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69-604: It is one of the largest service and retail networks in the country. In addition to postal and logistics services, it also offers financial and retail services throughout Croatia. It is one of the co-founders and a full member of the Association of European Public Postal Operators (PostEurop). The Croatian Post also issues postage stamps of the Republic of Croatia. In 1990, the Croatian Parliament established

138-504: A legal monopoly . The worldwide postal system constituting the individual national postal systems of the world's self-governing states is coordinated by the Universal Postal Union , which among other things sets international postage rates, defines standards for postage stamps and operates the system of international reply coupons . In most countries a system of codes has been created (referred to as ZIP codes in

207-467: A postage meter is also used for bulk mailing. Postal authorities often have functions aside from transporting letters. In some countries, a postal, telegraph and telephone (PTT) service oversees the postal system, in addition to telephone and telegraph systems. Some countries' postal systems allow for savings accounts and handle applications for passports . The Universal Postal Union (UPU), established in 1874, includes 192 member countries and sets

276-637: A block of dots as a two-dimensional barcode . The "block of dots" method allows for the encoding of proof of payment of postage, exact routing for delivery, and other features. The ordinary mail service was improved in the 20th century with the use of planes for a quicker delivery. The world's first scheduled airmail post service took place in the United Kingdom between the London suburbs of Hendon and Windsor, Berkshire , on 9 September 1911. Some methods of airmail proved ineffective, however, including

345-622: A form of meter label and thus do not need to be cancelled.) Documents should generally not be read by anyone other than the addressee; for example, in the United States of America it is a violation of federal law for anyone other than the addressee and the government to open mail. There are exceptions however: executives often assign secretaries or assistants the task of handling their mail; and postcards do not require opening and can be read by anyone. For mail contained within an envelope, there are legal provisions in some jurisdictions allowing

414-751: A postal system in the Empire, appointing Franz von Taxis to run it. This system, originally the Kaiserliche Reichspost , is often considered the first modern postal service in the world, which initiated a revolution in communication in Europe. The system combined contemporary technical and organization means to create a stable transcontinental service which was also the first to offer (fee-based) public access. The Thurn und Taxis family, then known as Tassis, had operated postal services between Italian city-states from 1290 onward. For 500 years

483-636: A private mail service. Notably, the Cistercians had one which connected more than 6,000 abbeys , monasteries , and churches. The best organization, however, was created by the Knights Templar . In 1716, Correos y Telégrafos was established in Spain as public mail service, available to all citizens. Delivery postmen were first employed in 1756 and post boxes were installed firstly in 1762. In 1505, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I established

552-631: A project worth HRK 350 million. The new sorting center was officially opened in September 2019 and is the largest investment in the history of the Croatian Post. The total area of the facility is 32,000 square meters, while the horticultural landscaped areas cover 16,000 square meters. In July 2021, the construction of an office building began, beginning the 2nd phase of the construction of the New Sorting Center, which will complete

621-587: A small Telephone Boutique next to a historic Postal mansion his ancestors used to go to centuries earlier. Several European Post Carriers like Deutsche Post or Österreichische Post continue to use the Thurn & Taxis Post Horn in their company logo just like the global Phone Book of the World based in the old Postal mansion of King Louis XIV in Paris. In the United Kingdom, prior to 1840 letters were paid for by

690-467: A total of 30,000 copies. The first 1,500 issued crypto stamps, which were available for purchase with cryptocurrencies, sold out in just over three days. The Croatian Post currently has more than 200 electric vehicles in its fleet, including bicycles, quadricycles and mopeds. In the second half of 2020, charging stations for electric vehicles were set up in Velika Gorica, Osijek and Zadar, allowing

759-403: Is a service by which Croatian Post enables its users to perform a number of services electronically. The ePost service allows users to receive and send letters, messages and documents (including invoices) in electronic form, pay bills by credit and debit cards, whether they arrived via the service or at a home address, and save documents in a secure archive accessible anywhere and anytime. Bank at

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828-408: Is a system for physically transporting postcards , letters , and parcels . A postal service can be private or public, though many governments place restrictions on private systems. Since the mid-19th century, national postal systems have generally been established as a government monopoly , with a fee on the article prepaid. Proof of payment is usually in the form of an adhesive postage stamp , but

897-407: Is an express delivery service of the Croatian Post that evenly covers the entire territory of the Republic of Croatia and guarantees next-day delivery of items in more than 200 locations. Locodels is a company owned by the Croatian Post that provides same-day city delivery services in cooperation with online stores in all major Croatian cities. In December 2019, the cryptocurrency redemption service

966-606: Is derived from Old French poste , which ultimately stems from the past participle of the Latin verb ponere 'to lay down or place'. So in the U.K., the Royal Mail delivers the post , while in North America both the U.S. Postal Service and Canada Post deliver the mail . The term email , short for "electronic mail", first appeared in the 1970s. The term snail mail is a retronym to distinguish it from

1035-926: Is in Egypt , where Pharaohs used couriers to send out decrees throughout the territory of the state (2400 BCE). The earliest surviving piece of mail is also Egyptian, dating to 255 BCE. The first credible claim for the development of a real postal system comes from Ancient Persia . The best-documented claim ( Xenophon ) attributes the invention to the Persian King Cyrus the Great (550 BCE), who mandated that every province in his kingdom would organize reception and delivery of post to each of its citizens. Other writers credit his successor Darius I of Persia (521 BCE). Other sources claim much earlier dates for an Assyrian postal system, with credit given to Hammurabi (1700 BCE) and Sargon II (722 BCE). Mail may not have been

1104-617: Is the Small European Postal Administration Cooperation . PostEurop's headquarters are in Brussels , Belgium . Since 1993 PostEurop has co-ordinated the annual issue of Europa postage stamps , previously a CEPT function. This philatelic article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . This article about an organization in Europe is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Mail The mail or post

1173-576: The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), who had relay stations every 30 li (about 15km) along major routes. The Tang dynasty (618 to 907 AD) operated a recorded 1,639 posthouses, including maritime offices, employing around 20,000 people. The system was administered by the Ministry of War and private correspondence was forbidden from the network. The Ming dynasty (1368 to 1644) sought a postal system to deliver mail quickly, securely, and cheaply. Adequate speed

1242-475: The U.S. Postal Service authorised the first tests of a secure system of sending digital franks via the Internet to be printed out on a PC printer, obviating the necessity to license a dedicated franking machine and allowing companies with smaller mail programs to make use of the option; this was later expanded to test the use of personalized postage. The service provided by the U.S. Postal Service in 2003 allows

1311-648: The Wodeyar dynasty (1399–1947) of the Kingdom of Mysore used mail service for espionage purposes thereby acquiring knowledge related to matters that took place at great distances. By the end of the 18th century, a postal system in India was in operation. Later this system underwent complete modernization when the British Raj established its control over most of India. The Post Office Act XVII of 1837 provided that

1380-491: The 17th century, the word mail began to appear as a reference for a bag that contained letters: "bag full of letter" (1654). Over the next hundred years the word mail began to be applied strictly to the letters themselves and the sack as the mailbag . In the 19th century, the British typically used mail to refer to letters being sent abroad (i.e. on a ship) and post to refer to letters for domestic delivery. The word Post

1449-628: The August Revolution, the Post and Wireless Office was renamed the Post Office under the Ministry of Transportation. In 1955, the Post Office was upgraded to the Ministry of Post. Some Chinese sources claim mail or postal systems dating back to the Xia or Shang dynasties , which would be the oldest mailing service in the world. The earliest credible system of couriers was initiated by

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1518-573: The Croatian Post became a member of the International Post Corporation (IPC), an international organization that brings together leading postal operators in Europe, North America and Australia. In October 2019, the Croatian Post took over the company Locodels, which specializes in same-day city delivery. At the beginning of 2020, the Croatian Post successfully tested drone delivery from the Zadar port of Gaženica to Preko on

1587-526: The Croatian Post has been implementing since 2009. PostEurop PostEurop is the association of European public postal operators, one of the constituent unions of the Universal Postal Union . PostEurop was created in 1993 to simplify the exchange of mails in Europe, a task previously undertaken by the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT, from its French acronym). A smaller but similar organization

1656-409: The Croatian Post represents one of the largest reorganizations of companies in the Republic of Croatia. The company is divided into four divisions: Post Division, Network Division, Express Division and Support Division. The Post Division is in charge of transporting, sorting and delivering letter-post items. The Network Division manages the network of post offices. The Express Division is in charge of

1725-544: The Croatian Post waive their commissions in order to pay life insurance policies on behalf of the children. This amount is paid to the residents of foster homes as a kind of annuity at the time of leaving the foster home, so that they can cover the basic costs of living until they find employment. The establishment of the Foundation is a continuation of the humanitarian project “Good People to the Children of Croatia”, which

1794-684: The Governor-General of India in Council had the exclusive right of conveying letters by post for hire within the territories of the East India Company. The mails were available to certain officials without charge, which became a controversial privilege as the years passed. On this basis the Indian Post Office was established on October 1, 1837. The first well-documented postal service was that of Rome . Organized at

1863-683: The Post and Telecommunications Directorates, which were specially organized for organizational and technological separation of postal and telecommunications systems. Given the diversity of activities and the then technologically separate functioning of the Post Office and the Telecommunications Directorate, and in line with global trends, in 1999 HPT split into HP - Hrvatska pošta (Croatian Post) and HT - Hrvatske telekomunikacije (Croatian Telecommunications; Hrvatski Telekom as of 2010), and since then Croatian Post has operated as an independent joint stock company. On 1 July 2019,

1932-623: The Post is a joint project of Hrvatska poštanska banka and the Croatian Post. As part of the project, banking services of Hrvatska poštanska banka are provided to private and business users in post offices throughout Croatia. Since December 2020, business customers (private companies, small and medium-sized enterprises, local government and self-government) can open an HPB business account in almost 1,000 post offices, perform national payment transactions in HRK, contract Internet and mobile banking, deposit, cards and other banking services. The Paket24 service

2001-419: The Post to expand this fleet in the future. The Croatian Post is the only state-owned company that does not follow the country's administrative structure with its organizational structure. The Croatian Post segmented its internal organization by focusing on individual products and services and at the same time integrating the company's business segments into a complete corporation. The divisional organization of

2070-489: The United States Postal Service's experiment with rocket mail . Receipt services were made available in order to grant the sender a confirmation of effective delivery. Before about the mid-nineteenth century, in regions where postal systems existed, the payment models varied, but most mail was sent unpaid requiring the recipient to pay the postage fee. In some regions a partial payment was made by

2139-490: The United States, postcodes in the United Kingdom and Australia, eircodes in Ireland and postal codes in most other countries) in order to facilitate the automation of operations. This also includes placing additional marks on the address portion of the letter or mailed object, called "bar coding". Bar coding of mail for delivery is usually expressed either by a series of vertical bars, usually called POSTNET coding or

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2208-459: The agent usually indicates by means of a cancellation that it is no longer valid for pre-payment of postage. The exceptions are when the agent forgets or neglects to cancel the mailpiece, for stamps that are pre-cancelled and thus do not require cancellation and for, in most cases, metered mail. (The "personalized stamps" authorized by the USPS and manufactured by Zazzle and other companies are in fact

2277-553: The complex. In March 2022, a new business facility of the Croatian Post worth HRK 60 million was opened in the Bakar-Kukuljanovo industrial zone. With the opening of the Kukuljanovo Business Facility, the largest investment cycle in the history of Croatian Post (worth one billion HRK) was completed, and Istria County and Primorje-Gorski Kotar County now have one of the four most modern points in

2346-512: The conditions for physical mail. Email (and in recent years social networking sites) became a fierce competitor to physical mail systems, but online auctions and Internet shopping opened new business opportunities as people often get items bought online through the mail. Modern mail is organized by national and privatized services, which are reciprocally connected by international regulations, organizations and international agreements. Paper letters and parcels can be sent to almost any country in

2415-574: The end of 2022. In September 2020, the Croatian Post issued the first Croatian crypto stamp. The crypto stamp consists of a physical and a digital part. The physical part of the crypto stamp can be detached and used to pay postage, while the digital part in the form of an NFT remains for use on the blockchain . The first Croatian cryptocurrency was issued in five categories with five different motifs depicting means of transport: van (60,000 copies), train (25,000 copies), ship (10,000 copies), airplane (4,000 copies) and drone (1,000 copies). The crypto stamp

2484-501: The enormous funding necessary to rapidly industrialize Japan in the late 19th century. The postal service was one of Korea's first attempts at modernization. The Joseon Post Office was established in 1884. Another important postal service was created in the Islamic world by the caliph Mu'awiyya; the service was called barid , for the name of the towers built to protect the roads by which couriers travelled. By 3000 BC, Egypt

2553-430: The entire territory of the Republic of Croatia and to all users under the same conditions. In addition to universal services, the Croatian Post also provides a number of other postal services: acceptance, sorting, transport and delivery of direct mail, stationery (books and printing), parcels, paid reply items (IBRS/CCRI items), express mail items (EMS) and value-added shipments: Paket24, business parcel and e-parcel. ePost

2622-525: The express delivery service – Paket24 . The Support Division is, among other things, in charge of finance and real property. In addition to the divisions, the Croatian Post has nine offices of the Management Board. The Croatian Post is the national postal operator, and the postal services it offers include the acceptance, sorting, transport and delivery of postal items in domestic and international traffic. Universal postal services are provided on

2691-405: The franks to be printed out on special adhesive-backed labels. In 2004 the Royal Mail in the United Kingdom introduced its SmartStamp Internet-based system, allowing printing on ordinary adhesive labels or envelopes. Similar systems are being considered by postal administrations around the world. When the pre-paid envelope or package is accepted into the mail by an agent of the postal service,

2760-550: The island of Ugljan. It is part of a pilot project with the Croatian company AIR-RMLD, which develops commercial and industrial services with drones. The new tests will demonstrate the possibilities of using drones in the delivery of letters and parcels between post offices and indicate the needs of the Croatian Post for this type of technology. In May 2017, the construction of the New Sorting Center in Velika Gorica began,

2829-400: The last postmaster, Maximilian Karl, 6th Prince of Thurn and Taxis , into real estate, most of it continuing to exist today. The Phone Book of the World has its roots in the long history of the avant-garde telecommunications family Thurn & Taxis. The directory is the result of Johannes, 11th Prince of Thurn & Taxis transmitting PTT culture to a student and helping with the opening of

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2898-428: The mail and packages often surveyed and their contents sometimes edited out (or even in). There have been cases over the millennia of governments opening and copying or photographing the contents of private mail. Subject to the laws in the relevant jurisdiction, correspondence may be openly or covertly opened, or the contents determined via some other method, by the police or other authorities in some cases relating to

2967-477: The mail service. Foreign observers, such as Marco Polo , have attested to the efficiency of this early postal system. Each station was maintained by up to twenty five families. Work for postal service counted as military service. The system was still operational in 18th century when 64 stations were required for a message to cross Mongolia from the Altai Mountains to China. The modern Japanese system

3036-603: The message carrier (called Chapar ) would ride to the next post, whereupon he would swap his horse with a fresh one for maximum performance and delivery speed. Herodotus described the system in this way: "It is said that as many days as there are in the whole journey, so many are the men and horses that stand along the road, each horse and man at the interval of a day's journey; and these are stayed neither by snow nor rain nor heat nor darkness from accomplishing their appointed course with all speed". The verse prominently features on New York's James Farley Post Office , although it uses

3105-473: The network of sorting facilities in Croatia, which also includes facilities in Zadar and Osijek , and the New Sorting Center in Velika Gorica. In April 2021, the Croatian Post began to install parcel lockers . The delivery and sending of items from parcel lockers is handled by Paket24, a Croatian Post parcel delivery service. The Croatian post plans a total of 300 parcel lockers, with 150 due to be open by

3174-715: The postal business based in Brussels and in Frankfurt was passed from one generation to another. Following the abolition of the Empire in 1806, the Thurn-und-Taxis Post system continued as a private organization into the postage stamp era before being absorbed into the postal system of the new German Empire after 1871. 1867 July 1 the State of Prussia had to make a compensation payment of 3.000.000 Thalers reinvested by Helene von Thurn & Taxis , daughter-in-law of

3243-454: The primary mission of this postal service, however. The role of the system as an intelligence gathering apparatus is well documented, and the service was (later) called angariae , a term that in time came to indicate a tax system. The Old Testament ( Esther , VIII) makes mention of this system: Ahasuerus , king of Medes , used couriers for communicating his decisions. The Persian system worked using stations (called Chapar-Khaneh ), whence

3312-567: The public company Hrvatska pošta i telekomunikacije (HPT), with the main activity of providing postal and telecommunications services. The company was the legal successor of the former 13 companies of PTT-promet in Croatia and took over their rights and obligations. It consisted of the Joint Services (Office of the Director, Economic Affairs Division, Legal, Human Resources and General Affairs Division, Internal Control and Audit Service) and

3381-411: The public. Common chariots called Dagana were sometimes used as mail chariots in ancient India. Couriers were used militarily by kings and local rulers to deliver information through runners and other carriers. The postmaster, the head of the intelligence service, was responsible for ensuring the maintenance of the courier system. Couriers were also used to deliver personal letters. In South India ,

3450-428: The quicker email. Various dates have been given for its first use. The practice of communication by written documents carried by an intermediary from one person or place to another almost certainly dates back nearly to the invention of writing . However, the development of formal postal systems occurred much later. The first documented use of an organized courier service for the dissemination of written documents

3519-417: The recipient and the cost was determined by the distance from sender to recipient and the number of sheets of paper rather than by a countrywide flat rate with weight restrictions. Sir Rowland Hill reformed the postal system based on the concepts of penny postage and prepayment. In his proposal, Hill also called for official pre-printed envelopes and adhesive postage stamps as alternative ways of getting

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3588-641: The recording of identities of sender and recipient. The privacy of correspondence is guaranteed by the constitutions of Mexico , Colombia , Brazil and Venezuela , and is alluded to in the European Convention on Human Rights and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights . The control of the contents inside private citizens' mail is censorship and concerns social, political, and legal aspects of civil rights . International mail and packages are subject to customs control, with

3657-584: The rules for international mail exchanges as a Specialized Agency of the United Nations . The word mail comes from the Middle English word male , referring to a travelling bag or pack. It was spelled in that manner until the 17th century and is distinct from the word male . The French have a similar word, malle , for a trunk or large box, and mála is the Irish term for a bag. In

3726-538: The sender to pay for the postage, at a time when prepayment was optional, which led to the invention of the postage stamp, the Penny Black . The postal system was important in the development of modern transportation. Railways carried railway post offices . During the 20th century, air mail became the transport of choice for inter-continental mail. Postmen started to use mail trucks . The handling of mail became increasingly automated. The Internet came to change

3795-435: The sender. Today, worldwide, the most common method of prepaying postage is by buying an adhesive postage stamp to be applied to the envelope before mailing; a much less common method is to use a postage-prepaid envelope . Franking is a method of creating postage-prepaid envelopes under licence using a special machine. They are used by companies with large mail programs, such as banks and direct mail companies. In 1998,

3864-516: The subject of postal items transport throughout history: an Austro-Hungarian postman, a postillion on a horse, a mail carriage, a telegraph delivery man on a bicycle, and a postman on a moped. The third crypto stamp was presented on 9 September 2021 with the motif of a fully electric hyper-car Rimac Nevera. The Rimac Nevera motif appears in five different categories: the golden Rimac Nevera is issued in 2,000 copies, silver in 4,000, bronze in 6,000, grey in 8,000, and blue-green in 10,000 copies, making for

3933-433: The time of Augustus Caesar (62 BCE – 14 CE), the service was called cursus publicus and was provided with light carriages ( rhedæ ) pulled by fast horses. By the time of Diocletian , a parallel service was established with two-wheeled carts ( birotæ ) pulled by oxen . This service was reserved for government correspondence. Yet another service for citizens was later added. In 1802, the first Vietnamese postal service

4002-480: The translation "Neither snow nor rain nor heat nor gloom of night stays these couriers from the swift completion of their appointed rounds". The economic growth and political stability under the Mauryan Empire (322–185 BCE) stimulated sustained development of civil infrastructure in ancient India . The Mauryans developed early Indian mail service as well as public wells, rest houses, and other facilities for

4071-487: The transport of foreign and domestic tribute specifically and the conduct of trade in general. By the end of Kublai Khan's rule, there were more than 1400 postal stations in China alone, which in turn had at their disposal about 50,000 horses, 1,400 oxen, 6,700 mules, 400 carts, 6,000 boats, more than 200 dogs, and 1,150 sheep. The stations were 25 to 65 km (16 to 40 mi) apart and had reliable attendants working for

4140-561: The whole territory of his empire the system used by Franks in northern Gaul and connected this service with that of missi dominici . In the mid-11th century, flax traders known as the Cairo Geniza Merchants from Fustat , Egypt wrote about using a postal service known as the kutubi. The kutubi system managed routes between the cities of Jerusalem, Ramla, Tyre, Ascalon, Damascus, Aleppo, and Fustat with year-round, regular mail delivery. Many religious orders had

4209-489: The world relatively easily and cheaply. The Internet has made the process of sending letter-like messages nearly instantaneous, and in many cases and situations correspondents use email where they previously would have used letters. The volume of paper mail sent through the U.S. Postal Service has declined by more than 15% since its peak at 213 billion pieces per annum in 2006. Some countries have organized their mail services as public limited liability corporations without

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4278-454: Was always a problem, because of the slow overland transportation system, and underfunding. Its network had 1,936 posthouses every 60 li along major routes, with fresh horses available every 10 li between them. The Qing operated 1,785 posthouses throughout their lands. More efficient, however, was the system linking the international settlements, centered around Shanghai and the Treaty ports. It

4347-576: Was designed in cooperation with the Croatian blockchain community, and the Postereum digital token was made by the Croatian company Bitx. All 500 crypto stamps, available for purchase with cryptocurrencies, were sold in 16 hours. The second edition of the crypto stamp, Crypto Stamp 2, was released in December 2020 and was issued in a sheet with one self-adhesive stamp and printed in the quantity of 30,000 copies. The stamp has five digital motifs featuring

4416-478: Was developed in the mid-19th century, closely copying European models. Japan was highly innovative in developing the world's largest and most successful postal savings system and later a postal life insurance system as well. Postmasters play a key role in linking the Japanese political system to local politics. The postmasters are high prestige, and are often hereditary. To a large extent, the postal system generated

4485-505: Was established under the Nguyen dynasty , under the Ministry of Rites. During the Nguyen dynasty, official documents were transported by horse and other primitive means to stations built about 25-30 kilometers apart. In 1904, three wireless communication offices were established, and in early 1906 they were merged with the postal service to form the Post and Wireless Office. In 1945, after

4554-416: Was introduced in 55 post offices in all counties where foreign and domestic users can convert cryptocurrencies into kuna. In October 2021, the service was extended to sell cryptocurrencies. The Croatian Post has been issuing postage stamps of the Republic of Croatia since 1991. The first regular postage stamp, Zagreb-Dubrovnik Airport, was issued on 9 September 1991, and the first commemorative postage stamp

4623-545: Was issued on 10 December 1991 on the occasion of the declaration of independence of the Republic of Croatia. Since then, in 30 years, the Croatian Post has issued 1,360 postage stamps (September 2021) with a wide range of topics and motifs. Postage stamps issued by the Croatian Post have also won numerous international awards. The Croatian Post has established the “Vaša pošta” Foundation in order to provide financial assistance to children without adequate parental care to make it easier for them to become independent. Sponsors found by

4692-611: Was the main communication system for China's international trade. Genghis Khan installed an empire-wide messenger and postal station system named Örtöö within the Mongol Empire . During the Yuan dynasty under Kublai Khan , this system also covered the territory of China. Postal stations were used not only for the transmission and delivery of official mail but were also available for travelling officials, military men, and foreign dignitaries. These stations aided and facilitated

4761-438: Was using homing pigeons for pigeon post , taking advantage of a singular quality of this bird, which when taken far from its nest is able to find its way home due to a particularly developed sense of orientation. Messages were then tied around the legs of the pigeon, which was freed and could reach its original nest. By the 19th century, homing pigeons were used extensively for military communications. Charlemagne extended to

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