body of Canadian football, Football Canada , was known as the Canadian Rugby Union as late as 1967, more than fifty years after the sport parted ways with rugby rules. Following
637-630: The Rugby Football Union (RFU). In 1892, after charges of professionalism (compensation of team members) were made against some clubs for paying players for missing work, the Northern Rugby Football Union , usually called the Northern Union (NU), was formed. The existing rugby union authorities responded by issuing sanctions against the clubs, players, and officials involved in the new organization. After
686-699: The Rugby Football Union to form the Northern Rugby Football Union (renamed the Rugby Football League in 1922) at the George Hotel , Huddersfield , over payments to players who took time off work to play ("broken-time payments"), thus making rugby league the first code to turn professional and pay players. Rugby union turned professional one hundred years later, following the 1995 Rugby World Cup in South Africa. The respective world governing bodies are World Rugby (rugby union) and
735-630: The United States , Russia , Lebanon , Serbia , Europe and Australasia, there are two major professional competitions—the Australasian National Rugby League and the Super League . International Rugby League is dominated by Australia , England and New Zealand , though Tonga and Samoa have threatened this hegemony regularly since 2017. In Papua New Guinea , it is the national sport. Other nations from
784-476: The United States , rugby developed into gridiron football . During the late 1800s (and even the early 1900s), the two forms of the game were very similar (to the point where the United States was able to win the gold medal for rugby union at the 1920 and 1924 Summer Olympics), but numerous rule changes have differentiated the gridiron-based game from its rugby counterpart, introduced by Walter Camp in
833-811: The Western Interprovincial Football Union in the West were far more competitive than other circuits. By the 1950s, the two major unions had become openly professional, and in 1956 formed the Canadian Football Council (CFC) as an umbrella organization. In 1958, the CFC seceded from the CRU and became the Canadian Football League , whose teams became the sole competitors for the Grey Cup (though
882-600: The rugby football being played in the United Kingdom . In 1909, Albert Grey, 4th Earl Grey , Governor General of Canada , donated a trophy to the CRU to be awarded for the Rugby Football Championship of Canada. This trophy became known as the Grey Cup . Even by this time, however, the rules being played in Canada were vastly different from the rules used in countries that were part of
931-401: The rugby league positions have names and requirements similar to rugby union positions . Notably, however, there are no flankers in rugby league. In England, rugby union is widely regarded as an "establishment" sport, played mostly by members of the upper and middle classes . For example, many pupils at public schools and grammar schools play rugby union, although the game (which had
980-410: The tackle and its aftermath: Set pieces of the union code include the scrum and the line-out . The scrum occurs after a minor infringement of the rules (most often a knock-on, when a player knocks the ball forward). After an infringement, packs of opposing players "scrum" or push against each other for possession. In a line-out , parallel lines of players from each team, arranged perpendicular to
1029-415: The touch-line , attempt to catch the ball thrown from touch . A rule has been added to line-outs which allows the jumper to be pulled down once a players' feet are on the ground. In the league code, the scrum still exists albeit with greatly reduced importance. In league, the scrum involves fewer players and is rarely contested. Set pieces are generally started from the play-the-ball situation. Many of
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#17327729503981078-464: The 1895 split in rugby football, the two forms rugby league and rugby union differed in administration only. Soon, however, the desire among the northern clubs to make the rules simpler and more attractive to paying spectators meant that the rules of rugby league were modified e.g. reducing teams from 15 to 13 players, removing the line-out and replacing the ruck with the play-the-ball , resulting in two distinct sports. The form of rugby played at
1127-514: The 1950s or earlier. New Zealanders refer to rugby union simply as either "rugby" or "union", or even simply "football", and to rugby league as "rugby league" or "league". In the U.S., people who play rugby are sometimes called "ruggers", a term little used elsewhere except facetiously. There is a strong tradition of rugby union in France , particularly in the Basque, Occitan and Catalan areas along
1176-674: The CRU changed its name to the Canadian Amateur Football Association (CAFA) in 1967. The CAFA changed its name again to Football Canada in 1986. In French, its name had long been Football Canada. Men's Women's Played from 2014-20, the annual International Bowl series was a collaboration between Football Canada and USA Football featuring a series of exhibition games between the rival football nations in Texas in January and February. The event built on
1225-674: The Olympic Games is known as rugby sevens , based broadly on a rugby union format, and organised by World Rugby. In this form of the game, each team has seven players on the field at one time playing seven-minute halves. The rules and pitch size are the same as rugby union. Rugby Nines represents a similar innovation in the league code. Although rugby football was codified at Rugby School , many rugby playing countries had pre-existing football games similar to rugby. Forms of traditional football similar to rugby have been played throughout Europe and beyond. Many of these involved handling of
1274-725: The South Pacific and Europe also play in the Pacific Cup and European Cup respectively. The premier international competition is the Rugby League World Cup , which is contested quadrennially. The premier international club competition is the World Club Challenge , which is contested annually in February. Currently there are two major domestic professional leagues globally: In Canada and
1323-564: The United States , Uruguay and Zimbabwe. Rugby Union is administered by World Rugby (WR), whose headquarters are located in Dublin , Ireland. It is the national sport in New Zealand, Fiji, Samoa, Tonga, Georgia, Wales and Madagascar , and is the most popular form of rugby globally. The Olympic Games have admitted the seven-a-side version of the game, known as Rugby sevens , into the programme from Rio de Janeiro in 2016 onwards. There
1372-466: The United States and John Thrift Meldrum Burnside in Canada. Among unique features of the North American game are Worldwide, there are two major professional leagues of gridiron football, both domestic: Distinctive features common to both rugby codes include the use of an oval ball and the prohibition of the forward pass . Due to the prohibition, players can gain ground only by running with
1421-484: The above include New Zealand (although rugby league is still considered to be a lower class game by many or a game for 'westies' referring to lower class western suburbs of Auckland and more recently, southern Auckland where the game is also dominant), Wales, France (except Paris), Cornwall, Gloucestershire, Somerset, Scottish Borders, County Limerick (see Munster Rugby ) and the Pacific Islands, where rugby union
1470-529: The amateurs had effectively been locked out since 1954). During the CFL's Grey Cup meetings in November 1966 , the CRU transferred its ownership of the Grey Cup to a CFL trusteeship. In exchange, the CRU received $ 50,000 per year to assist the development of amateur football. As an organization with no direct jurisdiction over the professional clubs and having become a distinct sport from rugby union by this time,
1519-474: The ball or by kicking it. Furthermore, unlike American and Canadian football, neither league nor union players wear any sort of protection or armour. The two rugby codes differ as the result of changes made to the rules of rugby league . League implemented these changes with the aim of making a faster-paced and more try-oriented game than rugby union . The main differences between the two games, besides league having teams of 13 players and union of 15, involve
Canadian Rugby Union - Misplaced Pages Continue
1568-482: The ball, and scrummaging formations. For example, New Zealand had Kī-o-rahi , Australia marn grook , Japan kemari , Georgia lelo burti , the Scottish Borders Jeddart Ba' and Cornwall Cornish hurling , Central Italy Calcio Fiorentino , South Wales cnapan , East Anglia Campball , Ireland caid , an ancestor of Gaelic football , and France had La Soule . In 1871, English clubs met to form
1617-747: The beginning depending upon how large the pig's bladder was. In rugby union, World Rugby regulates the size and shape of the ball under Law 2 (also known as Law E.R.B); an official rugby union ball is oval and made of four panels, has a length in-line of 280–300 millimetres, a circumference (end to end) of 740–770 millimetres, and a circumference (in width) of 580–620 millimetres. It is made of leather or suitable synthetic material and may be treated to make it water resistant and easier to grip. The rugby ball may not weigh more than 460 grams or less than 410 and has an air pressure of 65.71–68.75 kilopascals , or 0.67–0.70 kilograms per square centimetre, or 9.5–10.0 lbs per square inch. Spare balls are allowed under
1666-559: The border with Spain. The game is very popular in South Africa, having been introduced by English-speaking settlers in the 19th century. British colonists also brought the game with them to Australia and New Zealand, where the game is widely played. It has spread since to much of Polynesia, having particularly strong followings in Fiji, Samoa, and Tonga. Rugby union continues to grow in the Americas and parts of Asia as well. French influence, and
1715-480: The condition that players or teams do not seek an advantage by changing the ball. Smaller sized balls may also be used in games between younger players. Much larger versions of traditional balls are also available for purchase, but these are mainly for their novelty attraction. The Rugby League World Cup was the first World Cup of either of the Rugby codes and was first held in France in 1954 , and as of 2013 occurs on
1764-616: The divergence, the sport continued to be referred to as rugby for many years. The CRU did not change its name despite the obvious confusion (rugby union was known as English rugby in Canada). By the 1940s, however, another development was to cause further changes to the CRU's mandate. It was now clear that two of its member leagues, the Interprovincial Rugby Football Union in Eastern Canada and
1813-525: The four-year period, with the exceptions of 2021 and 2026 for the RLWC.. Rugby shirts were formerly entirely made of cotton but are now made of synthetic fabric. This material has the advantage of not absorbing as much water or mud as cotton. Owing to the more aggressive nature of the game, rugby clothing, in general, is designed to be much more robust and hardwearing than that worn for association football. The rugby jerseys are slightly different depending on
1862-574: The governing body for rugby league in Canada Canada national rugby league team , men's Canada women's national rugby league team Rugby sevens in Canada Canada national rugby sevens team Canada women's national rugby sevens team Rugby in Canada (disambiguation) Football in Canada (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
1911-557: The influence of ex-pat students studying in France, expanded rugby's reach to Romania and Georgia which are the preeminent European nations behind the Six Nations Championship . British influence spread the game to Argentina, where the game took root, and the game developed in Italy thanks to influence from both France and Argentina; both Argentina and Italy have become Tier 1 nations in the sport, while Georgia. officially
1960-525: The logo of the team on the upper left chest. With the popularity of rugby over the years, many betting establishments have made it possible for viewers of the game to place wagers on games. The various types of wagers that can be placed on games vary, however, the main types of bets that can be placed are as follows: Like most team sports, both forms of rugby are vulnerable to match-fixing, particularly bets involving easily manipulated outcomes such as conceding penalties and first point scorer. A recent example
2009-747: The national and sectarian divide, with the Ireland international teams representing both political entities. In Australia, support for both codes is concentrated in New South Wales, Queensland and the Australian Capital Territory (55% of the population), though rugby league is far more popular. The same perceived class barrier as exists between the two games in England also occurs in these states, fostered by rugby union's prominence and support at private schools. Exceptions to
Canadian Rugby Union - Misplaced Pages Continue
2058-588: The organization partnered with the CFL to further refine the program. These are the CRU champions before the dedication of the Grey Cup. The 1909 game was the first game for the Grey Cup. See the article ' List of Grey Cup champions ' for the complete Grey Cup listing. Source: Ottawa Citizen, November 28, 1910, page 8. Rugby football Rugby football is the collective name for the team sports of rugby union or rugby league . Rugby football started at Rugby School in Rugby, Warwickshire , England, where
2107-704: The previous International Bowl (2010 – 2013) format of Team USA vs. Team World. Canada's under-18 team for the International Bowl was selected from the top players and coaches at the prior summer's Football Canada Cup. Football Canada offers coaches training through the National Coaching Certification Program (NCCP) for flag, touch and tackle football. NCCP streams As part of its NCCP program, Football Canada's Safe Contact module teaches safe contact tackling and blocking as well as concussion education. In 2014,
2156-573: The rules were first codified in 1845. Forms of football in which the ball was carried and tossed date to the Middle Ages (see medieval football ). Rugby football spread to other English public schools in the 19th century and across the British Empire as former pupils continued to play it. Rugby football split into two codes in 1895, when twenty-one clubs from the North of England left
2205-494: The schism, the separate clubs were named "rugby league" and "rugby union". Walter Camp proposed at the US College Football 1880 rules convention that the contested scrummage be replaced with a " line of scrimmage " where the team with the ball started with uncontested possession. This change effectively started the evolution of the modern game of gridiron football away from its rugby origins. Rugby union
2254-491: The title Canadian Rugby Union . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Canadian_Rugby_Union&oldid=1150658836 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Football Canada Football Canada
2303-482: The type of rugby game played. The shirts worn by rugby league footballers commonly have a large "V" around the neck. The players in rugby union wear jerseys with a more traditional design, sometimes completely white ( Cahors Rugby in France). The number of the player and his or her surname are placed on the upper back of the jersey (often name above number, with the number being significantly larger and more central), and
2352-631: Was a possibility sevens would be a demonstration sport at the 2012 London Olympics but many sports including sevens were dropped. The premier international competition is the Rugby World Cup . Currently there are four major domestic professional leagues globally: Rugby league is also both a professional and amateur game, administered on a global level by the Rugby League International Federation . In addition to amateur and semi-professional competitions in
2401-420: Was first held in New Zealand and Australia in 1987 , occurs every four years. It is an international tournament organized by World Rugby . The event is played in the union format and features the top 20 teams from around the world with four different winners recorded so far. South Africa won the 2023 Rugby World Cup , which was played in France. Since 2013, these two World Cups alternate every two years during
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