10-476: The sombre greenbul ( Andropadus importunus ) is a member of the bulbul family of passerine birds . It is a resident breeder in coastal bush, evergreen forest and dry shrub land in eastern and southern Africa. It is the only member of the genus Andropadus . Eighteen species of greenbuls originally described in the genus Andropadus were re-classified to the genera Arizelocichla , Stelgidillas and Eurillas in 2010. This has left Andropadus as
20-545: A family , Pycnonotidae , of medium-sized passerine songbirds , which also includes greenbuls , brownbuls , leafloves , and bristlebills . The family is distributed across most of Africa and into the Middle East, tropical Asia to Indonesia, and north as far as Japan. A few insular species occur on the tropical islands of the Indian Ocean. There are 166 species in 32 genera . While different species are found in
30-447: A monotypic genus with the sombre greenbul remaining as its sole extant species. The sombre greenbul was originally described in the genus Turdus and was later re-classified to the genus Andropadus . Alternatively, some authorities classify the sombre greenbul in the genus Pycnonotus . Alternate names for the sombre greenbul include the sombre bulbul , southern sombre bulbul and southern sombre greenbul . Four subspecies of
40-477: A penetrating single whistle weeeewee , followed by a jumbled chortle and ending off with a rather plaintive, drawn-out whistle willy . If agitated, a call of peeet peeet peeet repeatedly is likely to be heard. The sombre greenbul is a common bird, which tends to stay hidden in foliage and is more often heard than seen. It is usually found in pairs or small groups foraging for insects, fruit and small snails. Bulbul See text The bulbuls are members of
50-515: A wide range of habitats, the African species are predominantly found in rainforest , whereas Asian bulbuls are predominantly found in more open areas. The family Pycnonotidae was introduced by the English zoologist George Robert Gray in 1840 as a subfamily Pycnonotinae of the thrush family Turdidae . The Arabic word bulbul (بلبل) is sometimes used to refer to the " nightingale " as well as
60-559: Is now placed in a separate family Nicatoridae . A study published in 2007 by Ulf Johansson and colleagues using three nuclear markers found that the genus Andropadus was non-monophyletic . In the subsequent revision, species were moved to three resurrected genera: Arizelocichla , Stelgidillas and Eurillas . Only the sombre greenbul ( Andropadus importunus ), was retained in Andropadus . A study by Subir Shakya and Frederick Shelden published in 2017 found that species in
70-465: The bulbul, but the English word bulbul refers to the birds discussed in this article. A few species that were previously considered to be members of the Pycnonotidae have been moved to other families. Several Malagasy species that were formerly placed in the genus Phyllastrephus are now placed in the family Bernieridae . In addition, the genus Nicator containing three African species
80-2242: The large genus Pycnonotus formed several deeply divergent clades. The genus was split and six genera were resurrected to accommodate these clades. The family forms two main clades. One clade contains species that are only found in Africa; many of these have greenbul in the common name. The second clade contains mostly Asian species but includes a few species that are found in Africa. Pycnonotidae – bulbuls (167 species) Paradoxornithidae – parrotbills and myzornis (38 species) Sylviidae – sylviid babblers (32 species) Zosteropidae – white-eyes (152 species) Timaliidae – tree babblers (58 species) Pellorneidae – ground babblers (68 species) Alcippeidae – Alcippe fulvettas (10 species) Leiothrichidae – laughingthrushes and allies (133 species) Currently, there are 167 recognized species in 32 genera: Andropadus – sombre greenbul Calyptocichla – golden greenbul Stelgidillas – slender-billed greenbul Neolestes – black-collared bulbul Phyllastrephus – greenbuls, brownbuls, leaflove (20 species) Criniger – greenbuls (5 species) Eurillas – greenbuls (5 species) Bleda – bristlebills (5 species) Arizelocichla – greenbuls (12 species) Atimastillas – yellow-throated leaflove Ixonotus – spotted greenbul Thescelocichla – swamp palm bulbul Arizelocichla montana – Cameroon greenbul Chlorocichla – greenbuls (5 species) Baeopogon – greenbuls (2 species) Chlorocichla simplex – simple greenbul Brachypodius – (4 species) Poliolophus – yellow-wattled bulbul Euptilotus – puff-backed bulbul Microtarsus – black-and-white bulbul Ixodia – (3 species) Rubigula – (5 species) Pycnonotus – (34 species) Nok – bare-faced bulbul Spizixos – finchbills (2 species) Tricholestes – hairy-backed bulbul Alophoixus – (8 species) Setornis – hook-billed bulbul Alcurus – striated bulbul Iole – (7 species) Acritillas – yellow-browed bulbul Hemixos – (4 species) Hypsipetes – (25 species) Stelgidillas Too Many Requests If you report this error to
90-427: The north, birds are yellower with greener upper parts. It has a white iris. The sexes are similar in plumage, but juveniles are even duller than the adult and have dark, grey eyes. There is no colour distinction among sexes. The subspecies A. i. hypoxanthus is much yellower below than the nominate subspecies. The sombre greenbul is a vocal species, and the most typical call is a monotonous, ringing phrase starting with
100-415: The sombre greenbul are recognized: Formerly, some authorities also considered the following species (or subspecies) as species within the genus Andropadus : The sombre greenbul is 15–18 cm long, with mainly dull greyish olive-green plumage, paler on the underparts than above. There are variations in colour based on habitat range. Individuals located in southern Africa tend to be plain, olive-green. To
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