The Amchang Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary located on the eastern fringe of Guwahati , Assam , India. The name Amchang is originated from the name of Arleng village named Amcheng (now Amsing) located in the heart of the wildlife sanctuary. The sanctuary is known for hosting rare and endangered birds and animals. Amchang's habitat is dominated by tropical moist deciduous forest with semi-evergreen forest in depressions and river-valleys. It is known for its elephants which have become isolated with no movement with other elephant-populations. The first published information of these elephants was found in 1985 There were depredations in the fringe areas, which are part of Guwahati city, the capital of Assam. It was acute as the pachyderms were confined to an isolated forest not very large. Hence, a protected area was mooted. The wild elephants from Amchang often enter parts of Guwahati City but on a few occasions they travelled to the heart of the city. The sanctuary has other mammals such as Chinese pangolin, slow loris, Assamese macaque, rhesus monkey, hoolock gibbon, leopard, leopard cat, jungle cat, sambar, barking deer, red serow, Malayan giant squirrel, crestless Himalayan porcupine. However, it is the presence of an isolated population of gaur or Indian "bison" that has added significance to Amchang. This bovid is also confined to this sanctuary with no links to other areas. Amchang is an Important Bird & Biodiversity Area. The sanctuary has a diverse birdlife. Some noteworthy species found includes White-backed vulture, Slender-billed vulture, White-cheeked hill partridges, Grey peacock pheasant, Kaleej pheasant, Greater adjutant stork mostly in flight, Great pied hornbill, Oriental pied hornbill and Green imperial pigeon among many others. Prior to 2004, the area was made up of three individual reserved forests, the Amchang reserved forest, South Amchang reserved forest and Khanapara reserved forest. These three forests were combined in 2004 by the Assam government to form the sanctuary as it exists today. It is spread over in an area of 78.64 square kilometre
18-654: In November 2017, Assam state police and the Indian Forest Department forcibly removed over 400 families who were living in the sanctuary at the request of the Supreme Court of India. According to state's Environment & Forest Minister Pramila Rani Brahma , the encroachment of settlers on the land has caused the elephants that live there to search for food outside of the sanctuary, causing deaths and destruction of crops in villages around Guwahati. Police used various methods to disperse protestors of
36-464: A 40% gap between available water supplies and water needs by 2030, and some critical materials could be in short supply as soon as 2016. These challenges could lead to disruptions to supply, growing regulatory requirements, volatile fluctuation of prices, and may ultimately threaten the viability of existing business models . Resource efficiency measures, methods, and aims are quite similar to those of resource productivity / resource intensity and of
54-546: A smart, inclusive and sustainable economy . It supports the shift towards sustainable growth via a resource-efficient, low-carbon economy . In October 2012 Tomsk Polytechnic University (TPU) launched the Development Program of Resource Efficient Technologies for the period 2013–2018. That program was presented by TPU in 2009 at the Russian federal competition "National Research University". A key point of
72-444: Is built-in sustainability, in which ( non-renewable ) resource-wasting is ruled out by design. They are generally built to be holistic , robustly self-sustaining and respecting the carrying capacity of the economic or ecological system. A key tool in resource efficiency is measuring different aspects of resource use (e.g. carbon footprint , water footprint , land footprint or material use ), then identifying 'hot spots' where
90-585: Is currently held by Bhupender Yadav , Union Minister of Environment, Forest and Climate Change . The ministry is responsible for planning, promoting, coordinating, and overseeing the implementation of environmental and forestry programmes in the country. The main activities undertaken by the ministry include conservation and survey of the flora of India and fauna of India , forests and other wilderness areas ; prevention and control of pollution ; Indian Himalayan Environment and its sustainable development; afforestation , and land degradation mitigation. It
108-520: Is on achieving increased understanding and implementation by public and private decision makers, as well as civil society, of policies and actions for resource efficiency and SCP. This includes the promotion of sustainable resource management in a life cycle perspective for goods and services. The resource-efficient Europe flagship initiative is part of the Europe 2020 Strategy, the EU's growth strategy for
126-555: Is responsible for the administration of the national parks of India . The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change is the cadre controlling authority of the Indian Forest Service (IFS), one of the three All India Services . Environmental debates were first introduced into the national political agenda during Indira Gandhi's first term as Prime Minister of India . The 4th Five-Year Plan (1969–74), for example, proclaimed "harmonious development [...] on
144-508: Is the maximising of the supply of money, materials, staff, and other assets that can be drawn on by a person or organization in order to function effectively, with minimum wasted ( natural ) resource expenses . It means using the Earth's limited resources in a sustainable manner while minimising environmental impact . A 2014 report by The Carbon Trust suggested that resource challenges are intensifying rapidly – for example, there could be
162-601: The Draft National Resource Efficiency Policy . It is a set of guidelines which envisions a future with environmentally sustainable and equitable economic growth. The policy is guided by principle of reduction in primary resource consumption; creation of higher value with less material through resource efficient circular approach; waste minimization; material security and creation of employment opportunities and business model beneficial to cause of environment protection and restoration. It
180-473: The Coordination Committee of Tribal Organisations (CCTO) deemed the evictions "illegal". 26°11′03″N 91°51′44″E / 26.18422°N 91.86213°E / 26.18422; 91.86213 Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change ( MoEFCC ) is an Indian government ministry . The ministry portfolio
198-456: The basis of a comprehensive appraisal of environmental issues." In 1977 (during the Emergency ) Gandhi added Article 48A to the constitution stating that: "The State shall endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country." The same decree transferred wildlife and forests from state list to concurrent list of the constitution, thus giving
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#1732772059759216-512: The central government the power to overrule state decisions on that matter. Such political and constitutional changes prepared the groundwork for the creation of a federal Department of Environment in 1980, turned into the Ministry of Environment and Forests in 1985. Although tackling climate change was already a responsibility of the ministry, its priority was raised when in May 2014 the ministry
234-447: The eviction drive and families living in the sanctuary, including rubber bullets, tear gas, and elephants to destroy illegally built homes. 15 people were allegedly injured during the eviction, although this claim was denied by the then police commissioner of Guwahati. The incident led to discussions about the rights of the indigenous people many of whom were victims of the forced eviction after being displaced by rampant flooding. Notably,
252-533: The most resources are used or where there are the best opportunities to reduce this resource use. For example, WRAP has published information on hotspots for 50 grocery products likely to contribute most to the environmental impacts associated with UK household consumption . WRAP have created a range of tools and guides to help improve business resource efficiency. UNEP works to promote resource efficiency and sustainable consumption and production (SCP) in both developed and developing countries . The focus
270-459: The program of TPU was announced the formation of high school as a world-class university-based staffing and development of technologies for resource-efficient economy. TPU developed educational module "Resource Efficiency", prepared and published a textbook "Principals of resource efficiency", optional subject matter of the same name introduced in the curriculum (for all disciplines and areas of undergraduate). TPU envisages university development in
288-418: The slightly more environment-inclined concept of ecological efficiency / eco-efficiency . To achieve and optimize natural resource and energy efficiency , several sustainable economical or production schemes have been proposed over the course of the last 50 years: circular economy , cradle-to-cradle - or regenerative design , as well as biomimetics principles, just to name a few. Common to all of them
306-833: Was based on the report of NITI Aayog and European Union titled, The strategy on resource efficiency . The policy seeks to set up a National Resource Efficiency Authority with core working group housed in the Ministry. It also plans to offer tax benefits on recycled materials and soft loans to set up waste disposal and material recovery facilities. As of 8 December 2021, some states have received more than Rupees 47,000 crore for afforestation. The states are directed to channel this amount as compensatory afforestation which shall be used for plantations, assisted natural forest regeneration, forest fire-prevention, pest and disease control in forest, and expedite soil and moisture conservation works. Resource efficiency Resource efficiency
324-453: Was renamed to the current title of Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change . The forest administration is based on demarcation of states into Forest Divisions which consists of Forest Ranges. Forest Beats under Ranges are the smallest unit of administration hierarchy. Natural features on the field form the boundaries of each beat which has an average area of around 16 km square. In August 2019 Ministry of Environment released
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