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40-563: Madras Bashai (Tamil: மெட்ராஸ் பாஷை , lit.   ' Madras Language ' ) was the variety of the Tamil language spoken by native people in the city of Chennai (then known as Madras) in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu . It was sometimes considered a pidgin , as its vocabulary was heavily influenced by Hindustani , Indian English , Telugu , Malayalam , and Burmese ; it is not mutually intelligible with any of those except for Tamil, to

80-402: A standard variety , some lect that is selected and promoted prescriptively by either quasi-legal authorities or other social institutions, such as schools or media. Standard varieties are accorded more sociolinguistic prestige than other, nonstandard lects and are generally thought of as "correct" by speakers of the language. Since the selection is an arbitrary standard , standard forms are

120-447: A brain-dead man as if the man were able to perceive and understand normally. Vishwanathan, who perceives all this as symptoms of chaos , is unable to prevent it from expanding and gaining ground at his college. He becomes increasingly irritable, almost to the point of insanity. Meanwhile, Janaki becomes increasingly fond of Raja, who, in his turn, becomes unreservedly infatuated with her. Vishwanathan tries several times to expel Raja, but

160-513: A busy schedule and was replaced by Jayasurya . Saran observed Prakash Raj using hand gestures a lot while emoting so in order to capitalise on that, he created a "back and forth scene" focusing on their actions and was shot using closeup lenses. The film's producers, after watching the copy of the film, were dissatisfied as they felt the director did not remain faithful to the original material but Saran convinced them this version will be responded well by audiences. The song "Kalakkapovathu Yaaru"

200-559: A certain extent. Since the advent of urbanization of the city especially since the Indian Independence , due to large immigrations into the city from different parts of Tamil Nadu , the Madras Bashai variety has become closer to normalized standard spoken Tamil. Today, the transformed variety is majorly called as Chennai Tamil . Madras Bashai evolved largely during the past three centuries. It grew in parallel with

240-577: A doctor, he creates the faux Venkataraman Charitable Hospital, and pretends to live in accordance with this wish. One year later, Raja's plan goes awry when Venkataraman meets an old acquaintance, Dr. Vishwanathan. The two men decide to get Raja married to Vishwanathan's daughter, Dr. Janaki, aka "Paapu." At this point, the truth about Raja is revealed. Vishwanathan insults Raja's parents and ridicules them for being ignorant of Raja's real life. Venkataraman and Kasturi, who are both aghast and heartbroken, disown Raja and leave for their village. Raja decides that

280-451: A faculty member of the college. While Raja's skills as a medical doctor are minimal, he transforms those around him with the "Kattipudi Vaithiyam" ("hugging therapy"), a method of comfort taught to Raja by his mother. Despite the school's emphasis on mechanical, impersonal, and often bureaucratic relationships between doctors and patients, Raja constantly seeks to impose a more empathetic regimen. To this end, he defies all convention by treating

320-444: A negative review, citing "Munnabhai...' was a laugh-riot, 'Vasoolraja...' hardly tickles!." K. N. Vijiyan of New Straits Times wrote, " Vasoolraja MBBS (King of Revenue) should live up to its name". Sify wrote, "Munnabhai MBBS's strongest assets were its screenplay and dialogues but here Crazy Mohan’s dialogues are not so funny. The script of Vasoolraja goes awry post interval as a layer of emotional corniness begins to set in and

360-401: A particular region is called a regional dialect (regiolect, geolect ); some regional varieties are called regionalects or topolects, especially to discuss varieties of Chinese . In addition, there are varieties associated with particular ethnic groups (sometimes called ethnolects ), socioeconomic classes (sometimes called sociolects ), or other social or cultural groups. Dialectology is

400-425: A specific community". More recently, sociolinguists have adopted the concept of the community of practice , a group of people who develop shared knowledge and shared norms of interaction, as the social group within which dialects develop and change. Sociolinguists Penelope Eckert and Sally McConnell-Ginet explain: "Some communities of practice may develop more distinctive ways of speaking than others. Thus, it

440-428: Is defined as "the language use typical of an individual person". An individual's idiolect may be affected by contact with various regional or social dialects, professional registers and, in the case of multilinguals , various languages. For scholars who view language from the perspective of linguistic competence , essentially the knowledge of language and grammar that exists in the mind of an individual language user,

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480-595: Is derived from the classical name of the city Madrāsapaṭnam , and bhāṣā is the Sanskrit word for "language", nativized as bāṣai . Madras Bashai evolved largely during the past three centuries. With its emergence as an important city in British India when they recovered it from the French and as the capital of Madras Presidency , the contact with western world increased and a number of English words crept into

520-619: Is general social acceptance that gives us a workable arbitrary standard, not any inherent superiority of the characteristics it specifies." Sociolinguists generally recognize the standard variety of a language as one of the dialects of that language. In some cases, an authoritative regulatory body , such as the Académie Française , maintains and codifies the usage norms for a standard variety. More often, though, standards are understood in an implicit, practice-based way. Writing about Standard English, John Algeo suggests that

560-461: Is often outsmarted by him. Margabandhu's senile father is admitted to the hospital, and all hope seems lost for him. Having threatened Margabandhu before, Raja's gang knows that he is a passionate board game player, and Raja orders a carrom board to come to the hospital. Raja and his gang play carrom, and Margabandhu's father miraculously wakes up and walks to the board. Raja and Margabandhu's father play against each other, and Margabandhu's father wins

600-483: Is unable to focus as Zakir's condition becomes worse and he dies in Raja's hands. The next morning, Raja starts answering the questions well, but Vishwanathan stops the staff and says he will ask all the forthcoming questions. Raja is unable to answer and is shamed into leaving the college. He confesses the truth to everyone. Everyone except Vishwanathan is moved to tears by his speech. Immediately following Raja's departure,

640-948: Is used in many Tamil movies after the 1950s. Actors such, Manorama , J. P. Chandrababu , Loose Mohan , Thengai Srinivasan , Surulirajan , Janagaraj , Cho Ramaswamy , Rajinikanth , Kamal Haasan , Vijay Sethupathi , Dhanush , Suriya , Santhanam , Vikram , Attakathi Dinesh , Vijay and Ajith Kumar are well known for using it. Representative films are Maharasan , Bommalattam , Sattam En Kaiyil , Thoongathey Thambi Thoongathey , Michael Madana Kama Rajan , Thirumalai , Vasool Raja MBBS , Attahasam , Pammal K. Sambandam , Chennai 600028 , Siva Manasula Sakthi , Theeradha Vilaiyattu Pillai , Saguni , Attakathi , Theeya Velai Seiyyanum Kumaru , Idharkuthane Aasaipattai Balakumara , I , Madras , Kasethan Kadavulada , Anegan , Vedalam , Maari , Maari 2 , Aaru , Sketch , Vada Chennai and Bigil . Variety (linguistics) Variation at

680-477: Is within communities of practice that linguistic influence may spread within and among speech communities." The words dialect and accent are often used synonymously in everyday speech, but linguists define the two terms differently. Accent generally refers to differences in pronunciation , especially those that are associated with geographic or social differences, whereas dialect refers to differences in grammar and vocabulary as well. Many languages have

720-403: The "correct" varieties only in the sense that they are tacitly valued by higher socio-economic strata and promoted by public influencers on matters of language use , such as writers, publishers, critics, language teachers, and self-appointed language guardians. As Ralph Harold Fasold puts it, "The standard language may not even be the best possible constellation of linguistic features available. It

760-466: The brain-dead man miraculously awakens from his vegetative state ; Janaki criticises her father for having banished Raja. Vishwanathan eventually realises his folly. Raja later marries Janaki while also reconciling with his parents. Manohar Prasad of Gemini Film Circuit bought the remake rights of Munna Bhai MBBS to make it in Tamil and assigned Saran as director with Kamal Haasan in lead. Saran who

800-701: The course of a communicative event as the relationship between speakers changes, or different social facts become relevant. Speakers may shift styles, as their perception of an event in progress changes. Consider the following telephone call to the Embassy of Cuba in Washington, DC . Caller: ¿Es la embajada de Cuba? ( Is this the Cuban embassy? ) Receptionist: Sí. Dígame. ( Yes, may I help you? ) Caller: Es Rosa. ( It's Rosa. ) Receptionist: ¡Ah Rosa! ¿Cóma anda eso? ( Oh, Rosa! How's it going? ) At first,

840-526: The film, with the veteran director being both Haasan's and Saran's film industry mentor. However Balachandar was reluctant to act, and the team then considered both K. Viswanath and Girish Karnad for the role, before signing Nagesh . Yatin Karyekar and Rohini Hattangadi , who were part of the Hindi original, reprised their roles. Dhanush initially agreed to play the cancer patient but opted out citing

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880-466: The following sentence as an example of a nonstandard dialect that is used with the technical register of physical geography: There was two eskers what we saw in them U-shaped valleys. Most speakers command a range of registers, which they use in different situations. The choice of register is affected by the setting and topic of speech, as well as the relationship that exists between the speakers. The appropriate form of language may also change during

920-523: The growth of cosmopolitan Madras. After Madras Bashai became somewhat common in Madras, it became a source of satire for early Tamil films from the 1950s, in the form of puns and double entendres . Subsequent generations in Chennai identified with it and absorbed English constructs into the dialect, making it what it is today's Chennai Tamil. The word Madras Bhashai is a compound word, where Madrās

960-474: The idiolect, is a way of referring to the specific knowledge. For scholars who regard language as a shared social practice, the idiolect is more like a dialect with a speech community of one individual. Vasool Raja MBBS Vasool Raja MBBS ( transl.  Collection King MBBS ) is a 2004 Indian Tamil -language comedy drama film directed by Saran . It is a remake of the 2003 Hindi film Munna Bhai M.B.B.S. . The film stars Kamal Haasan in

1000-464: The leading female role but her other commitments meant that the team sought and consequently signed on actress Sneha for the film. Prabhu was cast in a supporting role at the insistence of Kamal Haasan, despite Saran's desire to cast Kalabhavan Mani . Saran also thought of casting Karunas initially for Prabhu's character but later created a new character for him. Saran had hoped to sign on director K. Balachander to play Kamal Haasan's father in

1040-401: The level of the lexicon , such as slang and argot , is often considered in relation to particular styles or levels of formality (also called registers ), but such uses are sometimes discussed as varieties as well. O'Grady et al. define dialect : "A regional or social variety of a language characterized by its own phonological , syntactic , and lexical properties." A variety spoken in

1080-417: The match and celebrates. Upon recovery, Vishwanathan orders Raja to leave and brings police to throw him out, but everyone in the college protests and blocks the way. Vishwanathan tells the students the truth about Raja, but no one believes him. Infuriated, Vishwanathan challenges Raja to answer all questions asked by the doctors in front of the entire university, and Raja accepts. Despite preparing well, Raja

1120-483: The only way to redeem himself and gain revenge for the humiliation suffered by his father is to become a doctor. He goes to a medical college to obtain an MBBS degree. With the help of Vatti and others, Raja gains admission to the SLR Institute of Medical Sciences. Upon admission, he again encounters Vishwanathan, who is the college dean. His success there becomes dependent upon the coerced help of Margabandhu,

1160-418: The receptionist uses a relatively formal register, as befits her professional role. After the caller identifies herself, the receptionist recognizes that she is speaking to a friend, and she shifts to an informal register of colloquial Cuban Spanish . The shift is similar to metaphorical code-switching , but since it involves styles or registers, it is considered an example of style-shifting. An idiolect

1200-566: The standard variety "is simply what English speakers agree to regard as good". A register (sometimes called a style ) is a variety of language used in a particular social setting. Settings may be defined in terms of greater or lesser formality, or in terms of socially recognized events, such as baby talk , which is used in many western cultures to talk to small children or as a joking register used in teasing or playing The Dozens . There are also registers associated with particular professions or interest groups; jargon refers specifically to

1240-456: The study of dialects and their geographic or social distribution. Traditionally, dialectologists study the variety of language used within a particular speech community , a group of people who share a set of norms or conventions for language use. In order to sidestep the vexing problem of distinguishing dialect from language , some linguists have been using the term communalect – defined as "a neutral term for any speech tradition tied to

Madras Bashai - Misplaced Pages Continue

1280-501: The title role, while Prabhu , Sneha , Prakash Raj , Nagesh , Rohini Hattangadi , Jayasurya , Malavika , Crazy Mohan , Lakshmi Bhaskaran and Karunas play supporting roles. It was released on 13 August 2004. Rajaraman, nicknamed "Vasool Raja," is a local don in Chennai who makes a living by collecting money from people with the help of his right-hand man, Vatti. Given that his father, Sriman Venkataraman, had wished for him to be

1320-700: The turn of the 20th century, though preferences have since shifted in favor of the Central and Madurai Tamil dialects, the English words introduced during the early 20th century have been retained. Madras Bashai is generally considered a dialect of the working class like the Cockney dialect of English . Lyrics of gaana songs make heavy use of Madras Bashai. A few words unique to Madras Bashai are given below; an Internet project, urban Tamil, has set out to collect urban Tamil vocabulary. (கூட்டிட்டு) Madras Bashai

1360-609: The two songs shot in Switzerland could have easily been done away with in this otherwise smoothly paced fun flick. The songs tuned by Bharadwaj are a major let down". Made on a budget of ₹ 5.5 crore, Vasool Raja MBBS was sold for ₹ 1 crore in Coimbatore distribution territory with 20 prints. The film was shown on about 285 screens worldwide to highly positive reception and box-office success. Tabloid reported 10 million tickets were sold worldwide. The film's release faced

1400-489: The vocabulary associated with such registers. Unlike dialects, which are used by particular speech communities and associated with geographical settings or social groupings, registers are associated with particular communicative situations, purposes, or levels of formality, and can constitute divisions within a single regional lect or standardized variety. Dialect and register may thus be thought of as different dimensions of linguistic variation . For example, Trudgill suggests

1440-467: The vocabulary. Many of these words were introduced by educated, middle-class Tamil migrants to the city who borrowed freely from English for their daily usage. Due to the presence of a considerable population of Telugu, Hindi–Urdu and many other language-speakers, especially, the Gujaratis , Marwaris and some Muslim communities, some Hindustani and Telugu words, too, became a part of Madras Bashai. At

1480-475: Was chosen to handle art. The film was initially titled Market Raja MBBS which Saran later used as the title for his 2019 film . It was Crazy Mohan who suggested the title Vasool Raja MBBS . The project began as a bilingual venture in Tamil and Telugu, though later the Telugu version was made separately with a different cast as Shankar Dada M.B.B.S. (2004). Jyothika was initially approached to play

1520-580: Was held in July 2004. Shobha Warrier of Rediff.com wrote, " Vasool Raja is Kamal's show all the way. He does comedy, dances wonderfully, sings, and also does some great stunts. What more can people ask for by way of entertainment?". Visual Dasan of Kalki wrote that the Kamal Haasan-Charan combo got a doctorate in laughing medicine for Tamil fans who were left irritated with masala films . However Malini Mannath of Chennai Online gave

1560-405: Was making Attahasam at that time was assigned to commence the film within 15 days and to complete and release the film within three months after consulting Ajith Kumar who gave permission to do this film. To commence the film within 15 days, Saran assigned his usual crew consisting of music composer Bharadwaj and cinematographer A. Venkatesh. Suresh Urs worked as editor while Mohana Mahendra

1600-602: Was shot in a set at Kushaldas Gardens. Two songs were shot in Switzerland. The soundtrack was composed by Bharadwaj who collaborated with Haasan for first time. All songs were penned by Vairamuthu . The song "Alwarpettai Aaluda" is set in Patdeep raga, while the Item song "Siruchi Cheena Thana" became a Cult Dance number. Mohan Thambirajah of New Straits Times rated the album 3.5 out of 5 and wrote, "Bharadwaj comes up with great compositions in this outing". The audio launch

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