63-547: The Aam Aadmi Party ( transl. Common Man 's Party ; abbr. AAP ) is a political party in India . It was founded on 26 November 2012 by Arvind Kejriwal and his then-companions, following the 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement against then Indian government of Indian National Congress . The AAP is currently the governing party in the Indian state of Punjab and the union territory of Delhi . On 10 April 2023,
126-589: A Jan Lokpal Bill since 2011. Hazare preferred the movement should remain politically unaligned, whereas Kejriwal felt the failure of the agitation route necessitated changes in the government's representation itself. On 3 December 2015, the Jan Lokpal Bill was passed by the AAP government with a majority in the Delhi legislative assembly. Making its electoral debut in the 2013 Delhi Legislative Assembly election ,
189-492: A civil-servant turned activist Arvind Kejriwal . Hazare had wanted to keep the movement politically neutral but Kejriwal considered that direct involvement in politics was necessary because attempts to obtain progress regarding the Jan Lokpal Bill through talks with existing political parties had, in his opinion, achieved nothing. A survey conducted on a Facebook page that purported to be operated by India Against Corruption and other social networking services had indicated that there
252-554: A convention in Chicago and extended support to the AAP. The convention was attended by two AAP leaders, Kumar Vishwas and Yogendra Yadav , and Kejriwal addressed it via video conferencing. Aruna Roy and Medha Patkar , who had differences with Kejriwal on certain issues, supported him after his 15-day fast against inflated electricity bills. On 22 March 2014, the Janata Dal (Secular) party of Delhi announced it would merge with
315-419: A designated neutral party, one who is high-ranking in an organization, but who is not part of executive management. Using an alternative dispute resolution (ADR) or appropriate dispute resolution approach, an organisational ombudsman can provide options to whistleblowers or employees and managers with ethical concerns; provide coaching, shuttle diplomacy, generic solutions (meaning a solution which protects
378-401: A government employee who investigates and tries to resolve complaints, usually through recommendations (binding or not) or mediation . They are usually appointed by the government or by parliament (often with a significant degree of independence). Ombudsmen also aim to identify systemic issues leading to poor service or breaches of people's rights. At the national level, most ombudsmen have
441-561: A landslide victory in Punjab , defeating the incumbent Congress government of Charanjit Singh Channi , and state party convener Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as the new CM. The party also gained two seats in Goa and five seats in Gujarat . Aam Aadmi Aam Aadmi ( Hindi : आम आदमी , Urdu : عام آدمی ) — literal translation: " ordinary man " ( ām meaning ordinary + ādmī meaning man) —
504-412: A national ombudsman and may also be appointed by a legislature. Below the national level, an ombudsman may be appointed by a state, local, or municipal government. Unofficial ombudsmen may be appointed by, or even work for, a corporation such as a utility supplier, newspaper, NGO , or professional regulatory body. In some jurisdictions, an ombudsman charged with handling concerns about national government
567-507: A single day and more than 300,000 people up to 28 March 2013. Anna Hazare urged Kejriwal to end the fast on 29 March and he did so on 6 April. On 10 June 2013, Kejriwal supported agitation by Delhi auto rickshaw drivers, who were protesting the Delhi government's ban on advertisements on auto rickshaws. Kejriwal claimed the government's ban was because the drivers supported his party and carried AAP's advertisements on their vehicles. He said that
630-404: A well known social activist Anna Hazare in response to exposure of unprecedented financial scams and corruption by erstwhile UPA government. The aim was to press the government to enact a strong and effective Lokpal (Federal Ombudsman ) through a Jan Lokpal Bill . Hazare was supported by a clutch of activists and professionals which became popularly known as Team Anna . Team Anna also included
693-437: A wide mandate to deal with the entire public sector, and sometimes also elements of the private sector (for example, contracted service providers). In some cases, there is a more restricted mandate to a certain sector of society. More recent developments have included the creation of specialized children's ombudsmen . In some countries, an inspector general , citizen advocate or other official may have duties similar to those of
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#1732793778256756-532: Is ombudsmen . In Nigeria, the ombudsman is known as the Public Complaints Commission or the ombudsman . In general, an ombudsman is a state official appointed to provide a check on government activity in the interests of the citizen and to oversee the investigation of complaints of improper government activity against the citizen. If the ombudsman finds a complaint to be substantiated, the problem may get rectified, or an ombudsman report
819-593: Is a Hindustani colloquial expression and the equivalent of "the Average Joe ." The Indian National Congress based its 2004 election campaign on the aam aadmi theme. The party's slogan for the election was Congress ka Haath, Aam Aadmi ke Saath ("the hand of the Congress is with the common man"). In 2007, the Congress launched its Aam Aadmi Ka Sipahi ("the Common Man's Soldier") campaign to popularize
882-659: Is more formally referred to as the "parliamentary commissioner" (e.g. the United Kingdom Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration , and the Western Australian state Ombudsman ). In many countries where the ombudsman's responsibility includes protecting human rights, the ombudsman is recognized as the national human rights institution . The post of ombudsman had by the end of the 20th century been instituted by most governments and by some intergovernmental organizations such as
945-418: Is published making recommendations for change. Further redress depends on the laws of the country concerned, but this typically involves financial compensation. Ombudsmen in most countries do not have the power to initiate legal proceedings or prosecution on the grounds of a complaint. This role is sometimes referred to as a "tribunician" role, and has been traditionally fulfilled by elected representatives –
1008-972: Is the highest decision-making body of the party. The current member of the PAC are Arvind Kejriwal , Manish Sisodia , Sanjay Singh , Gopal Rai , Atishi , Imran Hussain , Durgesh Pathak , Raghav Chadha and Rakhi Bidlan . Pankaj Kr Gupta (National Secretary) and Narain Dass Gupta (National Treasurer) are the ex officio members of the PAC. The party's National Executive Committee had 34 members in 2022. The AAP has state wings in Andhra Pradesh, Assam, Bihar, Chandigarh, Chhattisgarh, Delhi , Goa, Gujarat, Haryana, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram, Punjab , Puducherry, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand and West Bengal. (Government) The 2013 Delhi state assembly elections were
1071-457: Is to reverse the way that government accountability operates, and the party takes an interpretation of the Gandhian socialist concept of swaraj as a tenet. It believes that through swaraj , the government will be directly accountable to the people instead of higher officials. The swaraj model lays stress on self-governance, community building, and decentralization. Kejriwal has stated that
1134-785: The European Union . As of 2005, including national and sub-national levels, a total of 129 offices of ombudsman have been established around the world. A prototype of an ombudsman may have flourished in China during the Qin dynasty (221 BC), and later in Korea during the Joseon dynasty . The position of secret royal inspector , or amhaeng-eosa ( 암행어사 , 暗行御史 ) was unique to the Joseon dynasty, where an undercover official directly appointed by
1197-525: The Liao dynasty , Japan, and China. An indigenous Swedish , Norwegian , and Danish term, ombudsman , ombodsmann , ombudsmann or ombudsmand is etymologically rooted in the Old Norse word umboðsmaðr , essentially meaning 'representative' (with the word umbud /ombod/ ombud meaning 'proxy', 'attorney'; that is, someone who is authorized to act for someone else, a meaning it still has in
1260-616: The 2015 Delhi election. The Delhi state assembly elections for the Sixth Legislative Assembly of Delhi were held on 7 February 2015, as declared by the Election Commission of India. The Aam Aadmi Party scored a landslide victory by winning a majority of 67 of the 70 seats. The BJP was able to win 3 seats and the Congress party saw all its candidates lose. Kejriwal became the Chief Minister for
1323-480: The 70 seats in the assembly and Kejriwal was again sworn in as the Chief Minister of Delhi . In the subsequent 2020 Delhi Legislative Assembly election , AAP was re-elected as the governing party after winning 62 seats out of 70. Outside Delhi, the AAP cemented its popularity when it emerged as the principal opposition party in the 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election after securing 20 seats. Later, in
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#17327937782561386-576: The AAP emerged as the second-largest party and managed to form the government with support from INC members of the assembly. Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi , but his government resigned 49 days after he could not pass the Jan Lokpal Bill in the assembly, because of the lack of support from the INC. After the President's rule in Delhi, in the following 2015 elections , the AAP won 67 of
1449-604: The AAP organised a rally in Delhi against a land acquisition bill. At the time of formation, the AAP said that the promise of equality and justice that forms a part of the Constitution of India and of its preamble has not been fulfilled and that the Independence of India has replaced enslavement to an oppressive foreign power with that to a political elite. It claimed that the common people of India remain unheard and unseen except when it suits politicians. The AAP's goal
1512-455: The AAP refuses to be guided by ideologies and that they are entering politics to change the system, saying, "We are common men. If we find our solution in the left, we are happy to borrow it from there. If we find our solution in the right, we are happy to borrow it from there." Kejriwal has put forward 3 pillars of Aam Aadmi Party's core ideology: staunch patriotism , staunch honesty and humanity. The party advocates scrapping Section 377 of
1575-465: The AAP was officially granted the status of national party by the ECI . The party's election symbol is a broom . The party is currently part of the coalition I.N.D.I.A. The party came into existence following a difference of opinion between Kejriwal and activist Anna Hazare regarding the incorporation of electoral politics into the popular 2011 Indian anti-corruption movement , which had been demanding
1638-410: The AAP would put 10,000 advertisements on auto rickshaws as a protest. In retrospect, after Kejriwal had been elected and then resigned his position, a union representing the drivers expressed dissatisfaction, saying: "Arvind Kejriwal, who had won the elections because of the support of the auto drivers, has betrayed them by not fulfilling any of the promises made before the elections". On 22 April 2015,
1701-457: The AAP, former law minister Shanti Bhushan donated ₹ 10 million (US$ 120,000) to the party. Prashant Bhushan, his son, was a member of the party's National Executive Committee. The party raised ₹ 20 crore (US$ 2.4 million) by November 2013 and received ₹ 18 crore (US$ 2.2 million) in 2015 assembly polls. On 18 May 2013, a group of Indian Americans from 20 different cities in the US held
1764-505: The AAP, including Kumar Vishwas and Shazia Ilmi , had agreed to extend their support to some people seeking assistance with land deals and other financial arrangements in return for donations in cash to the AAP. Ilmi offered to withdraw her candidature as a result, but the party refused to accept her offer, describing the footage as fabricated and a violation of the Model Code of Conduct. The Election Commission ordered an inquiry regarding
1827-620: The Aam Aadmi Party, citing Kejriwal's tenure as Chief Minister of Delhi. Two of the founders of the party, Prashant Bhushan and Yogendra Yadav, left the Aam Aadmi Party and formed Swaraj Abhiyan . On 23 March 2013, Kejriwal began an indefinite fast in an attempt to mobilise people against inflated power and electricity bills at a house in Sundar Nagri, a low-income group resettlement colony in North-East Delhi. During
1890-644: The Assembly. Apart from Gujarat, AAP is also accorded the status of state party in Goa . Now in 2024 Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly election , AAP opened its account in Jammu and Kashmir (union territory) by winning of Mehraj Malik of AAP from Doda Assembly constituency seat in Jammu region by a margin of 4538 votes, making him the first AAP MLA of Jammu and Kashmir (union territory) Massive anti-corruption protests and strikes in 2011 were initiated by
1953-673: The CEO or board of directors, and according to the International Ombudsman Association (IOA) Standards of Practice, they do not have any other role in the organisation. Organisational ombudsmen often receive more complaints than alternative procedures such as anonymous hot-lines. Since the 1960s, the profession has grown in the United States, and Canada, particularly in corporations, universities, and government agencies. The organizational ombudsman works as
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2016-491: The Delhi Assembly elections took place on 8 February 2020, following vehement campaigns run by the major political parties contesting the election. The counting of votes and subsequent announcement of results happened on 11 February. The Aam Aadmi Party retained the government as the party won 62 out of 70 seats. Arvind Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi for the third consecutive time. The party's vote share
2079-479: The Election Commission of India to instruct Kejriwal to desist from breaking laws governing the model code of conduct for elections in India, but the Delhi court then allowed Kejriwal to challenge this. The President's Rule was subsequently rescinded and Kejriwal became the Chief Minister of Delhi with six cabinet ministers ( Manish Sisodia , Asim Ahmed Khan , Sandeep Kumar , Satyendar Jain , Gopal Rai , and Jitender Singh Tomar ). Major differences surfaced within
2142-504: The Indian Penal Code and legalizing both homosexuality and same-sex marriage . The party is also regarded as being populist, and centrist . During AAP government's tenure, Delhi has replaced Bengaluru as the start-up capital of India. The AAP government has facilitated various start-up policies in Delhi from time to time during its tenure. The party leadership consists of the following bodies: Political Affairs Committee
2205-1054: The Lok Insaaf Party and the other twenty by the AAP. Unlike the 2014 Indian general election , the Political Affairs Committee (PAC) of the party decided to contest elections on limited seats of some of the states and all the seats in Delhi , Goa , and Punjab . In the state of Haryana , the AAP formed an alliance with Dushyant Chautala 's Jannayak Janata Party to contest three Lok Sabha constituencies . The PAC also decided to support and campaign for CPI (M) in Kerala . The party also fielded its first transgender candidate from Allahabad in Uttar Pradesh . The AAP won only 1 constituency of Sangrur . Vote Share of major political parties in Delhi Assembly Election 2020 Voting for
2268-706: The Scandinavian languages). In the Danish Law of Jutland from 1241, the term is umbozman and concretely means a royal civil servant in a hundred . From 1552, it is also used in other Nordic languages such as the Icelandic and Faroese umboðsmaður , the Norwegian ombudsmann / ombodsmann , and the Swedish ombudsman ( pronounced [ˈɔ̂mːbʉːdsˌman] ). The general meaning
2331-689: The Swedish Office of Supreme Ombudsman became the Chancellor of Justice . The Parliamentary Ombudsman was established in 1809 by the Swedish Riksdag , as a parallel institution to the still-present Chancellor of Justice, reflecting the concept of separation of powers as developed by Montesquieu . The Parliamentary Ombudsman is the institution that the Scandinavian countries subsequently developed into its contemporary form, and which subsequently has been adopted in many other parts of
2394-647: The king was sent to local provinces to monitor government officials and look after the populace while travelling incognito. The Roman Tribune had some similar roles, with the power to veto acts that infringed upon the Plebeians . Another precursor to the ombudsman was the Diwān al-Maẓālim ( دِيوَانُ الْمَظَالِمِ ) which appears to go back to the second caliph , Umar (634–644), and the concept of Qaḍī al-Quḍāt ( قَاضِي الْقُضَاةِ ). They were also attested in Siam, India,
2457-552: The legitimacy of the video. The AAP emerged as the second-largest party in Delhi, winning 28 of the 70 Assembly seats; the Bharatiya Janata Party, as the largest party, won 31, while its ally Shiromani Akali Dal , won 1; Indian National Congress won 8, and two were won by others. On 28 December 2013, the AAP formed a minority government in the hung Assembly, with what Sheila Dikshit describes as "not unconditional" support from Indian National Congress. Kejriwal became
2520-743: The modern plural form ombudsmen of the English borrowed word ombudsman is likely. Use of the term in its modern sense began in Sweden with the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman instituted by the Instrument of Government of 1809, to safeguard the rights of citizens by establishing a supervisory agency independent of the executive branch . The predecessor of the Swedish Parliamentary Ombudsman
2583-400: The new prime minister Modi directed that Air India change its long-standing Maharaja logo for one utilising aam aadmi . Ombudsman An ombudsman ( / ˈ ɒ m b ʊ d z m ən / OM -buudz-mən , also US : /- b ə d z -, - b ʌ d z -/ -bədz-, -budz- ), ombud , ombuds , bud , ombudswoman , ombudsperson , or public advocate is
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2646-645: The party leadership soon after its victory. It created deep fissures between the founding members who had together championed the anti-corruption movement. Problems emerged in February 2015 when Yogendra Yadav and Prashanth Bhushan wrote a joint letter to the National Executive, highlighting Kejriwal's tendency to unilateral decision-making, which they alleged had compromised the party's core principle of Swaraj. After continued allegations, counter-allegations and several failed attempts at reconciliation between
2709-463: The party's first electoral contest. The Election Commission approved the symbol of a broom for use by the AAP in that campaign. The party said that its candidates were honest and had been screened for potential criminal backgrounds. It published its central manifesto on 20 November 2013, promising to implement the Jan Lokpal Bill within 15 days of coming to power. In November 2013, a sting operation conducted by Media Sarkar alleged that several leaders of
2772-619: The party. For the first time, the AAP contested the 2017 Goa Legislative Assembly election and 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election . In Goa the AAP could not win any seat, and 38 out of 39 candidates failed to save their security deposits. For the 2017 Punjab Legislative Assembly election , the Lok Insaaf Party allied with the AAP. This alliance was called the AAP Alliance and was represented on news channels as AAP+ . It won 22 seats in total, two of which were won by
2835-405: The party. The National Executive member Yogendra Yadav in a letter to his party members criticised Kejriwal's style of leadership. After the National Executive meeting on 8 June, the party and Kejriwal acknowledged these differences and announced the launch of "Mission Vistar" (Mission Expand), to include more people in local as well as national decision making. Vote Share of different parties in
2898-603: The programmes of its UPA government. The expression was also adopted by the Aam Aadmi Party , formed in 2012. At that time, the Congress objected to the newly formed party's name, claiming that the aam aadmi has been synonymous with the Congress since 1885. "Mango man" is an absurd translation of the phrase ( aam is also the Hindi word for "mango"). In 2012, Robert Vadra was criticized by activists, when he mocked them as "mango men in banana republic ". In 2014,
2961-533: The protest, he urged Delhi citizens not to pay "inflated" water and electricity bills. The AAP also demanded an audit of power and electricity supply in Delhi by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India , something that was also supported by civil society groups like the National Alliance of People's Movement (NAPM). The AAP claimed that the protest gathered support from 100,000 people in Delhi on
3024-523: The second time. The AAP had started campaigning in Delhi in November 2014 and declared candidates for all 70 seats. During the campaign, Kejriwal claimed that the BJP had been trying to bribe AAP volunteers. He asked Delhi voters to not deny the bribes offered to them. He suggested that voters should accept the bribe from others and yet vote for AAP through the secret ballot in the election. The situation caused
3087-434: The second-youngest Chief Minister of Delhi . As a result of the Delhi elections, the AAP became a recognised state party in Delhi. The AAP fielded 434 candidates in the 2014 Indian general election , in which it did not expect to do well. It recognised that its support was based primarily in urban areas and that different strategies might be required for different regions of the country. The party pointed out that its funding
3150-636: The selection of an appropriate individual for the office, and on the cooperation of at least some effective official from within the apparatus of the state. The institution has also been criticized: "Ombudsmen are relics of absolutism, designed to iron out the worst excesses of administrative arbitrariness while keeping the power structures intact." Many private companies, universities, non-profit organisations, and government agencies also have an ombudsman (or an ombuds office) to serve internal employees, managers and/or other constituencies. These ombudsman roles are structured to function independently, by reporting to
3213-410: The subsequent 2022 Punjab Legislative Assembly election , AAP was elected as the main governing party after winning 92 seats. Following this, its member Bhagwant Mann was sworn in as the Chief Minister of Punjab . In December 2022, the party emerged as the third front in the politics of Gujarat after 2022 Gujarat Legislative Assembly election . It secured 12.92% of the votes polled and five seats in
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#17327937782563276-409: The term refers to the ancient Roman " tribunes of the plebeians " ( tribuni plebis ), whose role was to intercede in the political process on behalf of common citizens. The significant advantage of an ombudsman is that they examine complaints from outside the offending state institution, thus avoiding the conflicts of interest inherent in self-policing. However, the ombudsman system relies heavily on
3339-432: The two sides, Yadav and Bhushan were first removed from the PAC and later from the National Executive after the party's National Council passed a resolution to expel them for their alleged anti-party activities. Party leaders refuted accusations made by Yadav and Bhushan at the meeting that the party was murdering democracy and resorting to intimidation. In April 2015, Yadav, Bhushan, Anand Kumar, and Ajit Jha were removed from
3402-410: The vote in their constituencies. Although the party secured 32.9 per cent of the votes in Delhi, it failed to win any seats there. AAP convenor, Arvind Kejriwal fought from Varanasi against BJP's Prime Ministerial candidate Narendra Modi , but lost by a margin of 371,784 (20.30%) votes and came second ahead of BSP, Congress, SP. Immediately after the elections, Shazia Ilmi (PAC member) resigned from
3465-419: The world. The word ombudsman and its specific meaning have since been adopted in various languages, such as Dutch. The German language uses Ombudsmann , Ombudsfrau and Ombudsleute . Notable exceptions are French, Italian, Spanish, and Finnish , which use translations instead. Modern variations of this term include ombud , ombuds , ombudsperson , or ombudswoman , and the conventional English plural
3528-626: Was 53.5%, according to the results. The AAP contested in 2021 Chandigarh Municipal Corporation election for the first time, won 14 seats and became the single largest party in the council of total 35 elected seats. Sitting mayor Ravi Kant Sharma from BJP lost his seat to AAP candidate Damanpreet Singh. In ward number 21, former mayor and BJP candidate Davesh Moudgil was defeated by AAP's Jasbir. In January 2021, Arvind Kejriwal announced that AAP would be contesting six state elections in 2022 . The six states were Uttar Pradesh , Himachal Pradesh , Goa , Gujarat , Uttarakhand , and Punjab . The party won
3591-523: Was adopted on 24 November 2012, when a National Council comprising 320 people and a National Executive of 23 were also formed. Both the Council and the Executive were expected to have more members in due course, with the intention being that all districts and all classes of people would have a voice. Various committees were proposed to be formed to draft proposals for adoption by the party in a process that
3654-511: Was and is approximately 'a man representing (someone)' (i.e., a representative) or 'a man with a commission (from someone)' (a commissioner). The Swedish-speaking minority in Finland uses the Swedish terminology. The various forms of the suffix -mand , -maður , et cetera, are just the forms the common Germanic word represented by the English word man have in the various languages. Thus,
3717-533: Was expected to take several months. Although one aim was to limit nepotism, there were complaints at this initial meeting that the selection of people invited to attend was itself an example of such practices. The party was formally launched in Delhi on 26 November and in March 2013, it was registered as a political party by the Election Commission of India . On 26 November 2012, the formal launch day of
3780-545: Was limited and that there were too many demands for local visits from Kejriwal. The intention was to field candidates in large numbers to maximise the likelihood of recognition as a national party by the Election Commission. The outcome was that four AAP candidates won, all from Punjab . Consequently, the AAP became a recognised state party in Punjab. The party obtained 2% of all votes cast nationwide and 414 of its candidates forfeited their deposit by failing to secure one-sixth of
3843-434: Was opposed by others such as Kiran Bedi and Santosh Hegde . On 2 October, Kejriwal announced that he was forming a political party and that he intended the formal launch to be on 26 November, coinciding with the anniversary of India's adoption of its Constitution in 1949. The party's name reflects the phrase Aam Aadmi ( transl. common man ), whose interests Kejriwal proposed to represent. A party constitution
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#17327937782563906-638: Was the Office of Supreme Ombudsman ( Högste Ombudsmannen ), which was established by the Swedish King, Charles XII , in 1713. Charles XII was in exile in Turkey and needed a representative in Sweden to ensure that judges and civil servants acted in accordance with the laws and with their duties. If they did not do so, the Supreme Ombudsman had the right to prosecute them for negligence. In 1719
3969-519: Was wide support for politicisation. Hazare rejected the poll, saying "elections require huge funds, which will be tough for activists to organise without compromising on their values". He also said it would be difficult to ensure that candidates are not corrupted once elected. Hazare and Kejriwal agreed on 19 September 2012 that their differences regarding a role in politics were irreconcilable. Kejriwal had support from some anti-corruption movement activists, such as Prashant Bhushan and Shanti Bhushan , but
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