Angelo Celli (25 March 1857 – 2 November 1914) was an Italian physician , hygienist , parasitologist and philanthropist known for his pioneering work on the malarial parasite and control of malaria . He was Professor of Hygiene at the University of Palermo , and then at the Sapienza University of Rome . He founded the Pasteur Institute of Italy. With his wife Anna Fraentzel he established a number of medical schools in the Roman Campagna and dispensaries in Rome. He and Ettore Marchiafava correctly described the protozoan parasite that caused malaria and gave it the scientific name Plasmodium in 1885. Understanding the nature of malaria, he was among the first scientists to advocate and work for eradication of insects to prevent infectious diseases . He was elected to the Senate of the Kingdom of Italy in 1892.
24-1064: Celli is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: Angelo Celli (1857-1914), Italian physician Antonio Celli (1595–1645), Italian Roman Catholic bishop Camus Celli , American songwriter, record producer and entrepreneur Claudio Maria Celli (born 1941), Italian Roman Catholic archbishop Giorgio Celli (1935–2011), Italian politician Gregorio Celli (1225–1343), Italian Roman Catholic priest Joseph Celli (born 1944), American musician and composer Luca Celli (born 1979), Italian cyclist Oscar Celli Gerbasi (1946-2016), Venezuelan politician Ottorino Celli (born 1980), Italian cyclist Paola Celli (born 1967), Italian swimmer Rita Celli (born c. 1969), Canadian radio journalist Rose Celli (1895–1982), French novelist, playwright, translator and poet Teresa Celli (born 1924), American actress Vincenzo Celli (1900–1988), Italian-American ballet dancer and choreographer [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with
48-606: A German nurse Anna Fraentzel (born 1878), who was known for her voluntary health service during the First World War . They met in Hamburg where Celli was on a professional visit. They got married in 1899 and worked together in Rome. Celli died in 1914, and his wife in 1958. They are both interred in the cemetery of Frascati. In 1880 with Ettore Marchiafava Celli studied a new protozoan discovered by Alphonse Laveran in
72-575: A bacteria-like fashion. Binary fission in organisms can occur in four ways: irregular , longitudinal , transverse , or oblique . For example: Binary fission means "division into two". It is the simplest and most common method of asexual reproduction. Multiple fission at the cellular level occurs in many protists , e.g. sporozoans and algae . The nucleus of the parent cell divides several times by amitosis , producing several nuclei. The cytoplasm then separates, creating multiple daughter cells. Some parasitic, single-celled organisms undergo
96-491: A cell wall, called L-form bacteria , shows that FtsZ requires a cell wall to work. Little is known about how bacteria that naturally don't grow a cell wall divide, but it is thought to resemble the L-form's budding -like division process of extrusion and separation. Binary fission is generally rapid, though its speed varies between species. For E. coli , cells typically divide about every 20 minutes at 37 °C. Because
120-428: A multiple fission-like process to produce numerous daughter cells from a single parent cell. Isolates of the human parasite Blastocystis hominis were observed to begin such a process within 4 to 6 days. Cells of the fish parasite Trypanosoma borreli have also been observed participating in both binary and multiple fission. In the apicomplexans , a phylum of parasitic protists, multiple fission, or schizogony ,
144-410: A single entity produces multiple parts. Organisms in the domains of Archaea and Bacteria reproduce with binary fission. This form of asexual reproduction and cell division is also used by some organelles within eukaryotic organisms (e.g., mitochondria ). Binary fission results in the reproduction of a living prokaryotic cell (or organelle) by dividing the cell into two parts, each with
168-427: Is a form of asexual reproduction or cloning, where an organism is split into fragments. Each of these fragments develop into mature, fully grown individuals that are clones of the original organism. In echinoderms , this method of reproduction is usually known as fissiparity . Any splitting of a single population of individuals into discrete parts may be considered fission. A population may undergo fission process for
192-658: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles Angelo Celli Angelo Celli graduated in medicine in 1878 at the Sapienza University of Rome . He joined the pathology department as assistant to Tommasi-Crudeli . In 1886, he was appointed Professor of Hygiene at the University of Palermo. He founded the Pasteur Institute at Palermo in 1887. He returned to the University of Rome in 1888 where he worked to his last day. Celli married
216-614: Is famous in Rome (a marble sculpture of him is in the "Biblioteca dell'Istituto d'Igiene “G. Santarelli” in the Città Universitaria near Pincio ) for his achievements as a hygienist, sociologist , and parliamentary deputy. After the formation of the Chinino di stato (a state organisation controlling prices of drugs, preventing sales of illegal or counterfeit drugs, and prosecuting speculators), he ensured that it applied to malaria medicines. The drugs were soon supplied free to
240-500: Is limited by factors including nutrient availability and available space, so binary fission occurs at much lower rates in bacterial cultures once they enter the stationary phase of growth. Thermoproteota (formerly Crenarchaeota ) possess neither a cell wall nor the FtsZ mechanism. They use a primitive version of the eukaryotic ESCRT -III system (also known as Cdv ) to manipulate the membrane into separating, specifically by coming into
264-607: Is manifested either as merogony , sporogony , or gametogony . Merogony results in merozoites , which are multiple daughter cells that originate within the same cell membrane; sporogony results in sporozoites , and gametogony results in micro gametes . Green algae can divide into more than two daughter cells. The exact number of daughter cells depends on the species of algae and is an effect of temperature and light. Most species of bacteria primarily undergo binary reproduction. Some species and groups of bacteria may undergo multiple fission as well, sometimes beginning or ending with
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#1732765823598288-426: Is the division of a single entity into two or more parts and the regeneration of those parts to separate entities resembling the original. The object experiencing fission is usually a cell , but the term may also refer to how organisms , bodies, populations , or species split into discrete parts. The fission may be binary fission , in which a single organism produces two parts, or multiple fission , in which
312-801: The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine . Although the Celli archives are preserved at the Faculty of experimental medicine and pathology of the Sapienza University of Rome, some letters and documents attesting Celli's constant engagement in favour of public healthcare and his passion as scholar and teacher of hygiene are kept in the library of the Museo Galileo in Florence . Fission (biology) Fission , in biology,
336-407: The surname Celli . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Celli&oldid=1214469837 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
360-838: The Peasants of Agro Romano (vast areas of land around Rome)and Paludi Pontine (Pontine Marshes)" to educate and inform them. This scheme was subsequently adopted by Argentina and Greece. Celli's scientific and social achievements led to his receiving the Laurea Honoris Causa from the University of Athens and the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health in London. He was awarded the Mary Kingsley medal by
384-459: The blood of malarial patients. Subsequently, it was shown to be the causative agent of malaria. He studied the biology and pathogenesis of the malarial plasmodium for years after this, working with Ettore Marchiafava, Amico Bignami , Giovanni Battista Grassi and Giuseppe Bastianelli . They were the first to use proper staining (with methylene blue ) to identify malarial parasites as distinct blue-coloured particles in blood cells. They showed that
408-470: The middle of the two soon-to-be daughter cells. Euryarchaeota use FtsZ like bacteria do. Some organelles in eukaryotic cells reproduce using binary fission. Mitochondrial fission occurs frequently within the cell, even when the cell is not actively undergoing mitosis, and is necessary to regulate the cell's metabolism . All chloroplasts and some mitochondria (not in animals), both organelles derived from endosymbiosis of bacteria, also use FtsZ in
432-450: The new cells will, in turn, undergo binary fission on their own, the time binary fission requires is also the time the bacterial culture requires to double in the number of cells it contains. This time period can, therefore, be referred to as the doubling time . Some species other than E. coli may have faster or slower doubling times: some strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis may have doubling times of nearly 100 hours. Bacterial growth
456-412: The parasites lived inside the blood cell, and that they divide by simple splitting ( fission ). They were the first to recognize several of the stages of development of the malarial parasite in human blood. They called the new microorganism Plasmodium in 1885. Their works helped to differentiate different types of malaria as a result of infection with different species of Plasmodium . Angelo Celli
480-638: The poor. At the time the Pontine Marshes , the wetlands in Tuscany for instance Maremma and Basilicata were malarial areas. Francisco Saverio Nitti asserted that Atella , as an example, remained deserted until the adoption of the laws passed by the Chinino di Stato. Since the populations were illiterate and had a fatalistic attitude to malaria, he organized “Le Scuole per i Contadini dell'Agro Romano e le Paludi Pontine,” in English, "Schools for
504-444: The potential to grow to the size of the original. The single DNA molecule first replicates, then attaches each copy to a different part of the cell membrane. When the cell begins to pull apart, the replicated and original chromosomes are separated. The consequence of this asexual method of reproduction is that all the cells are genetically identical, meaning that they have the same genetic material (barring random mutations ). Unlike
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#1732765823598528-411: The processes of mitosis and meiosis used by eukaryotic cells, binary fission takes place without the formation of a spindle apparatus on the cell. Like in mitosis (and unlike in meiosis), the parental identity is not lost. FtsZ is homologous to β-tubulin , the building block of the microtubule cytoskeleton used during mitosis in eukaryotes. FtsZ is thought to be the first protein to localize to
552-652: The production of spores . The species Metabacterium polyspora , a symbiont of guinea pigs , has been found to produce multiple endospores in each division. Some species of cyanobacteria have also been found to reproduce through multiple fission. Some protozoans reproduce by yet another mechanism of fission called plasmotomy . In this type of fission, a multinucleate adult parent undergoes cytokinesis to form two multinucleate (or coenocytic ) daughter cells. The daughter cells so produced undergo further mitosis. Opalina and Pelomyxa reproduce in this way. Fragmentation in multicellular or colonial organisms
576-499: The site of future division in bacteria, and it assembles into a Z ring, anchored by FtsZ-binding proteins and defines the division plane between the two daughter cells. MinC and MinD function together as division inhibitors, blocking formation of the FtsZ ring. MinE stops the MinCD activity midcell, allowing FtsZ to take over for binary fission. More specifically, the following steps occur: Studies of bacteria made to not produce
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