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22-451: Recognizes an individual or individuals who has made a significant and lasting contribution to the field of programming languages. Recognizes outstanding contributions by young researchers in the area of programming languages. The award is named after the computer scientist Robin Milner . Given to an institution or individual(s) to recognize the development of a software system that has had

44-549: A Scottish connection but can be based anywhere in the world. The prize was founded in 1855 by Thomas Makdougall Brisbane , the long-serving fourth president of the Society. The medal was renamed in 2022 to reflect Margaret Moir's contribution to science in Scotland. The Gunning Victoria Jubilee Prize Lectureship is a quadrennial award to recognise original work done by scientists resident in or connected with Scotland. The award

66-483: A public lecture in Scotland. The award is named after William Thomson, 1st Baron Kelvin (1824–1907), who was a famous mathematical physicist and engineer, and professor of natural philosophy at the University of Glasgow . Senior Prize-winners are required to have a Scottish connection but can be based anywhere in the world. The Keith Medal was historically awarded every four years for a scientific paper published in

88-551: A schoolteacher then as a programmer at Ferranti , before entering academia at City University, London , then Swansea University , Stanford University , and from 1973 at the University of Edinburgh , where he was a co-founder of the Laboratory for Foundations of Computer Science (LFCS). He returned to Cambridge as the head of the Computer Laboratory in 1995 from which he eventually stepped down, although he

110-591: A significant impact on programming language research, implementations, and tools. The full name of this award is the John C. Reynolds Doctoral Dissertation Award, after the computer scientist John C. Reynolds . It is "presented annually to the author of the outstanding doctoral dissertation in the area of Programming Languages." Robin Milner Arthur John Robin Gorell Milner FRS (13 January 1934 – 20 March 2010)

132-614: A succession of locations: Fellowship of the Royal Society of Edinburgh is an award in its own right that entitles fellows to use of the initialism or post-nominal letters FRSE in official titles. The Royal Medals are awarded annually, preferably to people with a Scottish connection, who have achieved distinction and international repute in either life sciences, physical and engineering sciences, arts, humanities and social sciences or business and commerce. The Medals were instituted in 2000 by Queen Elizabeth II, whose permission

154-502: A wide range of disciplines: science and technology, arts, humanities, medicine, social science , business, and public service . At the start of the 18th century, Edinburgh 's intellectual climate fostered many clubs and societies (see Scottish Enlightenment ). Though there were several that treated the arts, sciences and medicine, the most prestigious was the Society for the Improvement of Medical Knowledge, commonly referred to as

176-492: Is Scotland's national academy of science and letters. It is a registered charity that operates on a wholly independent and non-partisan basis and provides public benefit throughout Scotland . It was established in 1783. As of 2021 , there are around 1,800 Fellows . The Society covers a broader range of fields than the Royal Society of London, including literature and history . The Fellowship includes people from

198-834: The Royal Society of Edinburgh awarded Milner with a Royal Medal for his "bringing about public benefits on a global scale". In 2008, he was elected a Foreign Associate of the National Academy of Engineering for "fundamental contributions to computer science, including the development of LCF, ML, CCS, and the π -calculus." [1] The Royal Society Milner Award and the ACM SIGPLAN Robin Milner Young Researcher Award are both named after him. See also: Publications by Robin Milner in DBLP Royal Society of Edinburgh The Royal Society of Edinburgh ( RSE )

220-472: The 1850s, the society once again unified its membership under one journal. During the 19th century, the society contained many scientists whose ideas laid the foundation of the modern sciences. From the 20th century onward, the society functioned not only as a focal point for Scotland's eminent scientists but also for the arts and humanities. It still exists today and continues to promote original research in Scotland. In February 2014, Dame Jocelyn Bell Burnell

242-688: The Medical Society of Edinburgh, co-founded by the mathematician Colin Maclaurin in 1731. Maclaurin was unhappy with the specialist nature of the Medical Society, and in 1737 a new, broader society, the Edinburgh Society for Improving Arts and Sciences and particularly Natural Knowledge, was split from the specialist medical organisation, which then went on to become the Royal Medical Society . The cumbersome name

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264-409: The first tools for automated theorem proving . The language he developed for LCF, ML , was the first language with polymorphic type inference and type-safe exception handling . In a very different area, Milner also developed a theoretical framework for analyzing concurrent systems , the calculus of communicating systems (CCS), and its successor, the π -calculus . At the time of his death, he

286-713: The leadership of Prof. Robert Jameson , the Wernerians first founded Memoirs of the Wernerian Natural History Society (1808–21) and then the Edinburgh Philosophical Journal (1822, Edinburgh New Philosophical Journal from late 1826), thereby diverting the output of the Royal Society's Transactions . Thus, for the first four decades of the 19th century, the RSE's members published articles in two different journals. By

308-520: The society's scientific journals, preference being given to a paper containing a discovery. It was awarded alternately for papers on mathematics and those on earth and environmental sciences. The medal was founded in 1827 as a result of a bequest by Alexander Keith of Dunnottar , the first treasurer of the Society. The Lady Margaret Moir Medal recognises exceptional achievements in physical, engineering and informatic sciences (including mathematics) by an early career researcher. Awardees are required to have

330-473: The younger members such as James Hall embraced Lavoisier 's new nomenclature and the members split over the practical and theoretical objectives of the society. This resulted in the founding of the Wernerian Society (1808–58), a parallel organisation that focused more upon natural history and scientific research that could be used to improve Scotland's weak agricultural and industrial base. Under

352-731: Was a British computer scientist , and a Turing Award winner. Milner was born in Yealmpton , near Plymouth , England into a military family. He gained a King's Scholarship to Eton College in 1947, and was awarded the Tomline Prize (the highest prize in Mathematics at Eton) in 1952. Subsequently, he served in the Royal Engineers , attaining the rank of Second Lieutenant. He then enrolled at King's College, Cambridge , graduating in 1957. Milner first worked as

374-602: Was announced as the society's first female president, taking up her position in October. The Young Academy of Scotland was founded by the RSE in 2011. It aims to bring together young professionals (aged mid-20s to 40s) from the widest range of disciplines and regions in Scotland to provide ideas and direction for challenges facing Scotland. The members are roughly equal numbers of women and men, serve for five years and are selected from applicants every two years. In 2021 there were 134 members. The Royal Society has been housed in

396-488: Was changed the following year to the Edinburgh Philosophical Society. With the help of University of Edinburgh professors like Joseph Black , William Cullen and John Walker , this society transformed itself into the Royal Society of Edinburgh in 1783, and in 1788 it issued the first volume of its new journal Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh . Towards the end of the century,

418-453: Was founded in 1887 by Robert Halliday Gunning , a Scottish surgeon, entrepreneur and philanthropist who spent much of his life in Brazil. This biennial lecture given at the Society was begun in 1931 at the bequest of Charles Preller and named after himself and his late wife, Rachel Steuart Bruce. It is usually (but not invariably) given by a Fellow either of the Royal Society of Edinburgh or

440-529: Was required to make a presentation. Past winners include: The Lord Kelvin Medal is the Senior Prize for physical, engineering, and informatics sciences. It is awarded annually to a person who has achieved distinction nationally and internationally, and who has contributed to wider society by the accessible dissemination of research and scholarship. Winners receive a silver medal and are required to deliver

462-591: Was still at the laboratory. From 2009, Milner was a Scottish Informatics & Computer Science Alliance Advanced Research Fellow and held (part-time) the Chair of Computer Science at the University of Edinburgh . Milner died of a heart attack on 20 March 2010 in Cambridge. His wife, Lucy, died shortly before he did. Milner is generally regarded as having made three major contributions to computer science . He developed Logic for Computable Functions (LCF), one of

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484-649: Was working on bigraphs , a formalism for ubiquitous computing subsuming CCS and the π -calculus. He is also credited for rediscovering the Hindley–Milner type system . He was made a Fellow of the Royal Society and a Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society in 1988. Milner received the ACM Turing Award in 1991. In 1994 he was inducted as a Fellow of the ACM . In 2004,

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