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23-568: In 214 BC, Chaozhou was an undeveloped part of Nanhai Commandery ( 南海郡 ) of the Qin dynasty . In 331 during the Eastern Jin dynasty , Haiyang ( 海陽縣 ) was established as a part of Dongguan Commandery ( 東官郡 ). The Dongguan Commandery was renamed Yi'an Commandery ( 義安郡 ) in 413. The commandery became a prefecture in 590 during the early Sui dynasty , first as Xun Prefecture ( 循州 ; Xúnzhōu ), then as Chao Prefecture ( 潮州 ; Cháozhōu ) in

46-543: A Chaozhou opera, and fan-playing and acrobatic skills are more prominent than in other types of performances. Kung fu tea , the 'espresso' of Chinese teas with a formidable kick, which was first created in the Song dynasty , is still flourishing and remains an important part of social etiquette in Chaozhou. Visitors to local families can be sure of at least one round of Kung Fu tea. Though it tastes bitter when it first reaches

69-617: A new county, Zengcheng , was created. By 140 AD, the population had grown to 71,477 households (250,282 individuals). Jin dynasty unified the Three Kingdoms in 280. At the time, the commandery recorded a population of 9,500 households. Two new commanderies were split off from Nanhai during Eastern Jin : Dongguan (東官) in 330 and Xinhui (新會) in 420. In 464, the population in Nanhai was 8,574 households (49,157 individuals). The number of counties had been increased to 10. The commandery

92-473: A provincially-administered city in January 1989, and a vice-prefecture-level city in January 1990. In December 1991, Chaozhou was further upgraded to its current statue of prefecture-level city . Chaozhou and the nearby cities of Shantou and Jieyang are collectively called Chaoshan . From 1958 until 1983, this name was used for the joint political-administrative area which encompassed the three cities. For

115-509: Is a district under the administration of Chaozhou City, in Guangdong province of the People's Republic of China . Its name comes from the ancient Xiangzi Bridge that once lay in its territory. The total area of the district is 176 square kilometers, and its population in 2003 was 343,500 people. 78,800 of these people are farmers, while 264,600 are not. The government of Xiangqiao district

138-594: Is a popular dish among the overseas Chinese Teochew community in Singapore and Malaysia. Owing to its coastal geography, Chaozhou is also famed for its seafood soups, and a porridge called "mue" ( 潮洲糜 ). Chaozhou is a famous historical and cultural center of the Chaoshan region. The city, known as the "Classic Tourist City", constantly welcomes thousands of tourists a day. There are over 600 valuable historic relics kept in Chaozhou city. Among them, 42 are classified under

161-416: Is a traditional art form which has a history of more than 500 years and is now appreciated by 20 million Chaozhou natives in over 20 countries and regions. Based on the local folk dances and ballads, Chaozhou opera has formed its own style under the influence of Nanxi Opera . Nanxi is one of the oldest Chinese operas and originated in the Song dynasty . Clowns and females are the most distinctive characters in

184-628: Is spoken by about 10 million people in Chaozhou and approximately 2–5 million people overseas. Thirty percent of Chinese residents of Vietnam speak this dialect. Teochew people are the largest ethnic Chinese group in Thailand and Cambodia , and the second largest ethnic Chinese group in Singapore , after the Hokkien . However, in Singapore, Mandarin is gradually supplanting the Teochew topolect as

207-567: The Nanyue kingdom on Nanhai and surrounding commanderies. Panyu became the kingdom's capital. In 112 BC, Nanyue was annexed by the Han dynasty . In late Western Han period, Nanhai had a population of 19,613 households (94,253 individuals). The commandery administered 6 counties: Panyu, Boluo (博羅), Zhongsu (中宿), Longchuan (龍川), Sihui (四會) and Jieyang (揭陽). During the Eastern Han period,

230-408: The rihin ( 二弦 ), tihu , yehu (all two-stringed bowed lutes), and the sanxian , pipa , ruan , guzheng , and yangqin . The number of instruments and performers in an ensemble is flexible and depends on the availability of instruments and musicians to play them – but to have an even and balanced texture, only one of each instrument is preferred. Chaozhou drum music ensembles includes

253-452: The 1951 Guangdong People's Government was in Chao'an County. Part of the county was converted into Chao'an City in 1953, and was renamed Chaozhou City (county-level) later that year. In 1955, the provincial seat moved to Shantou ; the city was abolished five years later, and was reestablished in 1979. In 1983, the situation was reversed, as Chao'an was merged into Chaozhou City. Chaozhou was made

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276-446: The Chaozhou culture is conveyed, is a dialect of Southern Min . It is one of the most conservative Chinese dialects because it preserves many contrasts from ancient Chinese ( Classical Chinese ) that have been lost in some of the other modern dialects of Chinese. (See the Teochew dialect transcription of the poem Shi shi shi shi shi to note how words which have become homophonic in other dialects stay distinct in Teochew.) The dialect

299-576: The Huanggang river flows roughly from north to south through the territory of Raoping, emptying into the sea. These two rivers provide abundant water for Chaozhou. Hills account for 65% of the total land area within the city, mainly in Raoping and Northern Chaoan. To the north of the city, there is a wide mountainous area suitable for tea cultivation; the lower-altitude areas nearby are mainly suitable for growing bamboo, peach, plum, olive, and pineapple. On

322-903: The banks of the Han River, there is fertile land used for rice, sweet potato, peanut, soybean, carrot, orange, peach, and banana cultivation. The three peaks of Jinshan ( 巾山 ), Mingshan ( 明山 ), and Dushan ( 独山 ) are collectively known as the Sanshan Guowang ( 三山國王 ) or Lords of the Three Mountains , and are venerated in temples, particularly by the Hakka people worldwide. Chaozhou's municipal executive, legislature and judiciary are situated in Xiangqiao District , together with its CPC and Public Security bureau . The Teochew dialect ( Chinese : 潮州話 ), by which

345-525: The big drum and gong, the small drum and gong, the dizi set, drum and gong and su, drum and gong combinations. The current Chaozhou drum music is said to be similar to the form of drum and wind music during the Han and Tang dynasties. The Chaozhou guzheng and erhu are also regarded as major members of the southern instrument family. The region is most widely known for the origin of ' Bak Kut Teh ' ( 肉骨茶 ), loosely translated in dialect as 'Meat Bone Tea', which

368-532: The coastal Shantou City. It is situated north of the delta of the Han River , which flows throughout the city. The Chaozhou territory is mountainous. In particular, the nearby Phoenix Mountain 's peak is located 1,497 meters (4,911 ft) above sea level. The main nearby rivers are the Huanggang River and the Han River. The Han River flows from west to southeast, and ramps through downtown Chaozhou;

391-598: The following year. In 1914, the Republic of China government combined the Chao and Xun prefectures into Chaoxun Prefecture or Chaoxun Circuit ( 潮循道 ). For a short while in the Sui and early Tang dynasties, Haiyang District was called Yi'an District ( 義安縣 ). The name remained Haiyang until 1914, when it was renamed to Chao'an County ( 潮安縣 ) to avoid ambiguity with the Haiyang County , Shandong . The seat of

414-490: The greatest extent, Nanhai's territories covered present-day Guangdong , Hainan , southeastern Guangxi and the southern tip of Fujian . The seat of Nanhai Commandery was Panyu (番禺, in modern Guangzhou ). In 214 BC, Qin dynasty conquered Lingnan and established three commanderies, Nanhai, Guilin and Xiang within the region. After the collapse of Qin, Zhao Tuo , the Qin prefect of Longchuan County , Nanhai, established

437-607: The mother tongue for this group, especially among younger generations. Chaozhou is famously known as a globally renowned cultural center of the Lingnan region of China. Throughout China's turbulent history, the Chaozhou region was nonetheless able to flourish and thrive, enabling the nourishing of a unique and distinctive character epitomized in the city's native dialect , ceramics, opera, cuisine , Fenghuang Dancong tea, music, style of lion dance, embroidery and another needlework called drawnwork. Chaozhou opera ( Chinese : 潮劇 )

460-426: The mouth, Kung Fu tea renowned for its lingering aftertaste. At the local teahouse, tea service is often accompanied by Chaozhou music. String music , gong and drum music and the ancient music of set flutes are the traditional forms of Chaozhou music. Chaozhou string music is made up of mostly plucked and bowed string instruments, and on some occasions, wind instruments are used. The most characteristic instruments are

483-493: The next five years, Shantou City was a higher-level city, containing Chaozhou and Jieyang within it. Currently, Chaozhou, Shantou and Jieyang are equal in status. In 2022, the city's 5-year plan has detailed the realization of a 43.3-gigawatt offshore windfarm located between 47 and 115 miles (75 and 185 km) off the city's coast. Chaozhou is located in the easternmost part of the Guangdong Province, north of

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506-405: The state, provincial and city's key preservation units of cultural relics. The Chaozhou Dialect , Chaozhou Opera , Chaozhou Ganghu tea , etc. are unique features of Chaozhou culture. Several historically significant attractions are below. Nanhai Commandery Nanhai Commandery ( Chinese : 南海郡 ) was an ancient Chinese commandery that existed from Qin dynasty to Tang dynasty . At

529-630: Was abolished when the Sui dynasty conquered the Chen dynasty . During Sui and Tang dynasties, Nanhai Commandery became an alternative name of Guang Prefecture . In 741, Nanhai administered 13 counties: Nanhai , Panyu , Zengcheng , Sihui , Huameng (化蒙), Huaiji , Jianshui (洊水), Dongguan , Qingyuan , Hankuang (浛洭), Zhenyang (湞陽), Xinhui , Yining (義寧). The population was 42,235 households (221,500 individuals). Xiangqiao District Xiangqiao District ( simplified Chinese : 湘桥区 ; traditional Chinese : 湘橋區 ; pinyin : Xiāngqiáo Qū )

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