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Adam's Mark

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Adam's Mark Hotels & Resorts was a chain of upscale hotels in the United States . The company was headquartered in the HBE Corporation offices in Creve Coeur, Missouri , in Greater St. Louis . Fred Kummer founded the chain in the early 1970s, as well as its parent, HBE Corp .

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32-692: In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Adams Mark faced several civil, state, and federal lawsuits for racial discrimination against Black customers. It was the first hotel chain, in its entirety, to face a United States Justice Department inquiry into racial discrimination for violations of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 . In the 1990s, Adams Mark settled multimillion-dollar racial discrimination lawsuits involving employees and consumers against individual hotels in Indianapolis and St. Louis . In December 1999, five African–American hotel guests brought

64-1048: A "Cryptocurrency Enforcement Team" during the Aspen Cyber Summit. United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division United States Department of Justice Justice Management Division [REDACTED] Seal of the United States Department of Justice Division overview Formed 1979  ( 1979 ) Preceding Division Office of Management and Finance Jurisdiction United States government agency Headquarters Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building 950 Pennsylvania Avenue NW Washington, D.C. , United States Division executive Jolene Ann Lauria , Acting Assistant Attorney General for Administration Parent department U.S. Department of Justice Website Official website The Justice Management Division ( JMD )

96-591: A class action lawsuit against the hotel chain after attending the Black College Reunion in Daytona Beach , Florida in 1999. The suit alleged that Adams Mark "charged black guests higher rates, required them to wear orange wrist bands and prohibited black visitors." Additionally, the claimants reported that "rooms rented to blacks had been 'stripped down' and lacked such basic amenities as telephones and maid service; pictures had been removed from

128-594: A full-time job, in 1867, the U.S. House Committee on the Judiciary , led by Congressman William Lawrence , conducted an inquiry into the creation of a "law department" headed by the attorney general and also composed of the various department solicitors and United States attorneys . On February 19, 1868, Lawrence introduced a bill in Congress to create the Department of Justice. President Ulysses S. Grant signed

160-614: A small operation, with a staff of six. The main function was to generate legal opinions at the request of Lincoln and cabinet members, and handle occasional cases before the Supreme Court. Lincoln's cabinet was full of experienced lawyers who seldom felt the need to ask for his opinions. Bates had no authority over the US Attorneys around the country. The federal court system was handled by the Interior Department;

192-464: A website that supported the USA PATRIOT Act . It was criticized by government watchdog groups for its alleged violation of U.S. Code Title 18 Section 1913, which forbids money appropriated by Congress to be used to lobby in favor of any law, actual or proposed. The website has since been taken offline. On October 5, 2021, U.S. Deputy Attorney General Lisa Monaco has announced the formation of

224-694: Is Merrick Garland , who has served since March 2021. The Justice Department contains most of the United States' federal law enforcement agencies , including the Federal Bureau of Investigation , the U.S. Marshals Service , the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives , the Drug Enforcement Administration , and the Federal Bureau of Prisons . The department also has eight divisions of lawyers who represent

256-786: Is a division of the United States Department of Justice . It is the administrative arm of the Department of Justice. Its mission is to support some 40 senior management offices (SMOs), offices, bureaus, and divisions (collectively called components ) of the DOJ. It was formerly called the Office of Management and Finance. Organizational chart [ edit ] Justice Management Division: Assistant Attorney General for Administration (AAG-A) (currently Lee J. Lofthus , appointed in December 2006; replaced Paul Corts , who left in

288-582: The NAACP , was settled out of court for $ 8 million in 2000. In July 2015, new allegations of racism against Adams Mark surfaced. The Daily Kos reported, "A white hotel manager of the Adams Mark Hotel in Kansas City, hung a black slave doll from the doorway of the office with a garbage bag in an apparent mocking of the death of Sandra Bland ." Tweets about the incident documented a photograph of

320-463: The United States government tasked with the enforcement of federal law and administration of justice in the United States. It is equivalent to the justice or interior ministries of other countries. The department is headed by the U.S. attorney general , who reports directly to the president of the United States and is a member of the president's Cabinet . The current attorney general

352-902: The Wayback Machine External links [ edit ] Official website v t e United States Department of Justice Headquarters: Robert F. Kennedy Department of Justice Building Merrick Garland , Attorney General Lisa Monaco , Deputy Attorney General Deputy Attorney General Justice Management Division Criminal Division National Security Division Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives Drug Enforcement Administration Federal Bureau of Investigation Bureau of Prisons ( National Institute of Corrections * Federal Prison Industries ) United States Marshals Service Executive Office for Immigration Review ( Board of Immigration Appeals ) Office of

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384-574: The federal government took on some law enforcement responsibilities, and the Department of Justice was tasked with performing these. In 1884, control of federal prisons was transferred to the new department, from the Department of the Interior . New facilities were built, including the penitentiary at Leavenworth in 1895, and a facility for women located in West Virginia , at Alderson

416-657: The Attorney General's office in the Department of Justice Main Building in Washington, D.C. The building was renamed in honor of former Attorney General Robert F. Kennedy in 2001. It is sometimes referred to as "Main Justice". The Justice Department also had a War Division during World War II . It was created in 1942 and disestablished in 1945. Several federal law enforcement agencies are administered by

448-472: The Constitution. Both Akerman and Bristow used the Department of Justice to vigorously prosecute Ku Klux Klan members in the early 1870s. In the first few years of Grant's first term in office, there were 1000 indictments against Klan members, with over 550 convictions from the Department of Justice. By 1871, there were 3000 indictments and 600 convictions, with most only serving brief sentences, while

480-498: The Department of Justice) "who prosecutes on behalf of justice (or the Lady Justice)". The motto's conception of the prosecutor (or government attorney) as being the servant of justice itself finds concrete expression in a similarly-ordered English-language inscription ("THE UNITED STATES WINS ITS POINT WHENEVER JUSTICE IS DONE ITS CITIZENS IN THE COURTS") in the above-door paneling in the ceremonial rotunda anteroom just outside

512-483: The Department of Justice. Similarly the Office of Domestic Preparedness left the Justice Department for the Department of Homeland Security, but only for executive purposes. The Office of Domestic Preparedness is still centralized within the Department of Justice, since its personnel are still officially employed within the Department of Justice. In 2003, the Department of Justice created LifeAndLiberty.gov,

544-537: The Department of Justice: In March 2003, the United States Immigration and Naturalization Service was abolished and its functions transferred to the United States Department of Homeland Security . The Executive Office for Immigration Review and the Board of Immigration Appeals , which review decisions made by government officials under Immigration and Nationality law, remain under jurisdiction of

576-547: The Department of the Interior, the prosecution of all federal crimes, and the representation of the United States in all court actions, barring the use of private attorneys by the federal government. The law also created the office of Solicitor General to supervise and conduct government litigation in the Supreme Court of the United States . With the passage of the Interstate Commerce Act in 1887,

608-627: The Pardon Attorney Office of Professional Responsibility Office of Tribal Justice Professional Responsibility Advisory Office Executive Office for Organized Crime Drug Enforcement Task Forces Executive Office for United States Attorneys United States Attorneys' Offices INTERPOL Washington--United States National Central Bureau United States Parole Commission Office of Legal Counsel Office of Legal Policy Office of Legislative Affairs Office of Public Affairs Department of Justice Office of

640-468: The Treasury handled claims. Most of the opinions turned out by Bates's office were of minor importance. Lincoln gave him no special assignments and did not seek his advice on Supreme Court appointments. Bates did have an opportunity to comment on general policy as a cabinet member with a strong political base, but he seldom spoke up. Following unsuccessful efforts in 1830 and 1846 to make attorney general

672-553: The U.S. federal government in litigation: the Criminal , Civil , Antitrust , Tax , Civil Rights , Environment and Natural Resources , National Security , and Justice Management Divisions . The department also includes the U.S. Attorneys' Offices for each of the 94 U.S. federal judicial districts . The U.S. Congress created the Justice Department in 1870 during the presidency of Ulysses S. Grant . The Justice Department's functions originally date to 1789, when Congress created

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704-443: The bill into law on June 22, 1870. Grant appointed Amos T. Akerman as attorney general and Benjamin H. Bristow as America's first solicitor general the same week that Congress created the Department of Justice. The Department's immediate function was to preserve civil rights. It set about fighting against domestic terrorist groups who had been using both violence and litigation to oppose the 13th , 14th , and 15th Amendments to

736-485: The doll hanging by a "white plastic bag noose" around her neck. While once numbering more than 20 large hotels, the chain, because of financial difficulties and changing corporate strategies, sold all of its properties during the 2000s. United States Justice Department The United States Department of Justice ( DOJ ), also known as the Justice Department , is a federal executive department of

768-470: The office of the Attorney General. The office of the attorney general was established by the Judiciary Act of 1789 as a part-time job for one person, but grew with the bureaucracy . At one time, the attorney general gave legal advice to the U.S. Congress , as well as the president ; however, in 1819, the attorney general began advising Congress alone to ensure a manageable workload. Until 1853,

800-487: The original intended meaning of the Latin motto appearing on the Department of Justice seal, Qui Pro Domina Justitia Sequitur (literally "Who For Lady Justice Strives"). It is not even known exactly when the original version of the DOJ seal itself was adopted, or when the motto first appeared on the seal. The most authoritative opinion of the DOJ suggests that the motto refers to the Attorney General (and thus, by extension, to

832-573: The ringleaders were imprisoned for up to five years in the federal penitentiary in Albany, New York . The result was a dramatic decrease in violence in the South. Akerman gave credit to Grant and told a friend that no one was "better" or "stronger" than Grant when it came to prosecuting terrorists. George H. Williams , who succeeded Akerman in December 1871, continued to prosecute the Klan throughout 1872 until

864-412: The salary of the attorney general was set by statute at less than the amount paid to other Cabinet members. Early attorneys general supplemented their salaries by running private law practices, often arguing cases before the courts as attorneys for paying litigants. The lightness of the office is exemplified by Edward Bates (1793–1869), Attorney General under Abraham Lincoln (1861 to 1864). Bates had only

896-436: The spring of 1873, during Grant's second term in office. Williams then placed a moratorium on Klan prosecutions partially because the Justice Department, inundated by cases involving the Klan, did not have the manpower to continue prosecutions. The "Act to Establish the Department of Justice" drastically increased the attorney general's responsibilities to include the supervision of all United States attorneys, formerly under

928-1274: The summer of 2006). The AAG-A reports to the Deputy Attorney General (DAG). Deputy Assistant Attorney General/ Chief Information Officer (DAAG/CIO) is Currently Melinda Rogers Service Delivery Staff Cybersecurity Services Staff Policy and Planning Staff Deputy Assistant Attorney General/Controller Budget Staff Finance Staff Strategic Planning and Performance Staff Debt Collection Management Staff Asset Forfeiture Management Staff Deputy Assistant Attorney General for Human Resources and Administration (DAAG/HRA) Human Resources Staff Equal Employment Opportunity Staff Security and Emergency Planning Staff Library Staff Consolidated Executive Office Departmental Executive Secretariat Deputy Assistant Attorney General for Policy, Management and Procurement Internal Review and Evaluation Office Office of General Counsel Facilities and Administrative Services Staff Departmental Ethics Office Procurement Services Staff Office of Records Management Policy Office of Acquisition Management References [ edit ] ^ Justice Management Division Archived November 29, 2009, at

960-408: The walls and room mini-bars were locked." The Justice Department agreed with the claimants in a nonmonetary settlement, finding that Adams Mark engaged in racial discrimination by "charging Black customers higher prices than Whites and segregating Black customers in less desirable rooms as part of a corporate pattern of discrimination." The suit, and subsequent 17-month boycott of the chain called by

992-425: Was completed in 1935 from a design by Milton Bennett Medary . Upon Medary's death in 1929, the other partners of his Philadelphia firm Zantzinger, Borie and Medary took over the project. On a lot bordered by Constitution and Pennsylvania Avenues and Ninth and Tenth Streets, Northwest, it holds over 1,000,000 square feet (93,000 m ) of space. Various efforts, none entirely successful, have been made to determine

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1024-615: Was established in 1924. In 1933, President Franklin D. Roosevelt issued an executive order which gave the Department of Justice responsibility for the "functions of prosecuting in the courts of the United States claims and demands by, and offsenses [ sic ] against, the Government of the United States, and of defending claims and demands against the Government, and of supervising the work of United States attorneys, marshals, and clerks in connection therewith, now exercised by any agency or officer..." The U.S. Department of Justice building

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