54-553: The Clarke County School District is a public school district in Clarke County , Georgia , United States, based in Athens , Georgia . It serves Clarke County, which includes the communities of Athens and Winterville , and part of Bogart . The Clarke County School District operates fourteen elementary schools, four middle schools, and three high schools (one non-traditional). Clarke County, Georgia Clarke County
108-622: A lifestyle center . MidTown contains two of the city's early suburban shopping centers (the Village on 13th and St. Elmo), both recently renovated and offering local shops, restaurants, and services. Major venues in the city of Columbus: Columbus is home to nine historic districts, all listed in the National Register of Historic Places listings in Muscogee County, Georgia . They are: Columbus Northern Little League won
162-637: A monument to him in Broad Street in Athens. As the population of the county grew in the early 19th century, its agricultural and cotton industries prospered. The adjacent plantation harvests flowed through city mills. Manufacturing and textile production operations were the major industries in Clarke County, especially after the railroad reached Athens in 1841. Athens and Clarke County were second only to Savannah and Chatham County in
216-673: A cultural niche; downtown features modern architecture mixed among older brick facades. The Ready to Raft 2012 project created an estimated 700 new jobs and is projected to bring in $ 42 million annually to the Columbus area. Demolishing an up-river dam allowed the project to construct the longest urban whitewater rafting course in the world. According to the Columbus Convention and Visitors Bureau, this initiative, in addition to other outdoor and indoor tourist attractions, led to around 1.8 million visitors coming to Columbus during
270-409: A junction with I-85 just east of LaGrange and about 60 mi (97 km) southwest of Atlanta. U.S. Route 27 , U.S. Route 280 , and Georgia State Route 520 (known as South Georgia Parkway) all meet in the interior of the city. U.S. Route 80 runs through the northern part of the city, locally known as J.R. Allen Parkway; Alternate U.S. Route 27 and Georgia State Route 85 run northeast from
324-466: A new waterworks , as well as trolleys extending to outlying neighborhoods such as Rose Hill and Lakebottom. Mayor Lucius Chappell also brought a training camp for soldiers to the area. This training camp, named Camp Benning, grew into present-day Fort Benning , named for General Henry L. Benning , a native of the city. Fort Benning was one of the ten U.S. Army installations named for former Confederate generals that were renamed on 11 May 2023, following
378-581: A population of 563,967 in 2020. Columbus lies 100 miles (160 km) southwest of Atlanta. Fort Moore , formerly Fort Benning, the United States Army 's Maneuver Center of Excellence and a major employer, is located south of the city in southern Muscogee and Chattahoochee counties. Columbus is home to museums and tourism sites, including the National Infantry Museum , dedicated to the U.S. Army's Infantry Branch . It has
432-572: A recommendation from the congressionally mandated Naming Commission that Fort Benning be renamed Fort Moore after Lieutenant General Hal Moore and his wife Julia Compton Moore , both of whom are buried on post. In the spring of 1866, the Ladies Memorial Association of Columbus passed a resolution to set aside one day annually to memorialize the Confederate dead. The secretary of the association, Mary Ann Williams ,
486-834: A softball complex, which hosted the 1996 Olympic softball competition; the Chattahoochee RiverWalk ; the National Civil War Naval Museum at Port Columbus ; and the Coca-Cola Space Science Center. Other notable projects were the expansion of the Columbus Museum and road improvements to include a new downtown bridge crossing the Chattahoochee River and into Phenix City. During the late 1990s, commercial activity expanded north of downtown along
540-464: A varied landscape of rolling hills on the north side and flat plains on the south. The fall line causes rivers in the area to decline rapidly towards sea level. Textile mills were established here in the 19th and early 20th centuries to take advantage of the water power from the falls. Interstate 185 runs north-south through the middle of the city, with nine exits within Muscogee County. I-185 runs north about 50 mi (80 km) from its beginning to
594-415: Is above the national average. Columbus set a homicide record in 2021 with 70 homicides. Growing gang activity within the city is a major reason for the rise in crime. City leaders are actively working to reduce crime in the city. Companies headquartered in Columbus include Aflac, TSYS, Realtree , Synovus and the W. C. Bradley Co. According to Columbus' 2022 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,
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#1732798579804648-505: Is in Alabama. Columbus has a humid subtropical climate ( Köppen Cfa ). Daytime summer temperatures often reach highs in the mid-90°Fs, and low temperatures in the winter average in the upper 30s. Columbus is often considered a dividing line or "natural snowline" of the southeastern United States with areas north of the city receiving snowfall annually, with areas to the south typically not receiving snowfall every year or at all. Columbus
702-547: Is located in the northeastern part of the U.S. state of Georgia . As of the 2020 census , the population was 128,671. Its county seat is Athens , with which it is a consolidated city-county . Clarke County is included in the Athens-Clarke County, GA Metropolitan Statistical Area , which is also included in the Atlanta -Athens-Clarke County- Sandy Springs , GA Combined Statistical Area . Clarke County
756-577: Is the second most populous city in Georgia (after Atlanta ), and fields the state's fourth-largest metropolitan area . At the 2020 U.S. census , Columbus had a population of 206,922, with 328,883 in the Columbus metropolitan statistical area . The metro area joins the nearby Alabama cities of Auburn and Opelika to form the Columbus–Auburn–Opelika combined statistical area , which had
810-453: Is within USDA hardiness zone 8b in the city center and zone 8a in the suburbs. Columbus is divided into five geographic areas: The Columbus metropolitan area includes four counties in Georgia, and one in Alabama. The Columbus-Auburn-Opelika, GA-AL combined statistical area includes two additional counties in Alabama. A 2013 census estimate showed 316,554 in the metro area, with 501,649 in
864-578: The 2006 Little League World Series , defeating the team from Kawaguchi, Japan in the championship. Current MLB player Josh Lester was a member of the championship team. Columbus is home to upwards of 50 parks, four recreation centers, four senior centers and parks, and the Standing Boy Creek Wildlife Management Area . The Chattahoochee River whitewater opened in 2012. After both the Eagle & Phenix Dam and
918-555: The Broad River sub-basin of the Savannah River basin. According to the U.S. Census Bureau , the county has a total area of 121 square miles (310 km ), of which 119 square miles (310 km ) is land and 1.8 square miles (4.7 km ) (1.5%) is water. It is the smallest county by area in Georgia. As of the 2020 United States census , there were 128,671 people, 52,124 households, and 24,041 families residing in
972-474: The Eagle and Phenix Mills were revived and the industrialization of the town led to rapid growth, causing the city to outgrow its original plan. The Springer Opera House was built during this time, attracting such notables as Irish writer Oscar Wilde . The Springer is now the official State Theater of Georgia. By the time of the Spanish–American War , the city's modernization included the addition of
1026-542: The Georgia Legislature , Columbus was situated at the beginning of the navigable portion of the Chattahoochee River and on the last stretch of the Federal Road before entering Alabama. The city was named for Christopher Columbus . The plan for the city was drawn up by Dr. Edwin L. DeGraffenried, who placed the town on a bluff overlooking the river. Edward Lloyd Thomas (surveyor) was selected to lay out
1080-749: The Grand Army of the Republic , launched the Memorial Day holiday that is now observed across the entire United States. General Logan's wife said he had borrowed from practices of Confederate Memorial Day. She wrote that Logan "said it was not too late for the Union men of the nation to follow the example of the people of the South in perpetuating the memory of their friends who had died for the cause they thought just and right." While two dozen cities across
1134-751: The I-185 corridor. During the 2000s, the city began a major initiative to revitalize the downtown area. The project began with the South Commons, an area south of downtown containing the softball complex, A. J. McClung Memorial Stadium , Synovus Park , the Columbus Civic Center , and the Jonathan Hatcher Skateboard Park. The National Infantry Museum was constructed in South Columbus , located outside
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#17327985798041188-530: The Union , each industry faced exponentially growing shortages of raw materials and skilled labor, as well as worsening financial opportunities. Unaware of Lee's surrender to Grant and the assassination of Abraham Lincoln , Union and Confederates clashed in the Battle of Columbus, Georgia , on Easter Sunday, April 16, 1865, when a Union detachment of two cavalry divisions under Maj. Gen. James H. Wilson attacked
1242-405: The plantations to the international cotton market via New Orleans and ultimately Liverpool , England. The city's commercial importance increased in the 1850s with the arrival of the railroad. In addition, textile mills were developed along the river, bringing industry to an area reliant upon agriculture. By 1860, the city was one of the more important industrial centers of the South, earning it
1296-539: The 49-state landslides of 1972 and 1984. Columbus, Georgia Columbus is a consolidated city-county located on the west-central border of the U.S. state of Georgia . Columbus lies on the Chattahoochee River directly across from Phenix City, Alabama . It is the county seat of Muscogee County , with which it officially merged in 1970; the original merger excluded Bibb City , which joined in 2000 after dissolving its own city charter. Columbus
1350-541: The City Mills Dams were breached, river flow was restored to natural conditions, allowing the course to be created. The 2.5-mile (4.0 km) course is the longest urban whitewater rafting and kayaking in the world, and has been ranked the world's best manmade whitewater course by USA Today . It also features the Blue Heron Adventure, a zip-line course connecting users from the Georgia side of
1404-580: The Civil War. With the expansion of the city, leaders established Columbus College, a two-year institution, which later evolved into Columbus State University , now a comprehensive center of higher learning and part of the University System of Georgia . The city government and the county consolidated in 1971, the first such consolidation in Georgia and one of only 16 in the U.S. at the time. Expanding on its industrial base of textile mills,
1458-560: The Clarke County Commission had selected Watkinsville (now in Oconee County ) as the county seat . All county offices, including the courts and jail, moved to Athens when the seat was moved on November 24, 1871. County meetings took place in the old Athens town hall , until a new courthouse was constructed in 1876. The present courthouse was built in 1914. On February 12, 1875, in response to complaints over
1512-463: The Confederate army. The Eagle Manufacturing Company made various textiles, especially woolens for Confederate uniforms. The Columbus Iron Works manufactured cannons and machinery for the nearby Confederate Navy shipyard, Greenwood and Gray made firearms, and Louis and Elias Haimon produced swords and bayonets. Smaller firms provided additional munitions and sundries. As the war turned in favor of
1566-565: The Fort Benning main gate. In 2002, Columbus State University, which previously faced expansion limits due to existing residential and commercial districts surrounding it, began a second campus downtown, starting by moving the music department into the newly opened RiverCenter for the Performing Arts . The university's art, drama, and nursing departments also moved to downtown locations. Such initiatives have provided Columbus with
1620-679: The State of Georgia. Clarke County is located at 33°57′20″N 83°23′00″W / 33.955464°N 83.383245°W / 33.955464; -83.383245 . The county is located in the Piedmont region of the state. The vast majority of Clarke County is located in the Upper Oconee River sub-basin of the Altamaha River basin, with a very small portion of the county's eastern edge, north of Winterville , located in
1674-562: The amount of capital invested in manufacturing in the 1840s. Two skirmishes were fought in Clarke County in 1864, during the American Civil War , one near Barber's Creek and the other near Mitchell's Road. Athens was occupied by the Union Army on May 29 and a provost-marshal took charge. Formal military occupation of the county ended by December 1864, though Union troops remained in the county until early 1866. In 1801
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1728-400: The city is the home of the headquarters for Aflac , Synovus , and TSYS . From the 1960s through the 1980s, the subsidized construction of highways and suburbs resulted in drawing off the middle and upper classes, with urban blight , white flight , and prostitution in much of downtown Columbus and adjacent neighborhoods. Early efforts to halt the gradual deterioration of downtown began with
1782-423: The city was $ 22,514. About 12.8% of families and 15.7% of the population were below the poverty line , including 22.0% of those under age 18 and 12.1% of those age 65 or over. According to the 2022 American Community Survey , the median household income throughout the city was $ 53,750 with a per capita income of $ 31,393. Approximately 17.8% of the population lived at or below the poverty line. Columbus' crime rate
1836-440: The city's 2015 fiscal year . The city predicted that an additional 30,000 soldiers would be trained annually at Fort Benning in upcoming years due to base realignment and closure of other facilities. Columbus is one of Georgia's three Fall Line cities , along with Augusta and Macon . The Fall Line is where the hilly lands of the Piedmont plateau meet the flat terrain of the coastal plain . As such, Columbus has
1890-689: The city, locally known as Manchester Expressway. The city is located at 32°29′23″N 84°56′26″W / 32.489608°N 84.940422°W / 32.489608; -84.940422 . According to the US Census Bureau , the city has a total area of 221.0 square miles (572 km ), of which 216.3 square miles (560 km ) are land and 4.7 square miles (12 km ) (2.14%) are covered by water. Columbus borders Phenix City , its largest suburb (in Alabama). Columbus also borders Chattahoochee , Talbot , Harris , and Russell County , which
1944-401: The city. The population density was 861.4 inhabitants per square mile (332.6/km ). The 82,690 housing units had an average density of 352.3 per square mile (136.0/km ). In 2010, the racial and ethnic composition of the city was 46.3% White, 45.5% African American, 2.2% Asian, 0.2% Native American, 0.14% Pacific Islander, and 1.90% from other races . Hispanics or Latinos of any race were 6.4% of
1998-440: The combined statistical area. Since the 1830 United States census , Columbus has maintained a relatively positive population growth. At the 2020 census , there were 206,922 people, 73,134 households, and 45,689 families residing in the city. At the 2010 census , Columbus had a total population of 189,885, up from 186,291 in the 2000 census. The 2010 census reported 189,885 people, 72,124 households, and 47,686 families residing in
2052-747: The country claim to have originated the Memorial Day holiday, Bellware and Gardiner firmly establish that the holiday began in Columbus. In The Genesis of the Memorial Day Holiday in America , they show that the Columbus Ladies Memorial Association's call to observe a day annually to decorate soldiers' graves inaugurated a movement first in the South and then in the North to honor the soldiers who died during
2106-503: The county. In 2022, Clarke County had the third highest crime rate in Georgia. Clarke County had 35.5 crimes per 1,000 people, based on 4,599 offenses in 2022, and a population of 129,377. Like most other counties, the two more common crimes were larceny theft (2,983 incidents recorded in Clarke in 2022), and aggravated assault (1,979 incidents). Clarke County was only behind DeKalb County and Bibb County for highest crime rate. Due to
2160-420: The high-end Sears Woods and Windsor Park. Large tracts of blighted areas were cleaned up. A modern Columbus Consolidated Government Center was constructed in the city center. A significant period of urban renewal and revitalization followed in the mid- to late 1990s. With these improvements, the city has attracted residents and businesses to formerly blighted areas. Municipal projects have included construction of
2214-532: The lightly defended city and burned many of the industrial buildings. John Stith Pemberton , who later developed Coca-Cola in Columbus, was wounded in this battle. Col. Charles Augustus Lafayette Lamar , owner of the last slave ship in America, was also killed here. A historic marker erected in Columbus notes that this was the site of the "Last Land Battle in the War from 1861 to 1865". Reconstruction began almost immediately and prosperity followed. Factories such as
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2268-613: The longest urban whitewater rafting course in the world constructed on the Chattahoochee River. This was for centuries the traditional territory of the Creek Indians , who became known as one of the Five Civilized Tribes of the Southeast after European contact. Those who lived closest to white-occupied areas conducted considerable trading and adopted some European American ways. Founded in 1828 by an act of
2322-596: The nickname the Lowell of the South, referring to an important textile mill town in Massachusetts. When the American Civil War broke out in 1861, the industries of Columbus expanded their production; this became one of the most important centers of industry in the Confederacy . During the war, Columbus ranked second only to the Confederate capital city of Richmond, Virginia in the manufacture of supplies for
2376-439: The population. In 2020, its population was 38.22% non-Hispanic white , 45.77% African American, 0.24% Native American, 2.68% Asian, 0.25% Pacific Islander, 0.52% some other race, 4.35% multiracial, an 7.98% Hispanic or Latino of any race. At the 2010 census, median income for a household in the city was $ 41,331, and for a family was 41,244. Males had a median income of $ 30,238 versus $ 24,336 for females. The per capita income for
2430-583: The presence of the University of Georgia campus in Athens, Clarke County has long been a Democratic Party stronghold in presidential elections. This predates the recent trend of Democratic gains in counties dominated by large universities. It has only backed the Republican candidate in three presidential elections, the fiercely divided realigning election of 1968 (in which it was one of only eight Georgia counties where George Wallace came in third) and
2484-407: The relocation of the county seat to Athens, the state legislature created Oconee County from the southwestern portion of Clarke County, making Watkinsville its seat. Clarke County thus lost one-third of its population and three-fifths of its land area. The position of "commissioner of roads and revenue" was created by the legislature for what are today known as county commissioners. As an extension of
2538-462: The river to the Alabama side on an interstate zip-line over the Chattahoochee River. The course continues with several zip-lines and a ropes course on the Alabama side and completes with another zip-line back to Georgia. It has become a hub for whitewater kayakers, with outstanding standing waves year-round. In mid-winter it is referred to as the "Wintering Grounds" for big wave surfing athletes and enthusiasts. The city council of Columbus, known as
2592-723: The saving and restoration of the Springer Opera House in 1965. It was designated as the State Theatre of Georgia, helping spark a movement to preserve the city's history. This effort has documented and preserved various historic districts in and around downtown. Through the late 1960s and early 1970s, large residential neighborhoods were built to accommodate the soldiers coming back from the Vietnam War and for those associated with Fort Benning. These range from Wesley Woods to Leesburg to Brittney and Willowbrook and
2646-438: The state, the county would conduct welfare and health programs, build and maintain roads, and hold courts of law. On March 29, 1973, the Georgia legislature increased the number of county commissioners from 3 to 5, also adding a county administrator. In 1990, the residents voted to unify the city and county governments creating Athens-Clarke County, the second (after Columbus - Muscogee County ) unified city-county government in
2700-426: The top employers in the city were: Columbus is served by one major indoor shopping mall , Peachtree Mall , which is anchored by major department stores Dillard's , Macy's , and J.C. Penney . The total retail floor area is 821,000 f t (76,300 m ). Major strip malls include Columbus Park Crossing , which opened in 2003, and The Landings, which opened in 2005. Columbus is also served by The Shoppes at Bradley Park,
2754-482: The town on 1,200 acres. Across the river to the west, where Phenix City, Alabama, is now located, lived several tribes of the Creek and other Georgia and Alabama indigenous peoples. Most Creeks moved west with the 1826 Treaty of Washington . Those who stayed and made war were forcibly removed in 1836. The river served as Columbus's connection to the world, particularly enabling it to ship its commodity cotton crops from
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#17327985798042808-514: The war dead. The date for the holiday was selected by Elizabeth Rutherford Ellis. She chose April 26, the first anniversary of Confederate General Johnston's final surrender to Union General Sherman at Bennett Place , North Carolina. For many in the South, that act marked the official end of the Civil War. In 1868, General John A. Logan , commander in chief of the Union Civil War Veterans Fraternity called
2862-678: Was created in 1801 by an act of the Georgia General Assembly on December 5. It was named for Revolutionary War hero Elijah Clarke and included 250 square miles (647.5 km ) that was formerly part of Jackson County . Colonel Clarke played a leading role the 1779 victory at the Battle of Kettle Creek in Wilkes County . The Elijah Clarke Chapter of the Daughters of the American Revolution erected
2916-463: Was directed to write a letter inviting the ladies of every Southern state to join them in the observance. The letter was written in March 1866 and sent to representatives of all of the principal cities in the South, including Atlanta, Macon , Montgomery, Memphis, Richmond , St. Louis, Alexandria, Columbia, and New Orleans . This was the beginning of the influential work by ladies' organizations to honor
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