68-624: Anglesea may refer to: Places [ edit ] Anglesea (modern spelling Anglesey ), an island off the northwest coast of Wales Anglesea, New Jersey , an unincorporated community in the US Anglesea Borough, New Jersey , former borough, currently part of North Wildwood, New Jersey, US Anglesea, Victoria , an Australian town People [ edit ] Pete Anglesea (born 1971), English rugby union player Ships [ edit ] HMS Anglesea , multiple ships of
136-619: A 30 per cent partner. In 1974, Anglesey became a district of the new county of Gwynedd . Until 1974, Anglesey was divided into civil parishes for the purpose of local government; these in large part equated to ecclesiastical parishes (see the table below), most of which still exist as part of the Church in Wales. (chapelries are listed in italics) a chapelry to Llantrisant in Lyfon hundred The Local Government (Wales) Act 1994 abolished
204-547: A few natural lakes, mostly in the west, such as Llyn Llywenan , the largest on the island, Llyn Coron, and Cors Cerrig y Daran, but rivers are few and small. There are two large water supply reservoirs operated by Welsh Water . These are Llyn Alaw to the north of the island and Llyn Cefni in the centre of the island, which is fed by the headwaters of the Afon Cefni . The climate is humid (though less so than neighbouring mountainous Gwynedd ) and generally equable thanks to
272-467: A majority of independent councillors. Though members did not generally divide along party lines, these were organised into five non-partisan groups on the council, containing a mix of party and independent candidates. The position has been similar since the election, although the Labour Party has formed a governing coalition with the independents. Brand new council offices were built at Llangefni in
340-668: A millennium until the Roman invasion of Wales . A well-preserved hut settlement on Anglesey was adjacent to the Holyhead Mountain hillfort. The Holyhead Mountain Hut Circles ( Welsh : Tŷ Mawr / Cytiau'r Gwyddelod , Big house / "Irishmen's Huts") on Holy Island were inhabited before the Iron Ages, as of c. 1,000 BC . A stone wall built in the enclosure was found with limpet shells dating to 200 BC. Also at
408-431: A wall at Tŷ Mawr and Roman-era pottery from the 3rd to 4th centuries AD. Some of these huts were still being used for agricultural purposes as late as the 6th century. The first excavation of Ty Mawr was conducted by William Owen Stanley of Penrhos, Anglesey (son of Baron Stanley of Alderley ). Historically, Anglesey has long been associated with the druids . The Roman conquest of Anglesey began in 60 CE when
476-416: Is a local attraction offering looks at local marine wildlife from common lobsters to congers . All fish and crustaceans on display are caught round the island and placed in habitat reconstructions. The zoo also breeds lobsters commercially for food and oysters for pearls, both from local stocks. Sea salt ( Halen Môn , from local sea water) is produced in a facility nearby, having formerly been made at
544-599: Is a nesting site for skylarks . The sheer cliff faces at South Stack near Holyhead provide nesting sites for large numbers of auks , including puffins , razorbills and guillemots , along with choughs and peregrine falcons . Anglesey holds several tern species, including the roseate tern on three breeding sites – see Anglesey tern colonies . There are marked occurrences of the Juncus subnodulosus – Cirsium palustre fen-meadow plant association marked by hydrophilic grasses, sedges and forbs. Anglesey supports two of
612-521: Is also a major ferry port for Dublin , Ireland. The county has the second-highest percentage of Welsh speakers in Wales, at 57.2%, and is considered a heartland of the language . The island of Anglesey, at 261 square miles (676 km ), is the largest in Wales and the Irish Sea , the seventh largest in Britain , and the sixth most populous island in Britain. The northern and eastern coasts of
680-520: Is an island off the north-west coast of Wales . It forms the bulk of the county known as the Isle of Anglesey , which also includes Holy Island ( Ynys Gybi ) and some islets and skerries . The county borders Gwynedd across the Menai Strait to the southeast, and is otherwise surrounded by the Irish Sea . Holyhead is the largest town, and the administrative centre is Llangefni . The county
748-543: Is home to the Ynys Môn football team and hosted the finals of the 2019 Inter Games Football Tournament . There is also a rugby union side and a golf course . Holyhead Park contains lawn bowling greens, three public tennis courts and a skate park . Like the rest of Anglesey, owing to its exposed location in the Irish Sea, surfing is popular. Many people staying on Holy Island do so short term whilst waiting for
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#1732788030478816-403: Is one of the first villages in Wales, it was built at Llanfaethlu . Also an example permanent settlement on Anglesey is of a Bronze Age built burial mound , Bryn Celli Ddu (English: Dark Grove Hill ). The mound started as a henge enclosure around 3000 BC and was adapted several times over a millennium. There are numerous megalithic monuments and menhirs in the county, testifying to
884-417: Is part of the preserved county of Gwynedd. Anglesey is the northernmost county in Wales. The Isle of Anglesey has an area of 275 square miles (712 km ) and a population of 69,049 in 2022. After Holyhead (12,103), the largest settlements are Llangefni (5,500) and Amlwch (3,967). The economy of the county is mostly based on agriculture, energy, and tourism, the latter especially on the coast. Holyhead
952-550: Is restricted to Holyhead (Caergybi), which until 30 September 2009 supported an aluminium smelter , and the Amlwch area, once a copper mining town. Nearby stood Wylfa Nuclear Power Station and a former bromine extraction plant. With construction starting in 1963, the two Wylfa reactors began producing power in 1971. One reactor was decommissioned in 2012, the other in 2015. Anglesey has three wind farms on land. There were plans to install tidal-flow turbines near The Skerries off
1020-490: Is the highest peak in the county at 722 feet (220 m). North Stack and South Stack are two islands just off the coast by Holyhead Mountain. South Stack is joined to Holy Island by steep steps and a suspension bridge which provides access to the South Stack Lighthouse . Whilst most of the coastline is rocky, there are sandy beaches at Trearddur Bay and Penrhos Country Park . Due to its rocky nature
1088-708: The British Isles . Also near the Neolithic site on the middle of Holy island is the Bronze Age Ty Mawr standing stone (Menhir), which is a Monolith measuring 2.67m high (8 feet). Permanent settlement on Anglesey was established in different forms for thousands of years from after the Bronze Age. Many of these sites were used from Neolithic times. This was proven by pottery discoveries. There are ancient hillforts that were in use for nearly
1156-662: The Gulf Stream . The land is of variable quality and has probably lost some fertility. Anglesey has the northernmost olive grove in Europe and presumably in the world. The coast of the Isle of Anglesey is more populous than the interior. The largest community is Holyhead , which is located on Holy Island and had a population of 12,103 at the 2021 United Kingdom census . It is followed by Amlwch (3,697), Llanfair-Mathafarn-Eithaf (3,085), and Menai Bridge (3,046), all located on
1224-530: The Jómsvíkinga — and by Saxons , and Normans , before falling to Edward I of England in the 13th century. The connection with the Vikings can be seen in the name of the island. In ancient times it was called "Maenige" and received the name "Ongulsey" or Angelsoen, from where the current name originates. Anglesey (with Holy Island) is one of the 13 historic counties of Wales . In medieval times, before
1292-636: The North Wales Coast Line which terminates at the island's only railway station, in Holyhead . The Port of Holyhead has passenger and freight ferries which travel to Dublin Port , Ireland . Buses from the island run to Amlwch , Llangefni and Bangor , amongst other places. Around 30 miles (50 kilometres) of the 125-mile (200 km) Anglesey Coastal Path is on Holy Island. National Cycle Route 5 and National Cycle Route 8 traverse
1360-694: The RSPB reserve close by, the Breakwater Country Park, the RNLI museum and walks up Holyhead Mountain . There are six primary schools and one secondary school , Ysgol Uwchradd Caergybi , which lays claim to being the first Comprehensive school in England and Wales . Tertiary education can be found at Bangor University , some 20 miles (30 kilometres) away on the Welsh mainland. Along with
1428-486: The Roman departure from Britain in the early 5th century, pirates from Ireland colonised Anglesey and the nearby Llŷn Peninsula . In response to this, Cunedda ap Edern , a Gododdin warlord from Scotland, came to the area and began to drive the Irish out. This was continued by his son Einion Yrth ap Cunedda and grandson Cadwallon Lawhir ap Einion ; the last Irish invaders were finally defeated in battle in 470. During
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#17327880304781496-600: The 17th and 20th centuries, with connections ranging from close geographical proximity and shared transport networks to marriage and family ties. One example, the article notes, is that in 1663 the Duke of Ormonde wrote from Dublin Castle to Lord Bulkley of Baron Hill, Anglesey, who had been created Viscount Bulkeley of Cashel in 1644, about bringing partridges from Anglesey to Ireland for a hunt. The Shire Hall in Llangefni
1564-527: The 1974 county and the five districts on 1 April 1996, and Anglesey became a separate unitary authority . In 2011, the Welsh Government appointed a panel of commissioners to administer the council, which meant the elected members were not in control. The commissioners remained until an election was held in May 2013, restoring an elected Council. Before the period of direct administration, there had been
1632-426: The 1990s for the new Isle of Anglesey County Council . Anglesey is a low-lying island with low hills spaced evenly over the north. The highest six are Holyhead Mountain , 220 metres (720 ft); Mynydd Bodafon , 178 metres (584 ft); Mynydd Eilian , 177 metres (581 ft); Mynydd y Garn , 170 metres (560 ft); Bwrdd Arthur , 164 metres (538 ft); and Mynydd Llwydiarth, 158 metres (518 ft). To
1700-587: The 9th century, King Rhodri Mawr unified Wales and separated the country into at least 3 provinces between his sons. He gave Gwynedd to his son, Anarawd ap Rhodri , who founded the medieval Welsh dynasty , The House of Aberffraw on Anglesey. The island had a good defensive position, and so Aberffraw became the site of the royal court ( Welsh : Llys ) of the Kingdom of Gwynedd . Apart from devastating Danish raids in 853 and 968 in Aberffraw, it remained
1768-553: The Australian state of Victoria Anglesea River , in the Australian state of Victoria Anglesea Road , in Dublin, Ireland See also [ edit ] All pages with titles containing Anglesea Anglesey (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Anglesea . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
1836-742: The Brave) for its royal courts; Gerald of Wales ' Môn Mam Cymru ("Môn, Mother of Wales") for its agricultural productivity; and Y fêl Ynys (Honey Isle). The history of the settlement of the local people of Anglesey starts in the Mesolithic period. Anglesey and the UK were uninhabitable until after the previous ice age . It was not until 12,000 years ago that the island of Great Britain became hospitable. The oldest excavated sites on Anglesey include Trwyn Du ( Welsh : Black nose ) at Aberffraw. The Mesolithic site located at Aberffraw Bay (Porth Terfyn)
1904-434: The Irish but ultimately Cadwallon Lawhir defeated the Irish on Holy Island. There are a variety of natural habitats on the island including mudflats , dunes, marshes and beaches . Practically nothing is left of the oak forest that covered almost all of the island before the arrival of Neolithic farmers. The western side of the island is taken up mainly by Holyhead Mountain , an area of maritime heather moor, which
1972-577: The Iron Age, and also some of these sites were later adapted by Celts into hillforts and finally were in use during the Roman period (c. 100 AD) as roundhouses. Castell Bryn Gwyn (English: White hill castle , also called Bryn Beddau, or the "hill of graves" ) near Llanidan , Anglesey is an example of a Neolithic site that became a hillfort that was used until the Roman period by the Ordovices ,
2040-617: The RAF Fast Jet Training School and 22 Sqn Search and Rescue Helicopters, both units providing employment to about 500 civilians. RAF Valley is now the 22 Sqn Search and Rescue headquarters. The range of smaller industries is mostly in industrial and business parks such as Llangefni and Gaerwen . The island is on one of the main road routes from Britain to Ireland, via ferries from Holyhead on Holy Island to Dún Laoghaire and Dublin Port. The Anglesey Sea Zoo
2108-602: The Roman Empire by Gnaeus Julius Agricola , the Roman governor of Britain, in AD 78. During the Roman occupation, the area was notable for the mining of copper . The foundations of Caer Gybi , a fort in Holyhead , are Roman, and the present road from Holyhead to Llanfairpwllgwyngyll was originally a Roman road . The island was grouped by Ptolemy with Ireland (" Hibernia ") rather than with Britain (" Albion "). After
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2176-420: The Roman general Gaius Suetonius Paulinus , determined to break the power of the druids, attacked the island using his amphibious Batavian contingent as a surprise vanguard assault and then destroyed the shrine and the nemeta ( sacred groves ). News of Boudica 's revolt reached him just after his victory, causing him to withdraw his army before consolidating his conquest. The island was finally brought into
2244-588: The Royal Navy Marquis of Anglesea (1815 ship) , wrecked in 1829 Sports [ edit ] Anglesea Football Club , an Australian rules football club in the Australian state of Victoria Anglesea Road Cricket Ground , in Dublin, Ireland Other [ edit ] Anglesea (EP) , a 2011 EP by King Gizzard & the Lizard Wizard Anglesea Barracks , in central Hobart, Tasmania Anglesea Heath , in
2312-517: The Sea Zoo site. Plans were offered in 2013 by Horizon , a subsidiary of Hitachi , to start production in the 2020s. Though enthusiastically endorsed by Anglesey Council and Welsh Assembly members, protesters raised doubts about its economic and safety claims, and in January 2019 Hitachi announced it was putting development on hold. On 17 January 2019, Hitachi-Horizon Nuclear Power announced it
2380-498: The UK's remnant colonies of red squirrels , at Pentraeth and Newborough . Holy Island, Anglesey Holy Island ( Welsh : Ynys Gybi , 'the island of (Saint) Cybi ') is an island on the western side of the larger Isle of Anglesey , Wales , from which it is separated by the Cymyran Strait . It is called "Holy" because of the high concentration of standing stones , burial chambers and other religious sites on
2448-403: The bays around Carmel Head. The north coast has sharp cliffs with small bays. Anglesey Coastal Path outlining the island is 124 miles (200 km) long and touches 20 towns and villages. The starting point is St Cybi's Church, Holyhead . Tourism is now the major economic activity. Agriculture comes second, with local dairies being some of the most productive in the region. Major industry
2516-560: The capital until the 13th, after Rhodri Mawr had moved his family seat from Caernarfon and built a royal palace at Aberffraw in 873. This is when improvements to the English navy made the location indefensible. Anglesey was also briefly the most southerly possession of the Norwegian Empire . After the Irish, the island was invaded by Vikings — some raids were noted in famous sagas (see Menai Strait History ) such as
2584-633: The castle from the Crown in 1807 and it has been open to the public under the guardianship of the Crown ever since 1925. Due to its geographic proximity, Anglesey (and particularly Holyhead ) enjoyed close cultural ties with Ireland throughout the later parts of this period. A 2023 study in The Welsh History Review by historian Adam N. Coward highlights the interconnectedness of landed gentry families in Ireland and Anglesey between
2652-521: The coast of the island of Anglesey. The largest community in the interior of Anglesey is Llangefni (5,500), the county town; the next-largest is Llanfihangel Ysgeifiog (1,711). Beaumaris (Welsh: Biwmares ) in the east features Beaumaris Castle , built by Edward I during his Bastide campaign in North Wales . Beaumaris is a yachting centre, with boats moored in the bay or off Gallows Point. The village of Newborough (Welsh: Niwbwrch ), in
2720-639: The conquest of Wales in 1283, Môn often had periods of temporary independence, when frequently bequeathed to the heirs of kings as a sub-kingdom of Gwynedd , an example of this was Llywelyn ap Iorwerth (Llywelyn I, the Great c. 1200s) who was styled the Prince of Aberffraw . After the Norman invasion of Wales was one of the last times this occurred a few years after 1171, after the death of Owain Gwynedd , when
2788-545: The county's coastline have been designated an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty . The county has many prehistoric monuments, such as Bryn Celli Ddu burial chamber. In the Middle Ages the area was part of the Kingdom of Gwynedd and its cadet branch the House of Aberffraw who maintained courts ( Welsh : llysoedd ) at Aberffraw and Rhosyr . After Edward I 's late 13th century conquest of Gwynedd, Beaumaris Castle
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2856-453: The ferries to Dublin Port . As such the largest hotels ( Travelodge and Premier Inn ) are located close to the A5/A55 roads. Centred in Holyhead but dotted around the island (especially Trearddur Bay and Rhoscolyn ) are quite a number of smaller bed and breakfast hotels and caravan parks for people who may wish to stay longer. Attractions in the area include South Stack Lighthouse and
2924-480: The first bridge to the mainland was being built. Hitherto Porthaethwy had been one of the main ferry ports for the mainland. A short distance from the town lies Bryn Celli Ddu , a Stone Age burial mound. Nearby is the village with the longest name in Europe, Llanfairpwllgwyngyllgogerychwyrndrobwllllantysiliogogogoch , and Plas Newydd , ancestral home of the Marquesses of Anglesey . The town of Amlwch lies in
2992-520: The former house of Aberffraw, Prince Madog ap Llywelyn had attacked King Edward I's castles in North Wales . As a direct response, Beaumaris Castle was constructed to control Edward's interests in Anglesey, but by the 1320s the build was abandoned and never complete. The castle was besieged by Owain Glyndŵr in the early 15th century. It was ruinous by 1609; however, the 6th Viscount Bulkeley purchased
3060-467: The huts was Roman-era ancient pottery proving the hut group habitation from the 3rd to 4th centuries AD. The Ty Mawr Hut Circles archaeological excavations were carried out by William Owen Stanley (son of Baron Stanley of Alderley ) of Penrhos , Holy Island in 1862. Irish settlers invaded Anglesey following the end of Roman rule in Britannia . Cunedda first began warfare against
3128-524: The island are rugged, and the southern and western coasts are generally gentler; the interior is gently undulating. In the north of the island is Llyn Alaw , a reservoir with an area of 1.4 square miles (4 km ). Holy Island has a similar landscape, with a rugged north and west coast and beaches to the east and south. The county is surrounded by smaller islands; several, including South Stack and Puffin Island , are home to seabird colonies. Large parts of
3196-557: The island has seen many shipwrecks through the years. The coastal zone between the island and the mainland of Anglesey is a large site of special scientific interest: Beddmanarch–Cymyran . Holy Island is connected to Anglesey by two road links. The first, the Stanley Embankment , is made up of causeways carrying the A5 and A55 . The second is the much older original link, Four Mile Bridge . The Stanley Embankment also carries
3264-507: The island was inherited by Rhodri ab Owain Gwynedd , and between 1246 and about 1255 when it was granted to Owain Goch as his share of the kingdom. After the conquest of Wales by Edward I , Anglesey became a county under the terms of the Statute of Rhuddlan of 1284. Hitherto it had been divided into the cantrefi of Aberffraw , Rhosyr and Cemaes . During 1294 as a rebellion of
3332-596: The island's men had died on active service. In 1936 the NSPCC opened its first branch on Anglesey. During the Second World War , Anglesey received Italian POWs . The island was designated a reception zone, and was home to evacuee children from Liverpool and Manchester . In 1971, a 100,000 ton per annum aluminum smelter was opened by Rio Tinto Zinc Corporation and British Insulated Callender's Cables with Kaiser Aluminum and Chemical Corporation as
3400-450: The island. The nearest airport is Anglesey Airport a few miles away on the Anglesey mainland and provides daily flights to Cardiff . The nearest major airport is Liverpool John Lennon Airport , 100 mi (160 km) away. There are three association football teams in the Welsh football league system on the island: Holyhead Hotspur , Caergybi and Trearddur Bay. The New Oval ground
3468-552: The lakes all have significant ecological interest, including a wide range of aquatic and semi-aquatic bird species. In the west, the Malltraeth Marshes are believed to support an occasional visiting bittern , and the nearby estuary of the Afon Cefni has a bird population made famous internationally by the paintings of Charles Tunnicliffe , who lived and died at Malltraeth on the Cefni estuary. The RAF airstrip at Mona
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#17327880304783536-543: The link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anglesea&oldid=1121146684 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Place name disambiguation pages Disambiguation pages with surname-holder lists Hidden categories: Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Anglesey Anglesey ( / ˈ æ ŋ ɡ əl s iː / ; Welsh : Ynys Môn [ˈənɨs ˈmoːn] )
3604-648: The local tribe who were defeated in battle by a Roman legion (c. 78 AD). Bronze Age monuments were also built throughout the British Isles. During this period, the Mynydd Bach cairn in South-west Anglesey was being used. It is a Beaker period prehistoric funerary monument. During the Iron Age the Celts built dwellings huts , also known as roundhouses . These were established near
3672-543: The north coast, and for a major biomass plant on Holy Island (Ynys Gybi). Developing such low-carbon-energy assets to their full potential forms part of the Anglesey Energy Island project. When the aluminium smelter closed in September 2009, it cut its workforce from 450 to 80, in a major blow to the island's economy, especially to Holyhead. The Royal Air Force station RAF Valley (Y Fali) holds
3740-491: The north-east of the island and was once largely industrialised, having grown in the 18th century to support a major copper -mining industry at Parys Mountain . Other settlements include Cemaes , Pentraeth , Gaerwen , Dwyran , Bodedern , Malltraeth and Rhosneigr . The coastline is classed as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty , with many sandy beaches, notably along its east coast between Beaumaris and Amlwch and west coast from Ynys Llanddwyn through Rhosneigr to
3808-569: The place name was used by Viking raiders as early as the 10th century and later adopted by the Normans during their invasions of Gwynedd . The traditional folk etymology reading the name as the "Island of the Angles (English)" may account for its Norman use but has no merit; the Angles' name itself is probably cognate with the shape of the Angeln peninsula. All of them ultimately derive from
3876-457: The presence of humans in prehistory . Plas Newydd is near one of 28 cromlechs that remain on uplands overlooking the sea. The Welsh Triads claim that the island of Anglesey was once part of the mainland. After the Neolithic age, the Bronze Age began ( c. 2200 BC – 800 BC). Some sites were continually used for thousands of years from original henge enclosures, then during
3944-557: The previous settlements. Some huts with walled enclosures were discovered on the banks of the river ( Welsh : afon ) Gwna near. An example of a well-preserved hut circle is over the Cymyran Strait on Holy Island . The Holyhead Mountain Hut Circles ( Welsh : Tŷ Mawr / Cytiau'r Gwyddelod , Big house / "Irishmen's Huts") were inhabited by ancient Celts and were first occupied before the Iron Age, c. 1000 BC . The Anglesey Iron Age began after 500 BC. Archeological research discovered limpet shells which were found from 200 BC on
4012-533: The proposed Proto-Indo-European root *ank- ("to flex, bend, angle"). Throughout the 18th and 19th centuries and into the 20th, it was usually spelt Anglesea in documents, a spelling that is still occasionally used today. Ynys Môn , the island and county's Welsh name, first appeared in the Latin Mona of various Roman sources. It was likewise known to the Saxons as Monez . The Brittonic original
4080-435: The rest of Anglesey, Holy Island is part of the Ynys Môn UK Parliament constituency and the Ynys Môn Senedd constituency . At a local level it is run by Isle of Anglesey County Council . Holy Island returns six of the 30 councillors to the county council, three for Caergybi (Holyhead town centre and surrounds) and three for Ynys Gybi (the southern extremes of Holyhead town and the more rural south). Holyhead Town Council
4148-414: The small island. The alternative English name of the island is Holyhead Island . According to the 2011 UK Census , the population was 13,659, of whom 11,431 (84%) lived in the largest town, Holyhead . The settlement of Holy Island, Anglesey is dated to c. 4,000 BC with the discovery of an original Neolithic long house . The long house is similar to those found in Scotland and elsewhere in
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#17327880304784216-415: The south and south-east, the island is divided from the Welsh mainland by the Menai Strait , which at its narrowest point is about 250 metres (270 yd) wide. In all other directions the island is surrounded by the Irish Sea . At 676 km (261 sq mi), it is the 52nd largest island of Europe and just five km (1.9 sq mi) smaller than the main island of Singapore . There are
4284-428: The south, created when townsfolk of Llanfaes were relocated for the building of Beaumaris Castle, includes the site of Llys Rhosyr , another court of medieval Welsh princes featuring one of the United Kingdom's oldest courtrooms. The centrally localted Llangefni is the island's administrative centre. The town of Menai Bridge (Welsh: Porthaethwy ) in the south-east, expanded to accommodate workers and construction when
4352-400: Was abandoning plans to build a nuclear plant on the Wylfa Newydd site in Anglesey. There had been concern that the start might have involved too much public expenditure, but Hitachi-Horizon say the decision to scrap has cost the company over £2 billion. Much of Anglesey is used for relatively intensive cattle and sheep farming, but several important wetland sites have protected status and
4420-429: Was buried underneath a Bronze Age 'kerb cairn' which was constructed c. 2,000 BC . The bowl barrow (kerb cairn) covered a material deposited from the early Mesolithic period; the archeological find dates to 7,000 BC. After millennia of hunter-gather civilisation in the British Isles , the first villages were constructed from 4000 BC. Neolithic settlements were built in the form of long houses , on Anglesey
4488-404: Was completed in 1899. During the First World War , the Presbyterian minister and celebrity preacher John Williams toured the island as part of an effort to recruit young men as volunteers. The island's location made it ideal for monitoring German U-Boats in the Irish Sea , with half a dozen airships based at Mona . German POWs were kept on the island. By the end of the war, some 1,000 of
4556-452: Was constructed and today is a part of Gwynedd's world heritage sites . The Menai Strait to the mainland is spanned by the Menai Suspension Bridge , designed by Thomas Telford in 1826, and the Britannia Bridge , originally designed by Robert Stephenson in 1850. The English name for Anglesey may be derived from the Old Norse ; either Ǫngullsey "Hook Island" or Ǫnglisey "Ǫngli's Island". No record of such an Ǫngli survives, but
4624-478: Was in the past taken to have meant "Island of the Cow". The name is probably cognate with the Gaelic name of the Isle of Man , Mannin , ( Manaw in Welsh), usually derived from a Celtic word for 'mountain' (reflected in Welsh mynydd , Breton menez and Scottish Gaelic monadh ), from a Proto-Celtic *moniyos . Poetic names for the island of Anglesey include the Old Welsh Ynys Dywyll (Shady or Dark Isle) for its former groves and Ynys y Cedairn (Isle of
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