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30-593: Capotillo may refer to Capotillo (FB 101), a Dominican Navy ship which originally was the American lighthouse tender USLHT Camellia Ensanche Capotillo , a sector of the city of Santo Domingo in the Dominican Republic Capotillo, Dajabón , a municipal district in Loma de Cabrera, Dajabón Province , Dominican Republic Topics referred to by

60-1018: A coastal defense "torpedo service" that required vessels capable of placing the devices and associated firing cables as early as the late 19th century. By 1904 the first vessels specifically designed for this work were under construction in the United States. These were to emplace the controlled minefields that were a major part of the Endicott program that was the origin of the Coast Artillery Corps . The outbreak of naval warfare in World War I saw extensive use of sea mines. The first naval ships destined to be minelayers were first termed mine planters as seen in Navy ship references. The term appears to be used interchangeably in naval usage during that period. For example, in an address to

90-607: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages USLHT Camellia USLHT Camellia was a lighthouse tender in commission in the fleet of the United States Lighthouse Service from 1911 to 1917 and from 1919 to 1939, and – as USCGC Camellia (WAGL-206) – in the fleet of the United States Coast Guard from 1939 to 1947. During World War I she briefly saw war service with

120-620: Is usual in naval minelayers . As a result, many of these vessels had particular applicability to the U.S. Coast Guard buoy tending role. A number of the pre-World War II ships became the Coast Guard Speedwell class through the U.S. Lighthouse Service (USLHS) after a 1920 reduction in the Army. Several became small cable ships. A number of the World War II-constructed vessels followed their predecessors of

150-457: The Middle East , the U.S. Coast Guard was transferred to the control of the U.S. Navy under Executive Order 8929, and Camellia thus again came under U.S. Navy control only weeks before the United States entered the war on 7 December 1941. She was assigned the hull classification symbol WAGL-206 in 1942. Returned to U.S. Coast Guard control after the conclusion of World War II, Camellia

180-851: The Racine Boat Manufacturing Company in Muskegon , Michigan , for the United States Lighthouse Service . She was commissioned into service in the Lighthouse Service's fleet as USLHT Camellia on 13 July 1911. Early in her career, Camellia operated in the Eighth Lighthouse District along the United States Gulf Coast . Her home port was at New Orleans , Louisiana . The United States entered World War I on 6 April 1917, and by executive order Camellia

210-432: The U.S. Navy ships of Mine Squadron One at Portland , England Admiral Sims used the term "mine layer" while the introduction speaks of the men assembled from the "mine planters". As the distinct difference between "planting" individual mines and "laying" mine barrages by dropping large numbers of mines at sea emerged the term minelayer began to apply to the naval vessels engaged and built for this type of operation. In

240-735: The United States Army in 1917 before serving as the United States Navy patrol vessel USS Camellia from 1917 to 1919. She also saw service in World War II under U.S. Navy control while in the Coast Guard fleet. After the conclusion of her United States Government career, she operated for decades in the service of the Dominican Navy as Capotillo (FB 101) . Camellia was constructed in 1911 by

270-503: The Distribution Box Boat (DB Boat), was designed to install and maintain the distribution boxes from which individual cables branched to each mine in a mine group. A number of the later Distribution Box Boats ended up in the Navy, often becoming known simply as "Box Boats" or "Box L" boats working as small service vessels or still working in harbor defense. Mine Yawls and other small craft assisted in both mine work and all

300-607: The U.S. Department of War transferred Camellia to the United States Department of the Navy for United States Navy wartime service. Commissioned into Navy service as USS Camellia , she operated as a patrol vessel in the Eighth Naval District along the U.S. Gulf Coast through the end of the war on 11 November 1918 and during its immediate aftermath. The Navy transferred her back to the Lighthouse Service on 1 July 1919. As USLHT Camellia ,

330-493: The USLHS/USCG in going from Navy to the Coast Guard as postwar buoy tenders. The first specialized Army mine planters were built in 1904, with a second group in 1909. These were to emplace and maintain the controlled minefields that were a major part of the Endicott program that was the origin of the Coast Artillery Corps . These ships were designed to plant mines but lacked full, specialized capability to lay and maintain

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360-399: The coastal defense system the usage of mine planter was continued. In the United States 1918 saw the creation of the U. S. Army Mine Planter Service (USAMPS). The designation of mine planter was continued for the largest specialized ships of that service until the effective end of the service in the closing years of World War II. During that time the formal usage of Mine Planter was applied to

390-403: The coastal fortification systems. During Army's summer camp for Army Reserve , National Guard and ROTC or occasional official visits they served as cruise vessels for tours and occasional entertainment. The ships were assigned transportation duty as required and when available to support Coast Artillery missions. The entire concept of massive fixed fortifications was shown to be obsolete in

420-494: The early days of World War II. By the end of the war the Coast Artillery Corps mission was already shifting to air defense and coast fortifications were being stripped. The Mine Planter Service ships appear to be engaged more in their collateral duties than working the minefields. One of the M 1 (1942–43) ships, General Samuel M. Mills of 1942, was retained by the Army and assigned to other missions while another

450-455: The minefield control cables. Some of these ships are noted in official documents as "torpedo planters", showing the evolution of terminology. Ships under Signal Corps direction assisted. One of the ships, Joseph Henry , was taken into the Coast Artillery Corps for that purpose. Cable ships Cyrus W. Field and Joseph Henry were associated with mine cable work and next generation mine planter development that incorporated cable capability into

480-414: The mines and anchors along with associated cables over the side for planting. Adequate deck space was also required for safe work and to carry the mines. Stability was also a factor as some of the small vessels had shown themselves to be less than stable with such loads. By the early days of the 20th century the Army's experience with some of these vessels indicated a need for a design specifically adapted to

510-679: The mines and installing and maintaining the control and communications cables of the coastal fortifications was underway on the entry of the United States into WW II. Sixteen new vessels were planned or started by that time at the Marietta Manufacturing yard at Point Pleasant, West Virginia . Those ships were delivered to the Mine Planter Service during 1942 and 1943, designated the M 1 Mine Planter and given MP numbers. The mine planting process required assistance by other, smaller vessels. Some, almost as capable as

540-490: The new ships. Joseph Henry was taken into the Mine Planter Service. Cyrus W. Field appears listed only in association with mine cable work and with the mine planters in archival records. A year after the 1918 establishment of the Mine Planter Service the next generation of vessels specifically designed to plant and maintain the mines and cables comprising the mine battery of the harbor defense commands

570-472: The other duties of small vessels within the harbor defenses, in which individual forts or batteries were often separated by large bodies of water. Other nations using precisely placed, cable connected mines in controlled mine fields for coastal defense required vessels similar in function. The 1945 Mine Disposal Handbook shows controlled mines being in the inventory for the United States, Britain, Germany, Italy and Japan. Examples of analogous vessels include

600-401: The planters, were termed Junior Mine Planter. The Junior Mine Planters were often commercial designs, with a number converted or specially built during the war. In 1919 there were over 30 Junior Mine Planters. They occasionally show up as "Mine Planter" with the "Junior" dropped. One, General Richard Arnold , a 1909 tug, sank in the process of rescuing another mine vessel. A specialized vessel,

630-453: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Capotillo . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Capotillo&oldid=907539062 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description

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660-489: The ship returned to lighthouse tender duty. In 1933, her original steam engines were replaced by Atlas-Imperial diesel engines . On 1 July 1939, the U.S. Lighthouse Service was abolished and the United States Coast Guard took over its responsibilities and assets, and Camellia thus became part of the Coast Guard fleet as USCGC Camellia . On 1 November 1941, with World War II raging in Europe , North Africa , and

690-576: The ships and their names were prefixed by U.S. Army Mine Planter (USAMP). The USAMPS was formally ended in 1954 by Congress in the Warrant Officer Personnel Act some five years after its vessels had been dispersed. The earliest U.S. vessels involved in the work were not specially designed for the purpose. Vessels capable of handling heavy loads over the side were drafted into the function. Some were small tugs and other commercial types. The ship required suitable rigging to lift

720-600: The vessels required to place the torpedoes were termed torpedo planters with the equipment evolving with the mines. For example, in the record of the Sixtieth Congress of 1908 there is mention of "procurement of one torpedo planter and two launches for the Hawaiian Islands" in connection with submarine mines in Hawaiian Island defenses. In the United States and some other countries there was

750-446: The work. By 1904 the first of these ships were under construction. The planters and associated vessels performed a number of duties beyond tending the minefields. Target towing was a specific task assigned to the vessels. They also served as observation platforms during demonstration or exercise firing of either the fortification guns or mines. In the later, cable capable vessels, they laid telephone and other communication cables within

780-508: Was decommissioned on 29 December 1947. The United States Government transferred the ship to the Dominican Republic in 1949. In Dominican Navy service, she was renamed Capotillo (FB 101) and reclassified as "Service Craft No. 1." She was still in service in the 1980s, but her subsequent fate is unknown. Mine planter (vessel) The earliest naval mines were the "torpedoes" associated with harbor defenses. Thus

810-402: Was added to the fleet. A year later, 1920, saw a major reduction in the Army and the transfer of six of these new ships to the U.S. Lighthouse Service . The former mine planters were converted to lighthouse tenders and buoy tenders . The Lighthouse Service was merged into the U.S. Coast Guard in 1939, and the former mine planters were transferred accordingly. Only one ship of this class

840-497: Was among a number of lighthouse tenders the Lighthouse Service transferred to the United States Department of War on 11 April 1917 for United States Army service on coastal defense duties. Among other things, the lighthouse tenders deployed submarine nets to defend harbors and those outfitted with mine-planting gear – as Camellia had been even before the declaration of war – also placed controlled minefields to protect harbors from penetration by enemy vessels. On 1 July 1917,

870-596: Was built. She was the first fully capable cable ship and mine planter with diesel electric power. The USAMP Ellery W. Niles , captioned in a photo as "The last word in mine planters" and a major change into a more modern and capable form. After a tour of the East Coast Ellery W. Niles went on to serve on the West Coast based in San Francisco . The requirement for more ships capable of planting

900-595: Was sold directly to commercial interests and became a fishing vessel. By early 1944 most of the 1942–43 ships were being transferred to the U.S. Navy to be converted into a class termed the Auxiliary Minelayer (ACM/MMA) with some of those vessels already working in the European Theater or headed to Japan when the war ended. Mine planters were designed to handle heavy mines over the side, rather than dropping mines astern from racks or rails as

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