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63-609: Anderson Hall may refer to: Turkey [ edit ] Anderson Hall at Boğaziçi University in İstanbul United States [ edit ] Anderson Hall (Gainesville, Florida) Anderson Hall (Manhattan, Kansas) , administration building of Kansas State University, listed on the NRHP Anderson Hall (Lexington, Kentucky) Anderson Hall (Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) Anderson Hall (West Chester, Pennsylvania) Artelia Anderson Hall , Paducah, Kentucky, listed on

126-640: A graduate institute have been established by decree of the President of the State: the Faculty of Law, Faculty of Communication, and the Institute for Data Science & Artificial Intelligence. Other faculties have been reorganized or disbanded. Notably, in spring 2024, the Faculty of Arts and Sciences was split in two, despite the unanimous objection of all the affected department heads. In retaliation to

189-418: A hundred individuals with ties to Boğaziçi University, alumni, retired and emeriti faculty members, have been blacklisted by the appointed administration and are not allowed to enter the institution. A 2023 decision by the rectorate prohibited all retired and emeriti faculty members who are not currently teaching any courses from entering the university grounds. These measures have led to a serious depopulation of

252-592: A new offensive immediately following his ascent to the throne in 1451. In response to the coronation of the ambitious young Sultan, Byzantine Emperor Constantine XI (1449–53), in a classic Byzantine diplomatic move threatened the Ottomans with another potential civil war by releasing Orhan (a pretender to the Ottoman throne). This move by the Byzantines was seen as pretext for war and thus Mehmed proceeded with

315-473: A planned Ottoman siege on the then- Byzantine city of Constantinople , with the goal of cutting off maritime military and logistical relief that could potentially come to the Byzantines' aid by way of the Bosphorus Strait, hence the fortress's alternative name, "Boğazkesen", i.e. "Strait-cutter" Castle. Its older sister structure, Anadoluhisari ("Anatolian Fortress"), sits on the opposite banks of

378-735: A secondary and more macabre meaning; as boğaz not only means strait but also "throat" in Turkish. It was later renamed as Rumelihisarı, which means "Fortress on the Land of the Romans", i.e. Byzantine Europe, or the Balkan peninsula . A battalion of 400 Janissaries was stationed in the fortress, and large cannons were placed in the Halil Pasha Tower, the main tower on the waterfront. Having completed his fortresses, Mehmed proceeded to levy

441-563: A slight modification, whereby the names of the three candidates with the highest votes were to be submitted to the Council of Higher Education. The council was to turn in one of these names, preferably the candidate with the highest vote, to the President of Turkey for appointment. To ensure that their candidate with the highest vote would be appointed as rector, upon request from the BU faculty,

504-488: A soccer field, after the §Seizure of Power . The South Campus is considered to be the most popular Boğaziçi University Campus. It houses various historic buildings of Robert College, including Hamlin, Washburn, Theodorus, Dodge, Albert Long and Anderson Halls as well as the Kennedy Lodge, named after John F. Kennedy , and currently serving as a welcoming facility for visiting professors and staff. The North Campus

567-411: A toll on ships passing within reach of their cannon. A Venetian vessel ignoring signals to stop was sunk with a single shot and all the surviving sailors beheaded, except for the captain, who was impaled and mounted as a human scarecrow as a warning to further sailors on the strait. These cannons were later used until the second half of the 19th century to greet the sultan when he passed by sea. After

630-475: A vote of confidence from the faculty. The top-down appointment of Melih Bulu , an external candidate with close ties to the Justice and Development Party , on January 2, 2021 represented a radical and unprecedented intervention in the university's governance. Resistance and acts of protest by faculty, students , and alumni immediately followed. More than 150 students were detained. The new rector dismissed

693-468: A wealthy American philanthropist, and Cyrus Hamlin , a Congregational missionary devoted to education. Six years after its foundation, the first campus (the current-day Boğaziçi South Campus) was built on the ridge near Rumeli Hisarı (the Rumelian Castle ) with the permission of Sultan Abdulaziz . According to a college catalogue compiled for the 1878–1879 academic year, "the object of

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756-531: Is 21 m (69 ft) high, and has a 26.70 m (87.6 ft) diameter with 5.70 m (18.7 ft) thick walls. The space within each tower was divided up with wooden floors, each equipped with a furnace. Conical wooden roofs covered with lead originally crowned the towers, although these no longer survive today. The outer curtain walls of the fortress are 250 m (820 ft) long from north to south, and vary between 50 and 125 m (164 and 410 ft) long from east to west. The complex's total area

819-460: Is 31,250 m (336,372 sq ft). The fortress had three main gates next to the main towers, one side gate and two secret gates for the arsenal and food cellars next to the southern tower. There were wooden houses for the soldiers and a small mosque , endowed by the Sultan at the time of construction. Only the minaret shaft remains of the original mosque, while the small masjid added in

882-695: Is a prominent public research university in Istanbul, Turkey , historically tied to a former American educational institution, Robert College . Robert College was the first American college to be founded outside the United States. The main campus of Boğaziçi University is located on the European side of the Bosphorus strait . It has seven faculties and two schools offering undergraduate degrees and seven institutes offering graduate degrees. Traditionally,

945-443: Is also known as Fatih ("Conqueror") Tower after Sultan Mehmed II's cognomen . The large tower at the waterfront in the middle of the fortress, Halil Pasha Tower, is a dodecagonal prism, and also has 9 stories. It is 22 m (72 ft) high with a 23.30 m (76.4 ft) diameter, and walls measuring 6.50 m (21.3 ft) thick. The main tower in the south, Zağanos Pasha Tower, has only 8 stories. This cylindrical tower

1008-483: Is held at the South Campus and other university venues. Usually, some 300 to 800 students from all over the world come to compete in various events. Faculty of Arts and Sciences Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences Faculty of Education Rumelihisar%C4%B1 Conceived and built between 1451 and 1452 CE on the orders of Sultan Mehmed II , the complex was commissioned in preparation for

1071-415: Is home to Aptullah Kuran Library, which contains more than 740,000 printed books, 800,000 e-books, 55,000 e-journals as well as an extensive collection of Braille books, and a collection of rare books and manuscripts. However, in 2023 the building was evacuated and will be demolished due to earthquake risk. As of 2024, open shelf access has been suspended and library services minimized. The Kandilli Campus

1134-598: Is on the opposite side of the Bosphorus in Çengelköy , and hosts the historic Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute (KOERI). The Kilyos Sarıtepe campus, located on the Black Sea coast, is home to a private beach . It is the first self-sufficient university campus in the world, meeting all of its electricity demands from its own wind power plant. In 2022, the Anadolu Hisarı Campus, which

1197-462: The American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (ABCFM) yet holding a significant number of missionaries among its faculty in its earlier years, adopted an entirely secular and non-denominational educational model in 1923 in compliance with the new republican principles of Turkey . Before 1971, Robert College, had junior high school , high school , and university sections under

1260-491: The Anatolian (i.e. Asian ) banks of the Bosphorus; an older Ottoman fortress built between 1393 and 1394 by Sultan Bayezid I . Historically, there had been a Roman fortification at the hilltop where Rumelihisari was to be built, which had later been used as a prison by the Byzantines and Genoese . Later on, a monastery had been built there. Construction began on April 15, 1452. The structure's top-view plans represent

1323-548: The Arnavutköy campus of the American College for Girls; despite continuing to call itself a college it became merely a high school." On September 10, 1971, Robert College bequeathed today's South Campus of 118 acres, including buildings, the library, laboratories, and all facilities and personnel, to the Turkish government. Boğaziçi University was officially established as a Turkish public university. Since then,

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1386-486: The Black Sea , such as Caffa , Sinop and Amasra . The site for the new fortress was quickly decided to be the narrowmost point of the Bosphorus , where the strait is a mere 660 meters (2,170 ft) wide. This tall, hilltop site on the strait's European banks not only made for easier control of the waterway, but also had the advantage of being situated directly across the Anadoluhisarı ("Anatolian Fortress") on

1449-660: The Archive and Documentation Center (staff dismissed, archives transferred to the university library and documentation center), Byzantine Studies Research Center (despite donation from an international funding agency for hosting various activities and supporting researchers and students), Human Development Research Center (while organizing an international conference), the Nazım Hikmet Arts and Culture Research Center and Telecommunications and Informatics Technologies Research Center . On June 10, 2022, four professors from

1512-497: The Bosporus, and the two fortresses worked in tandem during the final siege to throttle all naval traffic along the Bosphorus, thus helping the Ottomans achieve their goal of making the city of Constantinople (later renamed Istanbul) their new imperial capital in 1453. After the Ottoman conquest of the city, Rumelihisarı served as a customs checkpoint and occasional prison, notably for the embassies of states that were at war with

1575-480: The College is to give to its students, without distinction of race or religion, a thorough education equal in all respects to that obtained at a first-class American college and based upon the same general principles." After Cyrus Hamlin , the college was administered by George Washburn (1877–1903) and Caleb Gates (1903–1932). The college, which was established as an institution of higher learning independent of

1638-547: The Empire. After suffering extensive damage in the Great Earthquake of 1509 , the structure was repaired, and was used continuously until the late 19th century. Today, the fortress is a popular museum open to the public, and further acts as an open-air venue for seasonal concerts, art festivals, and special events. The necessity of a strategic fortress on the Bosphorus was well known to the Ottomans, who had started in

1701-589: The NRHP in Kentucky Anderson Hall (Maryville College) , Tennessee, listed on the NRHP L. C. Anderson Hall , Prairie View, Texas, listed on the NRHP in Texas Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Anderson Hall . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to

1764-760: The Second Kilyos Dormitory is for males. The Superdorm and Kandilli Dorms also provide accommodation to Boğaziçi University students. The Kandilli Dormitory for female students opened in 2017 on the Kandilli Campus. The waste water collected from the bathrooms at the Kandilli Dorm is reused in the toilet reservoirs after treatment. Boğaziçi University ranks first in Turkey and 197th internationally according to U.S. News & World Report 2021 Best Global Universities Rankings, and shares

1827-540: The administration has prevented the faculty from determining which classes will be taught, and by whom. In 2022, the offices of many research centers were evicted with very little or no notice. Belongings of the centers - files, documents, equipment, research projects, etc.-  were put in trash bags and dumped in remote locations on the campus.   The centers thus removed from their offices include The Istanbul Mathematical Sciences Center , Peace Education Application and Research Center , and Social Policies Forum ,

1890-659: The administration. The contracts of a number of academicians (both foreign and Turkish) were annulled. A number of retired and emeritus professors were banned from teaching and prohibited from entering the campus. Across virtually all faculties and academic units, duly elected faculty and administrators have been purged, with deans, department chairs, and vice-chairs removed from office and replaced by appointment. These purges have continued into 2024. As many as 100 new faculty members have been added outside of normal protocols. There has been significant and unprecedented disruption of both teaching and research activities. Notably,

1953-435: The appointed administration, including those by individuals, deans, and academic departments. Alumni of Boğaziçi University have supported the resistance by joining the vigils, organizing various events and public declarations.  A large number of national and international institutions, as well as individuals including Noam Chomsky , David Harvey , and Judith Butler have acknowledged and expressed their support for

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2016-460: The appointed names were close to the government or directly from the AK Party. Student and faculty resistance continues unabated in spite of legal bans. As of 2024, daily protest vigils had taken place for more than 1,000 days. Unprecedented academic interventions followed immediately after the appointment of the first imposed rector Melih Bulu who initiated a set of operations to transform

2079-422: The campus and minimizing student socialization. Students, who made Boğaziçi a hub of vivid social and cultural activity, now prefer to spend time outside the campus grounds. Peaceful student demonstrations have been interrupted with force, as imposed rectors allowed anti-terror teams on the university grounds, resulting in the detainment and arrest of many students on different occasions. The ongoing resistance to

2142-421: The campuses. As of July 2024, the situation had escalated to the point that even members of the Turkish parliament were being barred from attending ceremonies on campus. Student life is being closely monitored by the usurping administration, with many students subjected to disciplinary investigation and punishment, and many student club activities constrained or censored. Especially vulnerable were members of

2205-459: The conquest of Constantinople, the fortress served as a customs checkpoint. Rumelihisarı, designated to control the passage of ships through the strait, eventually lost its strategic importance when a second pair of fortresses was built farther up the Bosphorus, where the strait meets the Black Sea. In the 17th century, it was used as a prison, primarily for foreign prisoners of war . Rumelihisarı

2268-486: The earlier faculty deans to appoint himself or candidates from outside the university to their positions. Bulu was dismissed from the rectorship by President Erdoğan on July 15, 2021. Following this, Naci İnci , another government-backed contender was appointed to the office, despite receiving a 95% no confidence vote and the existence of 17 alternative candidates approved by the faculty. The imposition of Bulu and İnci as rectors in spite of outspoken opposition from

2331-539: The faculty signaled a political takeover of Boğaziçi. The extensive executive powers granted to rectors under the Higher Education Law (which were de facto never implemented at Boğaziçi University due to its democratic governance history and institutional practice) mean that the university has become a microcosm of the country's one-man rule. On June 4, 2024, the Constitutional court of Turkey,

2394-578: The fifth rank among Turkish universities according to the Times Higher Education World University Rankings of 2021 (internationally: 601 – 800). Taşoda Music Festival is organized by Boğaziçi University Music Club every spring. It is the most important amateur music festival held in Turkey and takes its name from Music Club's studio at the South Campus. Every May the Boğaziçi Sports Festival

2457-518: The former for female students, the latter for males. They have similar 1980s modernist architectural designs. The Third North Campus Dorm was opened for female students in 2010. The Fourth Dormitory of the North Campus has been in service since 2011, and mainly accepts graduate students. The Kilyos Campus Dormitories are approximately one hour's drive away from Boğaziçi South and North campuses. The First Kilyos Dormitory serves female students while

2520-561: The highest court in the land, nullified the decree that allowed Erdoğan to appoint rectors. The annulment decision will come into force after 12 months, and the Turkish Grand National Assembly will have to make new legal regulations within this period. Nevertheless, on August 16, without waiting for any new regulation by the Parliament, Erdoğan appointed rectors to 13 universities. It has been noted that

2583-562: The initials of Mehmed and the Muhammad . Each one of the three main towers was named after the royal vizier who supervised its respective construction; Sadrazam Çandarlı Halil Pasha , who built the large tower next to the gate; Zağanos Pasha , who built the south tower; and Sarıca Pasha, who built the north tower. The Sultan himself personally inspected the activities on the site. The Rumelihisarı fortification has one small tower, three main towers, and thirteen small watchtowers placed on

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2646-492: The intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anderson_Hall&oldid=1093137470 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Architectural disambiguation pages Bo%C4%9Fazi%C3%A7i University Boğaziçi University ( Turkish : Boğaziçi Üniversitesi ), also known as Bosphorus University ,

2709-483: The language of instruction is English. Boğaziçi University is a center of attraction for students who excel in the nation-wide entrance examination, as well as for distinguished faculty. Its liberal approach has fostered an interdisciplinary and international research environment, and the peaceful coexistence of different lifestyles and worldviews. In 1863, Robert College was founded in Bebek by Christopher Robert ,

2772-515: The late 14th century to harbor intentions of capturing the city of Constantinople as a new capital for their then-nascent Empire. In a previous Ottoman attempt to conquer the city, Sultan Murad II (1421–44, 1446–51) had encountered difficulties due to a blockade of the Bosphorus by the Byzantine fleet. Having learned the importance of maritime strategy from this earlier attempt, Sultan Mehmed II (1444–46, 1451–81), son of Murad II, started planning

2835-500: The mid-16th century has not survived. A new mosque has since been built in the grounds. Water was supplied to the fortress from a large cistern underneath the mosque and distributed through three wall-fountains, of which only one remains. Two inscriptive plaques are found attached to the walls. The fortress was initially called "Boğazkesen", literally meaning "Strait Cutter", referring to the Bosporus Strait . The name carries

2898-482: The names Robert Academy , Robert College , and Robert College Yüksek (' Yüksek" meaning "high" in Turkish ) . In 1971, the Bebek campus and academic staff of Robert College were turned over to the Republic of Turkey to be transformed into a public university named Boğaziçi University, the renamed continuation of Robert College's university section (i.e. Robert College Yüksek ). The rest of Robert College moved into

2961-425: The new regime is gender segregation of dorms and their removal from central campus grounds; as of Fall 2023, the South Campus has been exclusively reserved for women's dorms. Gyms and pools have also had new rules instituted mandating gender segregation. While the layout and texture of the historical core of the university remains intact, heavy security measures and police presence has had the effect of depopulating

3024-487: The plans of conquering the Constantinopole by first commissioning the construction of a large fortress that would be used to control all sea traffic along the Bosphorus, and would work together with the older Anadoluhisari (Anatolia Fortress) on the strait to prevent any possible maritime aid from reaching Constantinople during the final Ottoman siege of the city in 1453, particularly from Genoese colonies along

3087-430: The protests against the interventions of the new administration, a series of investigations were initiated against full- and part-time academicians, as well as retired and emeritus professors. Several faculty members were banned from teaching and entering the campus for months. The contracts of a number of teaching staff were not renewed; in cases taken to court, court decisions in favor of academicians were disregarded by

3150-463: The rector candidates accepted an informal agreement to reject the appointment, in the case they did not come in first and their name was the one submitted to the President. In 2016, the President did not appoint the Boğaziçi University candidate who received 86% of the votes but instead appointed Mehmed Özkan , the deputy of the former elected rector. Nevertheless, Özkan subsequently received

3213-541: The resistance of Boğaziçi University. Boğaziçi University operates on seven campuses in Istanbul. Four of these campuses (South Campus, North Campus, Hisar Campus, and Uçaksavar Campus) are within walking distance to each other on a hill above the affluent district of Bebek on the European side of Istanbul, overlooking the Bosphorus (hence the name). All these campuses have been subject to major physical and functional transformations, with Uçaksavar Campus being reduced to

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3276-510: The resistance. Many academicians have published articles in national and international press discussing the resistance and its rationale. The means of resistance of the faculty members include refusal to cooperate with the imposed administration, daily vigils, weekly bulletins, lawsuits, public statements, departmental joint declarations, open courses and presenting and defending the BU case at international conferences and academic associations. Over 200 lawsuits have been filed against

3339-490: The seizure of administrative control, which began with the 2021 Boğaziçi University protests , has received support through declarations and awards by national and international academic institutions and associations. The violations of academic freedom at the university have received significant attention in the media as well. Several mainstream TV channels have covered the resistance extensively on prime time news programs. Many TV stations have interviewed faculty members about

3402-402: The student LGBTI+ community, whose student club was banned, activities censored, and group members criminalized. In June 2023, the majority of student club offices located at a central dorm building located on the main campus (South Campus) were forcefully removed by security forces, and club facilities were relocated to a building situated at the fringes of the campus. One policy element of

3465-532: The university has gradually transformed from a small liberal arts college into a major research university. At its inception, the university had a president and an administration, which was answerable to councils and committees made up of faculty members. All faculty, both senior and junior, attended the general assemblies, where important questions were discussed and decisions were made. The 1980 Turkish coup d'état affected participatory democracy at universities negatively, as it did many other institutions. During

3528-639: The university's modus operandi . Such interventions continue in an accelerated manner under the second imposed rector, Naci İnci, since July 15, 2021. According to reporting by the Arab Studies Institute, “Decades-long procedures and rules concerning meetings, agenda setting, voting, and approval of minutes were consistently violated, Senate and Executive Board members being muted during on-line meetings and being treated with disrespect. Casting multiple votes to obtain favorable results in meetings became regular practice.” Two new faculties and

3591-440: The university's Council of Information Technologies revealed the violation of General Data Protection Regulation rights of 60,000+ Boğaziçi members (students, academicians, personnel, and graduates). The whistleblowers have been met with reprisal including campus bans, lawsuits, and attempts to bar them from public service. Additional accusations of technical mismanagement have stemmed from an arbitrary and disruptive change to

3654-422: The university's campuses have been constantly surrounded by armed vehicles and police forces. The presence of increasing numbers of security personnel and plainclothes police officers in the campus is coupled with the installation of hundreds of surveillance cameras around the university premises. Except for select members of pro-government media organizations, journalists are not allowed on the campuses. More than

3717-643: The university's domain name. Finally, the seizure of the university also affected the institutional support system of the university such as the Boğaziçi Alumni Association which has been expelled from its social center in the main campus and the Boğaziçi University Foundation which has been taken over by the appointed administration by virtue of the right given to the rector by the original Trust Deed to periodically introduce new trustees. Since immediately after Bulu's appointment,

3780-441: The walls connecting the main towers. One watchtower is in the form of a quadrangular prism , six watchtowers are shaped as prisms with multiple corners, and six others are cylindrical. The main tower in the north, Sarıca Pasha Tower, is cylindrical in form, with a diameter of 23.30 m (76.4 ft), walls that are 7 m (23 ft) thick, and a total of 9 stories reaching a height of 28 m (92 ft). Today, this tower

3843-450: The years of martial law, Boğaziçi University was under the administration of a rector externally appointed by the newly established Council of Higher Education . During the normalization of politics in the post-coup period, faculty members of BU proposed a system for the election of the rector in 1992. Accordingly, the faculty members were to elect the rector. The Council of Higher Education accepted this model for all Turkish universities with

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3906-528: Was partly destroyed by an earthquake in 1509 but was repaired soon after. In 1746, a fire destroyed all the wooden parts in two of the main towers. The fortress was repaired by Sultan Selim III (1761–1807). However, a new residential neighborhood was formed inside the fortress after it was abandoned in the 19th century. In 1953, on the orders of President Celal Bayar , the inhabitants were relocated and extensive restoration work began on 16 May 1955, which lasted until 29 May 1958. Since 1960 Rumelihisarı has been

3969-498: Was previously under the administration of Marmara University , was transferred to Boğaziçi University. The university has ten dormitories on its different campuses. Boğaziçi's First Men's and Women's Dorms are housed in some of the oldest buildings in the historic South Campus and offer students the chance to participate in the university's active social life. There are also four dormitories on Boğaziçi's North Campus. The First and Second North Campus Dormitories were opened in 198,

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