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31-644: The farm was officially opened on 23 September 2008, by the Portuguese Minister of Economy. The wave farm was shut down two months after the official opening in November 2008. It was reported to have cost €9m, but for these early projects the true costs are not always known. The Pelamis devices were deployed at the Aguçadoura test site , which has previously and subsequently seen other wave energy and floating wind turbines tested there. Developed by

62-458: A 2 MW (peak power output) Archimedes Wave Swing (AWS) was installed at Aguçadoura, after unsuccessful attempts in 2001 and 2002. The installation took three and a half days, and was eventually achieved by attaching the convertor to a pontoon and then submerging it and attaching to the seabed while the chamber remained floating. The AWS device on the submersible pontoon foundation was 48 m long, 28 m wide and 35 m high, and sat on

93-674: A Pelamis wave machine was about 150 kW. The first machine was installed in July 2008, followed by the other two in September. There had been issues with foam-filled buoyancy tanks, although this was resolved. Further technical issues meant they were removed from site in November 2008. The project was a joint-venture between Pelamis Wave Power , Energias de Portugal , the Portuguese renewable energy company Enersis , and Australian infrastructure company Babcock & Brown . The project

124-467: A peak output of 750  kW , giving an installed peak capacity of 2.25 MW, enough to meet the average electricity demand of more than 1,500 Portuguese homes. The average output from a Pelamis machine will depend on the wave resource in a particular area. The higher the resource the higher the average output. According to information on the Pelamis web site, it appears that the average power output for

155-523: Is a Wave Energy Converter which was utilised to capture wave energy from the sea in the waters off the sea in Orkney. It became redundant and came into the possession of OIC in 2017. It has been laid up at moorings off Lyness Wharf, Hoy, Orkney. Upon an agreed date which shall be within 7 days of signing acceptance to the agreement the Contractor shall take ownership of Pelamis, and the responsibility for

186-484: The intellectual property transferred to the Scottish Government body Wave Energy Scotland . Pelamis was an attenuating wave energy converter. The machine responded to the curvature of the waves (their shape) rather than the wave height. As waves can only reach a certain curvature before naturally breaking, this limits the range of motion through which the machine must move but maintains large motion at

217-600: The 25 MW WindFloat Atlantic project, about 20 km off the coast of Viana do Castelo , some 30 km North of Aguçadoura. This has three WindFloat foundations each with a Vestas V164-8.4MW turbine, which began supplying power in January 2020. In late 2020, CorPower Ocean secured a 10-year licence from the Portuguese Directorate-General for Natural Resources that would allow them to test an array of CorPower wave energy converters (WECs) at

248-644: The Aguçadoura site within the HiWave-5 project. A new subsea electricity cable was installed in Autumn 2022. The first CorPower C4 WEC was installed in September 2023, and started exporting to the Portuguese electricity grid in October 2023. It is planned to install a further three C5 WECs as a demonstration of a CorPack wave cluster. Pelamis Wave Energy Converter The Pelamis Wave Energy Converter

279-545: The Aguçadoura site. A consortium called WindPlus was set up to develop the project; it included Principle Power, EDP, and Vestas . In November 2011, the WindFloat 1 semi-submersible platform with a 2 MW Vestas wind turbine was installed around 5 km off the coast of Aguçaduora, following a 350 km tow from Setúbal . The turbine was 54 m high, and with the foundation weighed 1200 t, and can be installed in water depths of over 50 m. The structure

310-653: The German utility company, E.ON , and was the UK's first commercial supply contract in the marine energy sector. The P2-001 machine was named Vágr Atferð , Old Norse for Wave Power. In March 2010 Pelamis Wave Power announced a second order for a P2 machine, from ScottishPower Renewables, part of Iberdrola Renovables . This second machine was first installed at EMEC in May 2012. The two utility companies announced that they will work together to share and collaborate in testing of

341-579: The P2 Pelamis technology. When not being tested at the Billa Croo test site, the machines were maintained at Lyness Harbour on this island of Hoy, Orkney . The Golden Wharf at Lyness was upgraded in 2010–2011 to host renewable energy projects. Following the demise of the company, the P2-001 device was acquired by Wave Energy Scotland , having completed over 15,000 hours of operation. The device

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372-461: The Pelamis machines were brought back to harbour at Leixões due to a technical problem with some of the bearings for which a solution had been found. However, the machines are likely to remain off-line until a new partner is found to take over Babcock & Brown’s 77% share in the project. This seems unlikely, because according to Pelamis "those machines are sub-optimal" and the owner is trying to sell them. Pelamis subsequently focused its efforts on

403-541: The Pelamis which began testing in 2015 in the South China Sea . It was reported to have been based on IP stolen from Pelamis during a 2011 heist. July 2023 the Orkney Island Council sought tenders for the disposal of the Pelamis 2 "Orkney Islands Council (OIC) invite you to submit a proposal to take ownership and remove and dispose of the wave energy converter known as “Pelamis” P2. The “Pelamis”

434-527: The Scottish company Pelamis Wave Power , the Pelamis machine was made up of connected sections which flex and bend relative to one another as waves run along the structure. This motion is resisted by hydraulic rams which pump high pressure oil through hydraulic motors which in turn drive electrical generators . The three machines which made up the Aguçadoura Wave Park were each rated at

465-405: The UK, for projects of up to 50 MW. The "Pentland Firth and Orkney Waters Leasing Round" was the world's first commercial scale wave and tidal energy leasing opportunity. Pelamis platurus is a yellow-bellied sea snake that lives in tropical and subtropical waters. It prefers shallow inshore waters. The Hailong (Dragon) 1 is a Chinese wave energy machine reported to be a near perfect copy of

496-630: The coast of Aguçadoura, Póvoa de Varzim , about 35 km NNE of central Porto . It was established in 2001, and as of 2024 four developers have tested devices there: the Archimedes Wave Swing, three Pelamis Wave Power P1 machines as the Aguçadoura Wave Farm, the Principle Power WindFloat, and CorPower Ocean 's C4. Since 2021, it has been managed by WavEC and OceanACT. In May 2004,

527-443: The farm had an installed capacity of 2.25 MW and was the world's first multiple machine wave power project. The project was part funded by Portuguese utility Enersis , at the time owned by Australian global investment company Babcock & Brown . The farm first generated electricity in July 2008 but was taken offline in November 2008 at the same time as Babcock & Brown encountered financial difficulties. The P2 Pelamis design

558-447: The financial crisis. One of the project partners, Babcock & Brown pulled out after a major sale of assets to repay its debts. Another of the partners, Energias de Portugal (EDP), were not discouraged by the failure and signed an agreement with US-based Principle Power to develop floating offshore wind turbines. An initial agreement between Principle Power and EDP was made in 2009 to develop floating offshore wind turbines at

589-465: The grid, when it was first connected to the UK grid in 2004. Pelamis Wave Power then went on to build and test five additional Pelamis machines: three first-generation P1 machines, which were tested in a farm off the coast of Portugal in 2009, and two second-generation machines, the Pelamis P2, were tested off Orkney between 2010 and 2014. The company went into administration in November 2014, with

620-592: The joints in small waves. The Pelamis machine was an offshore wave energy converter, operating in water depths greater than 50m. The machine consisted of a series of semi-submerged cylindrical sections linked by hinged joints. As waves pass along the length of the machine, the sections move relative to one another. The wave-induced motion of the sections is resisted by hydraulic cylinders which pump high pressure oil through hydraulic motors via smoothing hydraulic accumulators . The hydraulic motors drive electrical generators to produce electricity. Electricity from all

651-595: The joints is fed down a single umbilical cable to a junction on the sea bed . Several devices can be connected and linked to shore through a single seabed cable. Pelamis Wave Power tested their first full-scale prototype at the Billia Croo wave test site at the European Marine Energy Centre (EMEC) in Orkney , Scotland between 2004 and 2007. The machine, which was rated at 750 kW, was

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682-485: The new P2 machine, two of which were tested in Orkney in Scotland beginning in 2010. Pelamis ceased operations in 2014; a P2 device was dismantled in 2016. Agu%C3%A7adoura test site The Aguçadoura test site is an offshore location in the north of Portugal where grid connected offshore renewable energy devices have been tested, for research and project demonstration. It is about 5 km (3 miles) off

713-447: The sea bed beneath the waves. It had a 9.5 m diameter moving captor with a stroke of 7 m that moved with the waves at a maximum speed of 2.2 m/s. It was connected to the Portuguese grid by a 6 km long cable. The testing was postponed until mid-September 2004, due to technical issues communicating with the device. At the end of October 2004 the testing license expired and the tests finished. The AWS intellectual property

744-488: The upkeep, maintenance and security of the “Pelamis” will become the Contractors responsibility. The Contractor will be required to have relevant and appropriate insurances in place at the time of change of ownership. The contractor shall have the option to remove the Pelamis by sea to dismantle or dispose of the Pelamis at a regulated and certified recycling facility or to dismantle the Pelamis at Lyness Wharf and remove

775-492: The world's first offshore wave power machine to generate electricity into the grid system. The prototype was 120 metres (390 ft) long and 3.5 metres (11 ft) in diameter. It had four tube sections coupled by three power conversion modules. In 2008 Pelamis tested three first generation, P1 Pelamis waves at the Aguçadoura Wave Farm . Located off the northwest coast of Portugal near Póvoa de Varzim ,

806-475: Was Pelamis Wave Power's second generation Pelamis machine. The Pelamis P2 is 180m long, 4m diameter and approximately 1350 tonnes in weight. Consisting of five tube sections and four flexible joints, the design is longer and fatter than the previous P1 design. In 2010, Pelamis Wave Power began tests of the first Pelamis P2 machine, again at the EMEC Billia Croo wave test site. The machine was owned by

837-407: Was a technology that used the motion of ocean surface waves to create electricity. The machine was made up of connected sections which flex and bend as waves pass; it is this motion which is used to generate electricity. Developed by the now defunct Scottish company Pelamis Wave Power (formerly Ocean Power Delivery), the Pelamis became the first offshore wave machine to generate electricity into

868-452: Was decommissioned in April 2016 and sold to the Orkney Island Council for £1. The other device, P2-002 was sold to the European Marine Energy Centre for use as a test rig. E.ON and ScottishPower Renewables announced plans to build larger projects using Pelamis machines in the waters off Orkney's west coast. Both companies won leases in 2010 from The Crown Estate , who own the seabed around

899-495: Was later transferred to a Scottish company AWS Ocean Energy Ltd. Three Pelamis P1 wave energy converters were installed at Aguçadoura in September 2018, and connected to the Portuguese grid. These each had a rated peak power of nominally 750 kW, giving a total of 2.25 MW installed capacity. There were plans to install a further 25 Pelamis WECs, but this never happened. The three machines were taken back to shore due to technical issues, but were never re-deployed due to

930-492: Was not permanently installed, but held in place by drag-embedment anchors similar to those used to moor floating oil platforms. After five years, the testing programme was completed, the device having survived 17 m high waves, wind speeds of up to 111 km/h , and generated 17 GWh of renewable electricity for the Portuguese grid. The design of the platform was approved by certification body Bureau Veritas in April 2016. The WindPlus consortium has since developed

961-464: Was originally conceived by Enersis, which developed and financed the project and which was subsequently bought by Babcock & Brown in December 2005. In the last quarter of 2008, Babcock & Brown had its shares suspended and has been in a managed process of selling its assets, including the Aguçadoura project. In March 2009, Babcock & Brown went into voluntary administration. In November 2008,

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