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87-653: The highway is located in the southwestern districts of Berlin, linking the Stadtring at the Funkturm junction in Charlottenburg with Nikolassee . It runs through the Grunewald forest along the historic Königsweg road from Charlottenburg to Potsdam and the parallel Berlin-Blankenheim railway line. While normal for a road, it is unusually shaped for a race track as it is essentially two long straights in

174-522: A Mercedes-Benz SSK , succeeded by Manfred von Brauchitsch the next year after Caracciola had switched to Alfa Romeo . The competition on 22 May 1932 saw further notable participants like the Earl Howe , Hans Stuck and Sir Malcolm Campbell . The Czechoslovak driver, Prince George Christian of Lobkowicz , died when his Bugatti Type 54 crashed in the southern hairpin. The following events were won by Achille Varzi (1933) and Guy Moll (1934), to

261-672: A barrier and exploded into a fireball in North Curve, which he survived. In 1995, the race 2 of DTM had to be cancelled, after a multi-car pileup blocked the circuit; later that September, British driver Kieth O'dor was killed in a Super Touring Car event when his car spun and was rammed sideways, with the impact on the driver's side. After the fall of the Berlin wall, the closure of the AVUS for race events became increasingly problematic over traffic and associated environmental concerns. After

348-553: A complete enclosure of the West Berlin city with motorways with a western tangent through the Tiergarten. However, the further construction of the west tangent A 103 as a motorway did not take place. The construction of the tunnel Tiergarten Spreebogen in the same corridor took place from 1995 as a city street without crossing, which also has no connection to the originally planned crossroads. There are some special features on

435-533: A half-junction until the opening of the triangle and the end of the A 100 were. As a result of the planned further construction and the integration of the junction, the motorway junction consists of six bridges in four levels, each spanning the waters of the Neukölln shipping canal. The bridges lie between the port Britz-Ost and the harbor Neukölln. Following the motorway junction Neukölln, the following sections are planned as A 100: Any further possible closure of

522-421: A hard shoulder (1.50 m) and two per meter wide elevated shoulder. The light building height is 4.90 m. For the traffic engineering equipment of the tunnel are reserved 40 cm under the blanket, so that a clear passage height of 4.50 m results. This height is monitored by means of an electronic height control at the entrances. Other tunnels include a constantly-available median strip transfer system so that one of

609-503: A high-speed banked-circuit until the mid-1980s at the 1986 Indianapolis 500. No major race was held after 1937 as, in early 1938, the popular German race driver Bernd Rosemeyer was killed in a land speed record attempt on a straight section of the Autobahn Frankfurt – Darmstadt (present-day Bundesautobahn 5 ), at which point the high-speed AVUS was considered too dangerous for the fast Grand Prix race cars. Furthermore, it

696-512: A historic monument. The fastest official race lap records at AVUS are listed as: Bundesautobahn 100 Bundesautobahn 100 (translates from German as Federal Motorway 100 , short form Autobahn 100 , abbreviated as BAB 100 or A 100 ) is an Autobahn in Germany . The A 100 partially encloses the city centre of the German capital Berlin , running from

783-621: A new lap record of 100 mph (160.93 km/h) at Brooklands in a streamlined Chrysler Six . On 4 February 1927, Campbell set the land speed record at Pendine Sands , covering the Flying Kilometre (in an average of two runs) at 174.883 mph (281.447 km/h) and the Flying Mile in 174.224 mph (280.386 km/h), in the Napier-Campbell Blue Bird . He set his final land speed record at

870-445: A possible interchange Tempelhof. The fork was prepared so that the highway could be continued in high altitude, in the later realization, however, a low level was decided in a tunnel and the old ramps stopped again. However, the ramps to the interchange Gradestraße have been preserved - this junction itself divides to the exit in two lanes in order to leave room between them for the further construction as A 102, which has been omitted from

957-414: A result, a provisional junction Sachsendamm was made at the end of the motorway junction, and used parallel to the later highway running Sachsendamm as bypass. This section formed from 1972 to 1996 a bottleneck, and due to the necessary traffic lights led to significant congestion ("longest parking lot in Berlin"). Due to the frequent mention in the traffic reports, the construction phase of the highway itself

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1044-634: A ring road parallel to the Ringbahn was already provided for in the Hobrecht Plan of 1862, and in 1948 a freeway was included in the city planning corridor. On 4 July 1955 the Senate decided on a complete expressway ring, but the dedication as a highway did not happen until 1962. As it was planned as an urban expressway, the carriageways were initially narrower; the regulations provided for an overall width of 27 metres, with each lane 3.50 metres wide; and

1131-522: A week. Between 1906 and 1908, he won all three London to Land's End Trials motorcycle races. In 1910, he began racing cars at Brooklands . He christened his car Blue Bird , painting it blue, after seeing the play The Blue Bird by Maurice Maeterlinck at the Haymarket Theatre . Campbell married Marjorie Dagmar Knott in 1913, but they divorced two years later. Campbell then married Dorothy Evelyn Whittall in 1920; their son Donald

1218-488: A west tangent through the city. The southern part was extended to the motorway junction Schöneberg - the intersection with the section A 103 of the west tangent. In the northern part of the ring road was extended to the junction Seestraße - just before the planned intersection with the section A 105 of the West Tangent, but even this point never reached. The semi-ring, which was created until 1979, would have resulted in

1305-524: Is also known as Sachsendamm, in the plan approval in 1992, however, it is named as a gap between the junctions Sachsendamm and Alboinstraße. After the German reunification offered new opportunities, the gap closure was pursued vigorously and in 1990 the old railway bridges were blown up. The 270-million-mark project was accelerated by additional funds so that a directional lane provisionally with four lanes in December 1995 went into operation. After reduction of

1392-477: Is currently only taking place between the junctions Grenzallee and Am Treptower Park. The total investment costs for the route AD Neukölln - Storkower Straße are 848.3 million euros Two citizen-led initiatives - BISS (citizen initiative Stadtring Süd) and the Action Alliance Stop A 100! - were founded as a reaction to the planned expansion. They organised numerous protests and demonstrations against

1479-456: Is nonetheless still often called Stadtring ("city ring"). The section between the Funkturm and Kurfürstendamm interchanges is the busiest autobahn in Germany, with an average of 191,400 vehicles per day. Recently a southeastern extension to Sonnenallee and Treptower Park , currently under construction, has been the target of various protests. The Federal Highway 100 had been planned as

1566-456: Is often blocked at the triangle, and the traffic out of this traffic axis over the square away, and then to use the following driveway to the ring road. merge. The 12th construction phase included the construction of the completed motorway junction Schoeneberg (West Tangent) to the proposed motorway junction Tempelhof (Osttangente). This construction phase was planned from 1972, the actual construction took place however only decades later. During

1653-554: Is referred to as a "running and fixed project (FD)", i. H. listed as a project of the highest level of urgency. The planning state in general and also differentiated z. For example, for nature conservation assessment or for spatial planning assessment, the draft of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan, like the majority of all projects, does not contain any information. The total distance is marked as "under construction"; However, construction work

1740-582: Is to be led in this section to a large extent in a two-storey tunnel. The construction phase begins at the junction at Treptower Park, crosses the Spree and crosses the Ostkreuz to the north, and then continue to run underground along the Neue Bahnhofstraße / Gürtelstraße to the junction Frankfurter Allee. Originally, the construction phase should end there, according to an additional investigation to

1827-649: Is to run the motorway at the triangle Neukölln starting to the northeast and underpass in a tunnel the Grenzallee and the Neuköllnische avenue, then connect via a junction to the Sonnenallee and run in their further course parallel to the freight station Treptow before after passing under the Kiefholzstraße and the Ringbahn at the junction Am Treptower Park provisionally ends. In the construction of

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1914-684: The Berlin Wall , with its Checkpoint Bravo at Dreilinden/Drewitz, came no closer than about one mile (1.6 km) to the former South Turn. It is a common yet incorrect belief that the Berlin Wall cut the AVUS in half. It was not until 19 September 1954 that this shorter track hosted a non-championship Formula One race. This "Grand Prix of Berlin" was mainly a show dominated by the Mercedes-Benz W196 drivers Karl Kling (the winner) and Juan Manuel Fangio . No serious competition

2001-668: The Bonneville Salt Flats in Utah on 3 September 1935, and was the first person to drive an automobile over 300 mph, averaging 301.337 mph (484.955 km/h) in two passes. Campbell developed and flotation-tested Blue Bird on Tilgate Lake, in Tilgate Park , Crawley . He set the water speed record four times, his highest speed being 141.740 mph (228.108 km/h) in the Blue Bird K4 . He set

2088-575: The Kaiserlicher Automobilclub (KAC) association devised a fee-financed circuit, as both a motor-sport venue and a testing track for the motor industry. A developing company was established in 1909; however, a lack of finances and official authorisations delayed the start of construction until spring 1913. During the Great War works discontinued, and though Russian Army prisoners were temporarily employed in AVUS's construction,

2175-641: The Wedding district of the Berlin- Mitte borough in a southwestern arc through Charlottenburg-Wilmersdorf and Tempelhof-Schöneberg to Neukölln . It connects with the Bundesautobahn 111 (A 111) at the Charlottenburg interchange, with the A 115 (the former AVUS ) at the Funkturm junction, and finally reaches the A 113 at its southeastern terminus in Neukölln , all linking it with

2262-438: The "world's fastest race track", the 1936 season was skipped and while the track hosted the cycling road race, the marathon and 50 km walk athletic events of the 1936 Summer Olympics , the north curve was turned into a steeply banked turn (43°) made of bricks. It became dubbed the wall of death , especially as it had no retaining barrier, so cars that missed the turn easily flew off it. The Silver Arrows raced only once on

2349-493: The 1960s, but this high-performance axle does not have its own connection to the ring road, but is reached via the exits and driveways Detmolder road west and the exit Wexstraße east. The tunneling of the Innsbrucker Platz took a very long time from 1971 to 1979, whereby a complete connection point was created, which opens up important city centers via Martin-Luther-Straße and Hauptstraße / Potsdamer Straße. The ramps of

2436-401: The A 113 to Späthstraße was opened on 14 July 2004 together with the motorway junction Neukölln. Then the A 113 was extended, only in 2005 to Adlershof and following 2008 to Waltersdorf, resulting in a continuous route to the A 13 results. For the further construction of the A 100, the outer ramps were designed with two lanes at the motorway junction. However, these led immediately at the end of

2523-530: The Automobilclub von Deutschland, the former KAC. The 1921 roadway turned out to be insufficient: Already, in practice two days before, the young Italian driver Enrico Platé (not to be confused with the Argentinian driver and team owner of the same name) was involved in a crash that killed his mechanic. During the race, in heavy rain, two track marshals died when Adolf Rosenberger lost control and hit

2610-457: The Detmold road parallel to today's highway - this was preserved as an exit, with the further construction of the highway then two more ramps, which end behind the old ramps at Heidelberger Platz, so that they traffic like two in each other intertwined half connection points with the same name. In the course of the car-friendly city, the intersecting Bundesallee was equipped with several tunnels in

2697-480: The Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2015, however, a plangleicher connection is provided to the north Storkower Street. With the abolition of a complete motorway ring around the city center of Berlin, a possible 18th construction phase from the Frankfurter Allee no longer came to the planning stage. Since the existing Möllendorfstraße, which is located in natural extension of the route, can not absorb

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2784-428: The Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan at the end of 2015, the construction section will then be 4.1 kilometers long, instead of then 3.1 kilometers to Frankfurter Allee. As a precautionary measure, trench walls are already being dug during the conversion of Ostkreuz station, creating concrete walls 1.2 m thick and 24 m deep in the ground. These are provided with a concrete ceiling of two meters thickness, on which then

2871-828: The Funkturm Triangle with the AVUS which had existed since 1921, and hence with Autobahn A115. The Rudolf Wissell Bridge was built between 1959 and 1962. It stretches in a 930 metre arc over the tracks of the Berlin-Hamburg Railway and the Berlin-Lehrter Bahn as well as the Charlottenburger Spree river. It is the longest bridge in Berlin. Some of the connecting roads of the Charlottenburg motorway intersection are on

2958-664: The German Grand Prix was relocated to the new and more secure Nürburgring circuit in the Western German Eifel range, while the AVUS received a new asphalt surface and served as an experimental track for rocket cars . On 23 May 1928 Fritz von Opel ("Rocket Fritz") achieved a speed record of 238 km/h (148 mph) in an Opel RAK2 . Due to the Great Depression annual auto races were not resumed until 1931, when Caracciola again won in

3045-772: The Hermann Ganswindt Bridge (adjoining Möbel Höffner) to the east as the road bridge, then the August-Druckmüller Bridge, which carries the Sachsendamm, and finally the western Friedrich-Haak-Brücke (adjoining IKEA). Directly adjacent to the railway bridges, the Sachsendammsteg was also built as a pedestrian bridge leading to the Südkreuz train station. In addition, another ramp to the former semi-junction Alboinstraße completed -

3132-527: The Wexstraße half-access point are integrated into the building at Innsbrucker Platz, with additional connecting routes between Wexstrasse ramparts and Innsbrucker Platz. To this accumulation and entwining of ramps is added that the lanes of the entrances and exits Innsbrucker Platz and the following Schöneberger cross merge into each other. In the northern branch of the Jakob-Kaiser-Platz under

3219-649: The already closed interlocking Tpa the Dresden railway, negotiations were begun with the German Reichsbahn, the then owner of the operating rights (indirectly the GDR), which, however, remained inconclusive. The planning came to a halt in 1974, because the GDR wanted to agree to the demolition of the old railway bridges only if the Senate paid a new freight yard - ten years later, the negotiations broke off completely. As

3306-453: The banked version, in 1937 . As the AVUS race did not count towards the championship, non-GP cars were allowed, which permitted the use of streamlined cars, similar to the cars used for high speed record attempts. This race was run in two heats; during qualifying for the second heat, Luigi Fagioli stuck his Auto Union Type C on pole position, with a time of 4 minutes and 8.2 seconds at an average speed of 284.31 km/h (176.66 mph) - which

3393-627: The bridge itself; the Siemensdamm exit on one of the connecting curves is on the left side. The gap between the Charlottenburg-North triangle and AVUS and Halensee was closed on 20 December 1963 with the connection to the Funkturm triangle. The section to the junction Hohenzollerndamm junction towards Halensee was connected in 1961 to the emerging triangle. The further expansion then follows the land use plan in 1965, which provided

3480-424: The centerpiece of a West Berlin motorway network; the semi-circular structure was to be extended to a full ring in the event of German reunification . However after reunification, city planners backed away from the full ring concept, as it would impose severe urbanistic side effects. Before the introduction of the current numbering system, the number A 53 had been assigned to this motorway for some time. In 1975,

3567-547: The ceremonial groundbreaking ceremony was carried out by the then Federal Transport Minister Peter Ramsauer (CSU) and Berlin's Transport Senator Michael Müller (SPD). The engineering structures are to be built from autumn 2013. The initial planning predicted the completion of the new section in 2021/2022. Construction costs were estimated at 417 million euros, plus land acquisition costs of 56 million euros. The costs have risen from about 500 towards appr. 600 million Euro due to unexpected soil pollution and some unknown tunnels near

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3654-556: The construction of the Schöneberg motorway junction, the Anhalter Bahn was crossed to the west, as well as parallel road connections. For this purpose, the 260-meter tunnel of the Innsbrucker Platz and the Ringbahn was built, and the Innsbrucker Platz exit is integrated into the tunnel. On the eastern side of the motorway junction was then again a Untertunnelung a railway line provided. Because the route thereby carried out under

3741-427: The course of the registration for the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2015 now estimates this (as at the end of 2013) at €531.2 million. In addition to this demand, 16.3 million euros are already earmarked for the advance payments at Ostkreuz station. Critics complain that due to the permanently increased pollution of the city center by nitrogen oxides and particulate matter above the permissible limits, as well as

3828-456: The current administration. [26] [30] The Senate presents a comprehensive concept for promoting cycling. Malcolm Campbell Major Sir Malcolm Campbell MBE (11 March 1885 – 31 December 1948) was a British racing motorist and motoring journalist. He gained the world speed record on land and on water at various times, using vehicles called Blue Bird , including a 1921 Grand Prix Sunbeam . His son, Donald Campbell , carried on

3915-508: The designation changed to A 10 and after reunification, the current designation A 100 was introduced, while the outer Berlin Ring was assigned the A 10 designation. The motorway was opened to traffic in the following sections: The construction of what later became an Autobahn began in April 1956, with the first spade cut for the highway between Kurfürstendamm and Hohenzollerndamm. The routing of

4002-402: The entire outgoing traffic, was for the gap between the Frankfurter Allee and the city road ring (Ostseestraße / Michelangelostraße) still to be built city street between Frankfurter Allee and Storkower road along the Ring course proposed. As part of the regular review of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan, this conclusion was confirmed for the 17th construction phase. With the completion of

4089-457: The fall of the wall, however, was not thought of an execution. To divide the district Britz (in the narrower sense: Neubritz) not in two parts, the plans were changed, and the district with a tunnel under. The construction section has ramps with a length of 2621 m, of which 1713 m account for the tunnels themselves. The tunnel has two tunnel tubes, each 14.50 m wide. Each tunnel tube includes a 12.50 m wide carriageway with three lanes (each 3.50 m),

4176-505: The family tradition by holding both land speed and water speed records. Campbell was born on 11 March 1885 in Chislehurst , Kent, the only son of William Campbell, a Hatton Garden diamond seller. He attended the independent Uppingham School . In Germany, learning the diamond trade, he gained an interest in motorbikes and races. Returning to Britain, he worked for two years at Lloyd's of London for no pay, then for another year at £1

4263-484: The field. At the eastern end of the Tempelhof freight yard, a siding to supply a propane filling station (Geppert) was built across the motorway route. This track built in 1978 has not been used since the beginning of the 2000s because the filling station was closed. Until then, propane gas was delivered in pressurized gas tank cars. The lanes of the western ramps of the interchange Tempelhofer Damm then turn directly into

4350-485: The first time in 1924 at 146.16 mph (235.22 km/h) at Pendine Sands near Carmarthen Bay in a 350HP V12 Sunbeam , now on display at the National Motor Museum, Beaulieu . He broke nine land speed records between 1924 and 1935, with three at Pendine Sands and five at Daytona Beach . His first two records were accomplished whilst driving a racing car built by Sunbeam . In 1925 Campbell set

4437-431: The form of a dual carriageway, with a hairpin corner at each end. The north curve featured a steep banking from 1937 to 1967. While the original layout was 19.569 km (12.160 mi) long, the southern turn was moved several times, to shorten the track to 8.300 km (5.157 mi), then 8.109 km (5.039 mi) without the banking, 4.879 km (3.032 mi) and finally 2.639 km (1.640 mi). In 1907

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4524-475: The former ramps to the Sachsendamm and completion of the second directional lane the freeway was then completely opened in October 1996. The completed highway passes under the railway line, whereby a 70-meter-wide concrete slab was made, since the railway at the start of construction in 1993 could not say how the tracks are supposed to lie, since it was not included in the previous planning. In addition, there are

4611-399: The fourth ramp is missing there and the access instead takes place via the single ramp from the Sachsendamm, which remained from the former provisional junction. The construction section from Alboinstraße to Gradestraße was opened on 24 November 1981. The plans of 1965 still included the construction of a motorway intersection, but the preliminary work realized in 1981 included only a fork for

4698-409: The freight yard. The bridge for the circle line near Kiefholzstraße required a retendering which resulted in further delay. Currently the predicted completion date is end of 2024. The time horizon for further construction (BA 17) is not foreseeable. Seven route variants for the construction up to the Frankfurter Allee were investigated and with a view to further construction phases beyond. The highway

4785-466: The great annoyance of the new Nazi rulers, who declared the victory of German drivers and cars a matter of national pride. They strongly backed the construction of the new Silver Arrows ( Silberpfeile ) generation of Mercedes-Benz and Auto Union . In 1935 Luigi Fagioli won the race in a Mercedes-Benz W25 ; however, the track was no longer adequate for cars reaching average race speeds of far over 200 km/h (124 mph). In an effort to make AVUS

4872-420: The indicator board and the timekeeper's box, with a third employee succumbing to his injuries in hospital a few hours later. The Grand Prix was won by his fellow team-member, the so-far unknown Mercedes-Benz salesman Rudolf Caracciola , from Remagen , driving a private, eight-cylinder "Monza" Kompressor type. The fastest lap of 161 km/h (100 mph) was set by Ferdinando Minoia in an OM . From 1927

4959-520: The junctions were closer together than is usual for an Autobahn. For example, near the Funkturm motorway triangle there is today a complex cluster of bridges, tunnels and exits, in a stretch of only a few hundred metres. This includes the 212-meter-long tunnel under the Rathenauplatz, opened in November 1958. The route also goes under the railway lines leading to Westkreuz station, and connects at

5046-469: The lanes of the junction Alboinstraße. The provisional junction Suadicanistraße, which was additionally set up in 1987, was demolished during the construction of the previous section of the construction site on the Sachsendamm. The tunnel district Britz (often tunnel local center Britz called) was built since 1995 and opened in July 2000. In the old planning the tunnel was supposed to be run as high way. Until

5133-473: The last races in 1998, a farewell event with veterans was held in 1999. Since 2000, the new EuroSpeedway Lausitz in Brandenburg is considered the replacement venue for competition. The round race control tower at the north end still remains with its prominent Mercedes-Benz and Bosch sponsorship insignia. It is used as a (now closed) public restaurant and motel. The old wooden grandstand is protected as

5220-637: The lawsuits against further construction. The date for the beginning of the 17th construction phase remains unclear. The FDP, the AfD, the CDU and parts of the SPD want immediate further development. The Left and the Greens as well as various politicians from various parties and mayors of the affected districts express their resolve against the construction project. The construction section is classified as "under construction" by

5307-461: The manipulation scandals of the automotive industry, the planning approval procedures could become obsolete and inadmissible, so that a stop and the dismantling of the construction sites could be examined, to reduce the pollution of densely populated districts and traffic. In the draft of the Federal Transport Infrastructure Plan 2030, the 16th and the 17th construction section were combined, so that both sections are considered as an overall project; it

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5394-400: The motorway junction Charlottenburg a special function. The rebuilt city ring was connected to the square in 1973, the gap closing over this away was only in 1979. The square continues to take over the gap in the ring road continues the lack of connection to the A 111 and at the same time connects the traffic axis Siemens dam / Nonnendammallee. In rush hour traffic, the short driveway Siemensdamm

5481-566: The motorway ring was eliminated from the Berlin land use plan. The further construction of the A 100 is planned in two sections. The first section (BA 16) is under construction and leads along the Ringbahn and past the former freight station Treptow over to the AS Am Treptower Park. The planned BA 17 leads from there for the most part underground to the Storkower Straße, which is the planned final destination. The plan

5568-756: The multiplex cinema and the Park Center shopping center from 2000 to 2003, the area for the Treptower Park exit was left behind the building complexes. The planning approval documents were drafted in March 2009 and a four-week public hearing on the objections was conducted at the end of 2009. In October 2012, the Federal Administrative Court dismissed the lawsuits against the further construction as far as possible, immediately after that began preparations for construction. On 8 May 2013,

5655-673: The outbreak of the First World War , Campbell initially enlisted as a motorcycle dispatch rider and fought at the Battle of Mons in August 1914. Shortly afterwards he was commissioned as a second lieutenant in the 5th Battalion, Queen's Own Royal West Kent Regiment , a Territorial Force unit, on 2 September 1914. He was soon drafted into the Royal Flying Corps , where he was a ferry pilot, for his instructors believed he

5742-408: The outer Berliner Ring A 10 . The route in most parts runs parallel to the tracks of the inner circle line ( Ringbahn ) of the Berlin S-Bahn . The first section at western Kurfürstendamm was opened in 1958. According to the concept of a "car-friendly" city, the A 100 was then intended to become a ring road , but today a completion of the ring as an autobahn is no longer proposed. It

5829-426: The planning. From the feeder road Gradestraße the lanes of the driveway lead directly into exit of the traffic lanes on the eastern side of the junction Oberlandstraße. Between the junctions Oberlandstraße and Tempelhofer Damm is the area of the former Tempelhof Airport, which has been accessible to the public for leisure activities since 2010 as Tempelhofer Feld. Due to the high altitude of the highway you can overlook

5916-409: The project. On April 19, 2009 a bicycle demonstration amassed 1,500 participants while a flash mob was held on June 21, 2010 at a crossroads by the Oberbaum Bridge. Other campaigns, such as those led by the Initiative Wirtschaft, supported the further development of the A100 project. In the decision on the 16th construction phase, there was a dispute in the then red-red coalition in 2009: The Left Party

6003-410: The ramps in a curve on the provisional junction Grenzallee. As part of the construction work for section 16, the direct exit to Grenzallee was closed and an exit to a bypass built. As a regular junction, additional ramps to the eastern side of the junction Buschkrugallee are built into the motorway junction. The western side of the junction are the tunnel accesses of the tunnel center Britz, which formed

6090-456: The record on 19 August 1939 on Coniston Water , Lancashire (now in Cumbria). Campbell stood for Parliament without success at the 1935 general election in Deptford for the Conservative Party , despite his links to the British Union of Fascists . Reportedly, he once adorned his car with a Fascist pennant of the London Volunteer Transport Service , though there has been no photographic evidence to support this claim. Campbell died after

6177-497: The series used a road course at the Indianapolis Motor Speedway . The AVUS banking was dismantled in 1967 to give way to an expanded intersection under the Funkturm tower. From the top of this tower, one can see that the AVUS is not perfectly straight. The old banked circuit can be seen in the film A Dandy in Aspic (1968) featuring period racing cars. Racing was continued with a flat north turn, but AVUS only held national touring cars DTM and Formula Three events. The length of

6264-442: The southern branch. For example, the junction Schmargendorf as Wilmersdorf interchange with the section of the A 104 to Steglitz was built - both were downgraded as parts of a feeder to the A 100 in the course of the 2005 conversions, so that the long flyover connection ramps act unusually spacious. In 1974, the footbridge "High Arch" was added to this cross, the name of which was self-evident. The provisional exit Detmolder road led to

6351-468: The station is formed. If the construction of the highway is started, then there is a constraint for the possible routes, where the tunnel must be located at Ostkreuz. The main costs incurred in the later tunnel construction then for the ramps and the sealing of the trough, since between Ostkreuz and river banks are only a few hundred meters. The cost of this section was estimated in 1999 at 286.3 million euros (to Frankfurter Allee). An updated cost estimate in

6438-407: The track was roughly cut in half twice in the 1980s and 1990 as racing on straights became unpopular. Also, chicanes were added to reduce entry speed into the North Curve. Yet, some incidents and accidents occurred. The BMW of Dieter Quester rolled over when exiting the last corner, and crossed the finish line sliding on its roof, with sparks flying, for a podium finish. The car of John Winter hit

6525-411: The track was still unfinished. From 1920 the remaining road work was financed by businessman and politician Hugo Stinnes . The circuit, including a gate building and several stands, was inaugurated during the first post-war International Automobile Exhibition (IAA) with a motor race on 24 September 1921. Afterwards the road was open to the public at a charge of ten Marks . At the time of opening, AVUS

6612-533: The two tubes can be closed off and traffic flows through a tube in both directions. Within the tunnel, the semi-junction Britzer Damm leads eastwards into the district. Above it is the Carl Weder Park. Starting from the center of the Britz tunnel, the middle main tracks of the A 100, with a two-lane swing, lead south to the A 113, which has been under construction since 1997. The subsequent northern section of

6699-455: The war was held on 1 July 1951 for Formula Two and Formula Three cars, won by East German driver Paul Greifzu . For post-war racing, the original extremely long straights were shortened by the introduction of a new south turn roughly in the middle (just before the Hüttenweg exit, where it can still be seen), reducing the track length to 8.300 km (5.157 mi). After World War II,

6786-481: Was 19.569 km (12.160 mi) long – each straight being approximately half that length, and joined at each end by flat, large-radius curves, driven counter-clockwise. While the Grand Prix motor racing scene still evaded German tracks, the circuit from 1922 was also the site of motorcycle races . On 11 July 1926 the track played host to the first international German Grand Prix for sports cars, organised by

6873-448: Was against the expansion and the SPD was at a party congress initially against, but later again for construction. The controversy over the expansion plans led on 5 October 2011 to a failure of the red-green coalition negotiations following the 2011 Chamber of Deputies. Under the red-black coalition, the then Federal Transport Minister Peter Ramsauer took on 15 December 2011, the section in the investment framework 2011-2015. The construction

6960-559: Was born in 1921, and their daughter, Jean, in 1923. Dorothy, who became Lady Campbell when he was knighted in 1931, later described him as "quite unfitted for the role of husband and family man". They divorced in 1940. Campbell married Betty Nicory in 1945 in Chelsea . Campbell wrote a number of "motoring mystery" novels including Salute to the Gods which was the source material for the 1939 motion picture Burn 'Em Up O'Connor . At

7047-616: Was no wall or fence. German driver and journalist Richard von Frankenberg had previously walked away from a similar spectacular crash at the same site, but Behra would have no such luck as his body impacted a flagpole head-first after he was flung from his car. After 1961, Grand Prix racing did not race on banked circuits until 2000 . The banked sections at Autodromo Nazionale Monza and Autodrome de Linas-Montlhéry were considered dangerous by international racing standards. They were used in connection with chicanes for some time, then abandoned. Banking only returned to Formula One in 2000 when

7134-513: Was originally scheduled to begin in 2012 and be completed in 2016. At the request of BUND and several private applicants, the Federal Administrative Court on 9 February 2012 banned the Berlin Senate Department for Urban Development by urgent decision to carry out preparatory measures for the extension of the A 100 motorway, in particular to expose parts of the route. [On 10 October 2012, the Federal Administrative Court dismissed

7221-479: Was present, as many teams had refused to show up and the German Grand Prix was still held on the Nürburgring. Finally AVUS hosted its only world championship Formula One race with the 1959 German Grand Prix on 2 August, won by Tony Brooks . This race weekend also saw the death of French driver Jean Behra in a supporting sports car race, as his Porsche RSK flew over the top of the north turn banking, as there

7308-399: Was the fastest motor racing lap in history until this time was bettered by Tony Bettenhausen in qualifying for the 1957 Race of Two Worlds at Monza. It was also bettered by four drivers during the 1971 Indianapolis 500. Mercedes driver Hermann Lang 's average race speed of about 276 km/h (171 mph) was the fastest road race in history for nearly five decades, and was not matched on

7395-552: Was to be connected to the growing Reichsautobahn network in 1940 by extending it south towards the Berliner Ring , therefore the original hairpin at Nikolassee was demolished and replaced by a junction. A planned banked south turn was never built; the cleared grounds in the Grunewald forest were used as a proving ground ("Keerans Range") by the American occupation forces after World War II . The first AVUS race after

7482-540: Was too clumsy to make the grade as a fighter pilot. During the late 1930s, he commanded the provost company of the 56th (London) Division of the Territorial Army . From 1940 to 1942, he commanded the military police contingent of the Coats Mission tasked with evacuating King George VI , Queen Elizabeth and their immediate family from London in the event of German invasion. On 23 January 1943 he

7569-564: Was transferred from the Corps of Military Police to the General List . On 16 December 1945, having attained the age limit of 60, Campbell relinquished his commission and was granted the honorary rank of major . Campbell competed in Grand Prix motor racing , winning the 1927 and 1928 Grand Prix de Boulogne in France driving a Bugatti T37A . Campbell broke the land speed record for

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