The Afghan Boundary Commission (or Joint Anglo-Russian Boundary Commission ) was a joint effort by the United Kingdom and the Russian Empire to determine the northern border of Afghanistan . The Boundary Commission traveled and documented the northern border area during 1884, 1885, and 1886.
12-654: The commission was accompanied by Kazi Saad-ud-Din as the representative of the Amir of Afghanistan , but the Afghans did not have a real say in the matter. Tensions between Britain, Russia and Afghanistan grew in 1885, especially in the aftermath of the Panjdeh incident , in which several hundred Afghans were killed by a Russian army, witnessed by several members of the commission. From March until September, it seemed likely that this would lead to war between Russia and Britain, with
24-547: A species of terrorism, based on the asserted ill-will of the people, particularly the soldiery. By means of this, he not only succeeded in making the Commission virtually prisoners in their own camp, but frequently disturbed those responsible for its safety by raising bugbears, the true nature of which they were unable to discern." Captain Yate wrote in 1886 that Saad-ud-Din was "doing his utmost to thwart our best endeavours for
36-668: The Amu Darya , with the loss of a large amount of territory, especially around Panjdeh . Some letters compiled by Charles Edward Yate "describe the sojourn of the British Commission around Herat during the summer of 1885; the subsequent meeting of the joint British and Russian Commissions in November of that year, and the progress of the demarcation of the frontier up to the time of their separation in September 1886;
48-641: The Amir declined from the time of his daughter's divorce. In December 1904 he was superseded as governor by Sardar Muhammad Sarwar Khan and summoned to Kabul. Appointed Khan-i-Mulla and Kazi of Kabul, May 1905. Member of the Majlis-iShura. Still Kazi in Kabul in 1908 where he was becoming popular. Appointed Chief Justice, Qazi-ul-Quzat, 1914. He had eleven sons: Abdul Shakur Khan (who became Qazi-ul-Quzat after his death), Abdul Ghani Khan, Abdul Karim Khan (who held
60-536: The Boundary Commission's work along the border of Herat Province, he returned to Kabul in October 1886, whereupon the incumbent Governor of Herat , Nazir Muhammad Sarwar Khan , was dismissed from his post and arrested in November. Whether Kazi Saad-ud-Din had a role in the intrigue that brought down Sarwar Khan is unknown, but he was the man in the best position to inform on the outgoing governor, and he
72-755: The British officers. Captain Pelham James Maitland wrote of him that he was "hitherto a person of no particular importance. He was believed to be honest, and devoted to the Amir Abdul Rahman. These qualities proved to be counterbalanced by excessive bigotry, narrow-mindedness, and ignorance of the world. Kazi Saduddin, now [1888] Governor of Herat, is a fanatic, meaning well to his country, and his master, but without education or ability, and therefore capable, under some circumstances of doing considerable mischief. He began at once by instituting
84-596: The Commission at the epicentre (Britain controlled Afghanistan's foreign affairs following the Treaty of Gandamak ). However, war was eventually averted. Between 1885 and 1888, the Afghan Boundary Commission agreed the Russians would relinquish the most remote territory captured in their military advances but they would retain Panjdeh . The agreement delineated a permanent northern Afghan frontier at
96-479: The good of the Amir and his dominions. Instead of friends and protectors, he would wish to make us out treacherous deceivers, and he has doubtless done his best to malign us and minimise the effect of all that the British Government has done for Afghanistan... Any unfortunate man caught doing any of us the slightest service has always been flogged or otherwise severely punished." After the conclusion of
108-694: The return of the British Commission through Kabul to India in October 1886; the negotiations at St. Petersburg during the summer of 1887; the final settlement and demarcation of the frontier during the winter of 1887, and return through Russian Trans-Caspian territory in February 1888". This Afghanistan location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Kazi Saad-ud-Din Khan Saad-ud-Din ( Pashto / Dari : سعدالدين خان), later Kazi Saad-ud-Din Khan (c. 1848 – after 1914),
120-641: Was a politician in Afghanistan under Abdur Rahman Khan and Habibullah Khan ; he was, for a time, Habibullah Khan's father-in-law. He was the Governor of Herat for eighteen years, between 1887 and 1904, and he became the Chief Justice in 1914. He was bestowed the title " Khan e Ulum " (خان علوم), which translates to "Master of Knowledge". Saad-ud-Din was a member of the Barakzai dynasty . He
132-474: Was also the primary beneficiary, becoming the new Governor of Herat in 1887. He held the post until 1904. Kazi Saad-ud-Din was reported to be well read and learned, especially in theology. In 1903–04 he hindered Henry Dobbs ' movements on the Herat border as much as possible, blaming the British for desecration of a graveyard. His daughter was married to Amir Habibullah and divorced in 1903. His influence with
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#1732771873242144-599: Was born in about 1848, the son of Khan-i-Mulla, Chief Kazi of Afghanistan. Saad-ud-Din was appointed Kazi of Kandahar during the Second Anglo-Afghan War and retained the post for a while afterwards, but was eventually recalled to Kabul in disgrace according to British sources. In September 1884, he took up a new post as Afghan Representative with the Afghan Boundary Commission of 1884–6, in which capacity he greatly aggravated
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