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25-607: IPAs are areas of land and sea Country managed by First Nations groups for biodiversity conservation and cultural outcomes through voluntary agreements with the Australian Government. These areas for part of Australia's National Reserve System . The Anindilyakwa Land Council (ALC) have managed the Anindilyakwa IPA since 10 June 2006 through its Anindilyakwa Land and Sea Rangers . In 2016, traditional owners extended it to include an additional 7,000 km of

50-403: A National Reserve System aimed at protecting, for future generations , a representative sample of Australia's diverse range of flora, fauna and eco-systems. As part of this effort, Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander owners of lands and seas were asked, and many who were interested in re-establishing effective indigenous land management agreed to participate in this endeavour. At

75-486: A baseline for future management. Australia%27s National Reserve System Australia's National Reserve System ( NRS ) is a network of more than 10,000 Commonwealth plus state and territory protected areas which, in combination, on a national scale, protect more than 137 million hectares (340 × 10 ^ acres), greater than 17% of the continent , of unique biodiversity and most significant ecological landscapes for future generations. The aim of

100-784: A national conference of Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islanders held in 1997, it was agreed and resolved by the delegates present that a new class of "Indigenous" protected area should be formed as follows: An Indigenous Protected Area is [to be] governed by the continuing responsibilities of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander peoples to care for and protect lands and waters for present and future generations... Indigenous Protected Areas may include areas of land and waters over which Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islanders are custodians , and which shall be managed for cultural biodiversity and conservation, permitting customary sustainable resource use and sharing of benefit. The first trialling of this new environmental partnership aimed at adding

125-507: A variety of habitats that includes deserts and savannas , giving plant and animal species the space they need to manoeuvre around threats like bushfires and climate change . Two new areas were declared in Western Australia in 2020, bringing the total number to 78. In September 2021, a further seven IPAs were declared, which will lead to IPAs comprising more than half of Australia's National Reserve System. In May 2022,

150-441: Is available online from several sources. New South Wales IPAs include: Northern Territory IPAs include: Queensland IPAs include: South Australian IPAs include: Tasmanian IPAs include: Victorian IPAs include: Western Australian IPAs include: New areas declared September 2021: As of 2022 , there are 20 new proposed IPAs under consultation at the following locations: The World Future Council (WFC) awarded

175-503: Is committed to the development of a national comprehensive system of parks and reserves. This will be achieved in cooperation with States and Territories. Within the first 4 years (1992–1996) $ 11.2 million was spent establishing the system and, with the cooperation and agreement of the Australian States and territories 5,600 properties (covering almost 60 million hectares (150 × 10 ^ acres)) were included within

200-533: Is formally recognised by the Australian Government as being part of its National Reserve System . The areas may comprise land and sea, and are managed by Indigenous groups for the conservation of biodiversity . Managing IPAs also helps to protect the cultural values of their country for future generations, and has benefits for Indigenous health, education, economic and social cohesion. As of 2020, there were 78 IPAs, covering around 46.53% of

225-548: Is the only-known population of the northern hopping mouse . It is also key habitat for the northern quoll and the brush-tailed rabbit rat , as well as important breeding areas for four threatened marine turtle species. In 2019, the ALC undertook the largest research project of its kind in partnership with the Australian Institute of Marine Science mapping 3200 km Groote Eylandt's deeper coastal habitats forming

250-762: The Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area was declared. At the opening ceremony in 1998, Nantawarrina was declared "the first Indigenous Protected Area in South Australia, Australia and internationally" by Gurtrude Johnson, an Adnyamathanha traditional owner . By 2007 the kind of partnership agreed and started with the Nantawarrina Indigenous Protected Area had grown to include 23 declared Indigenous Protected Areas covering close to 170,000 km (66,000 sq mi), or 23 per cent of

275-568: The National Reserve System . By agreeing to establish Indigenous Protected Areas, Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander peoples contributed two-thirds of all new additions to Australia's National Reserve System over the decade 1997–2007. In July 2012, The Nature Conservancy , alongside the Central Land Council and government representatives from Australia’s National Reserve System , helped announce

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300-580: The Australian Government to establish an Indigenous Protected Area on their lands/seas. However, an Indigenous Protected Area can only come into existence where: Most IPAs are dedicated under IUCN Categories 5 and 6, which promote a balance between conservation and other sustainable uses to deliver social, cultural and economic benefits for local Indigenous communities. Indigenous rangers are employed to work in IPAs as well as in other remote areas of Australia, on land management and related projects. IPA data

325-829: The NRS is protect the diversity of all native landscapes , flora and fauna across Australia through strategic habitat protection. It consists of public, indigenous and privately protected areas of land and inland freshwaters. As part of the National Reserve System Cooperative Program, the Interim Biogeographic Regionalisation for Australia framework was developed as a planning tool to assist in identifying areas of priority. Privately protected areas consist of privately owned areas where owners have entered into "in perpetuity" covenants which are governed by

350-536: The NRS will be an important conservation tool to combat the effects of climate change in Australia on the environment. Indigenous Protected Area An Indigenous Protected Area ( IPA ) is a class of protected area used in Australia ; each is formed by voluntary agreement with Indigenous Australians , and declared by Aboriginal Australians and Torres Strait Islander representative organisations. Each

375-620: The National Reserve System, two thirds of which were Indigenous Protected Areas. During this time, starting in 1999, Tasmania took a lead investing in partnerships to create protected areas on other private lands; and by 2005 all the states and territories re-affirmed their joint commitment to what was to be described as a national 'flagship in biodiversity conservation'. The National Reserve System continues to be an Australian Government priority, with continuing funding "target[ing] areas with low levels of protection, including

400-504: The National Reserve system. In September 2021, a further seven IPAs were declared, which will lead to IPAs comprising more than half of Australia's National Reserve System. Indigenous rangers are employed to work in IPAs as well as in other remote areas of Australia, on land management and related projects. During the 1990s the Australian Government was working in cooperation with State and Territory Governments to build

425-564: The first proposed Indigenous Protected area was held by the South Australian Aboriginal Lands Trust (on a 99-year lease, for the Adnyamathanha people ), and, by 26 August 1998, an agreement had been reached to see the people of Nepabunna Aboriginal community engaged and some employed in restoring the landscape to its former natural and cultural value, and Australia's first Indigenous Protected Area,

450-426: The incoming Labor government under Anthony Albanese committed to boosting the funding for managing the IPAs to the tune of A$ 10 million annually; also to doubling the number of Indigenous rangers to 38,000 by 2030, and also to improving gender diversity in employment. Aboriginal Australian and Torres Strait Islander land and sea owners (including native title holders ) may be encouraged, or themselves apply to

475-709: The launch of the Southern Tanami Indigenous Protected Area . This Indigenous Protected Area is Australia’s largest land reserve, spanning 10,150,000 hectares (25,100,000 acres). It protects important pieces of the Northern Territory ’s natural legacy. Included in the Southern Tanami reserve are much of Lake Mackay —Australia’s second-largest lake—and an enormous swathe of the Tanami Desert. This IPA links

500-434: The nation's commitment to fulfilling the objectives of that convention. In particular, after signing and ratifying the convention in 1992 the then Prime Minister, Paul Keating , announced The establishment of a comprehensive system of protected areas is vital if we are to retain our status as a region of megadiversity. Besides being ecologically viable these areas must represent the full range of ecosystems. The Government

525-538: The new class of Protected Areas to Australia's National Reserve System, was with the Adnyamathanha people of Nepabunna Aboriginal community, volunteering 580 square kilometres (220 sq mi) of rugged limestone hills, siltstone flats, springs and waterholes between the Flinders Ranges and Gammon Ranges National Parks to be managed as an Indigenous Protected Area. The land selected for

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550-633: The sub-tropical savanna from Cape York to the Kimberley , the Mitchell grass country of north-west Queensland and arid central Australia ; continuing investment in indigenous protected areas; plus a new National Reserve System strategy identifying priorities and actions to be taken over the next 20 years. The NRS has been praised by the WWF Australia as a successful, cost-effective conservation measure. CSIRO modelling has concluded that

575-475: The surrounding "Makarda" (sea country) managing in accordance with the Anindilyakwa IPA Plan of Management 2016. The area is pristine, with no Western agriculture and few feral species. It holds traditional songlines , sites and resources for Anindilyakwa people . It also home to over 900 plant, 150 marine, and at least 330 terrestrial vertebrate species many of which are threatened. Within it,

600-467: The system and a new Indigenous Protected Area (IPA) program was initiated to include some of the most valuable and rare ecological landscapes on Indigenous Australian owned lands. 17 Indigenous Protected Area were declared by 2003 which significantly added to the NRS. Within the next 10 years (1996–2007), with further substantial investment (through a National Heritage Trust ) an additional 30 million hectares (74 × 10 ^ acres) were added to

625-452: The various legislative Act of the states, territories and commonwealth of Australia. Consequent to these laws, states, territories and commonwealth maintain registers of the lands and their covenants. See for example the NSW register. The move by the Australian Government to establish this National Reserve System was triggered by the international Convention on Biological Diversity , as part of

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