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34-692: The source of the Altmühl is close to the town of Ansbach . From here the river runs southeastwards as a narrow brook to enter the Altmühlsee  [ de ] (a lake) north of Gunzenhausen . After leaving Gunzenhausen, the river moves in a broad curve through the Franconian Jura . It enters the Naturpark Altmühltal  [ de ] (Altmühl Valley Nature Park), which is known for its natural environment: The meanders of

68-705: A notable attraction into the 1800s. In 1791, the last margrave sold his realm to the Kingdom of Prussia . In 1796, the Duke of Zweibrücken , Maximilian Joseph — the future Bavarian king— was exiled to Ansbach the French took Zweibrücken. In Ansbach, Maximilian von Montgelas wrote an elaborate concept for the future political organization of Bavaria, which is known as the Ansbacher Mémoire. Napoleon forced Prussia to cede Ansbach and its principality to Bavaria in

102-409: A small diurnal air temperature variation between day and night during winter, and with a moderate annual precipitation. Around the time of the unification of Germany in 1871, the chief manufactures of Ansbach were woollen , cotton , and half- silk goods; earthenware ; tobacco ; cutlery ; and playing cards . A considerable trade in grain, wool , and flax was also supported. By the onset of

136-574: A subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp was located here. Also during the Second World War the Luftwaffe and Wehrmacht had bases here. The nearby airbase was the home station for the Stab & I/KG53 (Staff & 1st Group of Kampfgeschwader 53) operating 38 Heinkel He 111 bombers. On 1 September 1939 this unit was one of the many that participated in the attack on Poland that started

170-636: Is designated as a bird and nature reserve . The water taken from the lake flows through a tunnel to the Brombach reservoirs , drained by the Brombach (Regnitz basin), north of the continental divide . The water of the Regnitz flows finally over the Main into the Rhine , so that with the transfer an artificial river bifurcation was created. From Treuchtlingen the Altmühl flows in its lower course through

204-502: Is fed by some streams; in the meantime the source of one of them is regarded as Altmühl origin. The Altmühl therefore rises just south of the major European watershed and then flows mainly in southeastern direction. It is the slowest river in Bavaria, flows very slowly, is even one of the slowest German rivers and is also the longest river that rises and flows in the same German state. The Altmühl can be divided into three parts. In

238-662: Is now home to a US military base and to the Ansbach University of Applied Sciences . The city has connections via autobahn A6 and highways B13 and B14 . Ansbach station is on the Nürnberg–Crailsheim and Treuchtlingen–Würzburg railways and a Station of line S4 of the Nuremberg S-Bahn . Ansbach was originally called Onoltesbach (about 790 AD), a term composed of three parts. The individual word elements are "Onold" (the city founder's name),

272-581: The First World War , it also produced machinery , toys , and embroidery . Today there is a large density of plastics industry in the city and rural districts around Ansbach. The city is known for making Peperami pork sausages and jerky. Ansbach lies on the Treuchtlingen-Würzburg railway . Ansbach is twinned with: In the novel The Schirmer Inheritance (1953) by Eric Ambler (1909–1998), Sergeant Franz Schirmer of

306-765: The Franco-Prussian treaty of alliance signed at Schönbrunn Palace on 15 December 1805 at the end of the Third Coalition . Ansbach became the capital of the Rezatkreis ('Circle of the Rezat '). Bavarian ownership was confirmed by the 1815 Congress of Vienna ; Prussia was compensated with the Bavarian Duchy of Berg . In 1837 the Rezatkreis became the circle of Middle Franconia. Following

340-601: The Suffix "-es" (a possessive ending, like "-'s" in English) and the Old High German expression "pah" or "bach" (for brook ). The name of the city has slightly changed throughout the centuries into Onoltespah (837 AD), Onoldesbach (1141 AD), Onoldsbach (1230 AD), Onelspach (1338 AD), Onsbach (1508 AD) and finally Ansbach (1732 AD). It was also formerly known as Anspach . According to folklore, towards

374-730: The unification of Germany Ansbach had a population of 12,635. Jewish families were resident in Ansbach from at least the end of the 18th century. They set up a Jewish Cemetery in the Ruglaender Strasse, which was vandalised and razed under the Nazi regime in the Kristallnacht . It was repaired in 1946, but it was damaged several times more. A plaque on the wall of the cemetery commemorates these events. The Jewish Congregation built its synagogue at No 3 Rosenbadstrasse, but it too

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408-597: The "Winden" during that period (even today, their settlements can easily identified by their names, like Meinhardswinden, Dautenwinden or Brodswinden). A Benedictine monastery was established there around 748 by the Frankish noble St Gumbertus . The adjoining village of Onoltesbach was first noticed as a proper town in 1221. The counts of Öttingen ruled over Ansbach until the Hohenzollern burgrave of Nürnberg took over in 1331. The Hohenzollerns made Ansbach

442-555: The Altmühl river have cut deep gorges into the mountains of the Franconian Jura. The Altmühl passes the towns of Treuchtlingen , Eichstätt and Beilngries . Downstream of Dietfurt , the riverbed was straightened and integrated into a canal connecting the river Main and the river Danube (the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal ). In spite of protests by conservationists, the canal was opened in 1992 and has changed much of

476-661: The American Zone. The American Military authorities established a displaced persons (DP) camp in what used to be a sanatorium in what is today the Strüth quarter. Bachwoche Ansbach has been held in Ansbach since 1947. Since 1970, Ansbach has enlarged its municipal area by incorporating adjacent communities. Ansbach hosts several units of the U.S. armed forces, associated with German units under NATO . There are five separate U.S. installations: Shipton Kaserne, home to 412th Aviation Support Battalion , Katterbach Kaserne, formerly

510-496: The Ansbach Dragoons is wounded in the battle of Preussisch-Eylau in 1807. He returns to Ansbach to settle but changes his name as he has been posted as a deserter. The bulk of the novel concerns efforts by an American law firm to trace his descendants to claim an inheritance. List of rock formations A rock formation is an isolated, scenic, or spectacular surface rock outcrop . Rock formations are usually

544-540: The Franconian Jura plateau, in whose karst limestone it has dug a narrow valley. On the steep valley slopes here sometimes bizarre rock formations , for instance the cauldron shaped washouts near the village Eßlingen, about 20m above the river level . From Dollnstein the Jura Breakthrough Valley suddenly becomes much wider. From here the Altmühl flows through an earlier valley of the larger Danube . At Rennertshofen this "Urdonautal" branches off from

578-542: The USAG Ansbach and Bleidorn Barracks, which has a library and housing, and Urlas, which hosts the Post Exchange as well as a housing area opened in 2010. Ansbach was also home to the headquarters of the 1st Armored Division (United States) from 1972 to the early 1990s. On 24 July 2016 a bomb was detonated in a restaurant in the city, killing only the bomber himself and injuring few people. The perpetrator

612-550: The canal construction costs were spent on this. The Altmühl flows into the Danube below Kelheim at Danube kilometers 2411.54. The about 34 kilometers long Altmühl section is included in the federal waterway Main-Danube Canal; In addition, the 580 meters of Altmühl above the weir Dietfurt to the MDK are a federal waterway. Along the Altmühl runs the well-marked and quite well furnished Altmühltalradweg . Canoeing can be done safely on

646-796: The eastern Altmühl valley. The Altmühl finally flows into the Danube in Kelheim . The Altmühl rises on the southern slope of the Franconian Ridge northeast of Rothenburg ob der Tauber , near the Hohe Leite and about 500m southeast of the Burgbernheim wilderness Wildbad. As its source, the Royal Bavarian Hydrotechnical Bureau at Munich in 1904 fixed the drainage ditch of Hornauer Weiher . This

680-455: The end of the 7th century a group of Franconian peasants and their families went up into the wilderness to found a new settlement. Their leader Onold led them to an area called the "Rezattal" (Rezat valley). This is where they founded the "Urhöfe" (meaning the first farms: Knollenhof, Voggenhof and Rabenhof). Gradually more settlers, such as the "Winden-Tribe" came, and the farms grew into a small village. Many villages around Ansbach were founded by

714-486: The extermination facilities Sonnenstein and Hartheim which were disguised as psychiatric institutions, as part of the Action T4 euthanasia action. They were gassed there. At the clinic in Ansbach itself, around 50 intellectually disabled children were injected with the drug Luminal and killed that way. A plaque was erected in their memory in 1988 in the local hospital at No. 38 Feuchtwangerstrasse. During World War II ,

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748-469: The home of the 1st Infantry Division's 4th Combat Aviation Brigade , also home of 501st M.I. Bn and 501st Avn Bn. which has been replaced by the 12th Combat Aviation Brigade as of 2006, as part of the 1st Infantry Division's return to Fort Riley , Kansas; Bismarck Kaserne, which functions as a satellite post to Katterbach, hosting their Post Theater, barracks, Von Steuben Community Center, Military Police, and other support agencies, Barton Barracks, home to

782-492: The present Danube valley; in the section where not the Altmühl flows in it, but only small brooks, it is called Wellheim dry valley. From the year 1910 the course of the river downstream from Unterwurmbach was straightened and regulated with numerous weirs , hence many oxbow lakes were cut off. Since then, some of the regulatory measures have been reversed, for instance near Treuchtlingen -Graben and shortly before Eichstätt at Wasserzell. Its lowermost course from Dietfurt

816-425: The result of weathering and erosion sculpting the existing rock. The term rock formation can also refer to specific sedimentary strata or other rock unit in stratigraphic and petrologic studies. A rock structure can be created in any rock type or combination: Geologists have created a number of terms to describe different rock structures in the landscape that can be formed by natural processes: Here

850-586: The river Fränkische Rezat , a tributary of the river Main . In 2020, its population was 41,681. Developed in the 8th century as a Benedictine monastery , it became the seat of the Hohenzollern family in 1331. In 1460, the Margraves of Brandenburg-Ansbach lived here. The city has a castle known as Margrafen–Schloss , built between 1704 and 1738. It was not badly damaged during the World Wars and hence retains its original historical baroque sheen. Ansbach

884-519: The river itself. [REDACTED] Media related to Altmühl at Wikimedia Commons Ansbach Ansbach ( / ˈ æ n z b æ k / ANZ -bak , German: [ˈansbax] ; East Franconian : Anschba ) is a city in the German state of Bavaria . It is the capital of the administrative region of Middle Franconia . Ansbach is 40 kilometers (25 miles) southwest of Nuremberg and 140 kilometers (90 miles) north of Munich , on

918-624: The seat of their dynasty until their acquisition of the Margraviate of Brandenburg in 1415. After the 1440 death of Frederick I , a cadet branch of the family established itself as the margraves of Ansbach . George the Pious introduced the Protestant Reformation to Ansbach in 1528, leading to Gumbertus Abbey's secularization in 1563. The Markgrafenschloß was built between 1704 and 1738. Its gardens continued to be

952-685: The town to surrender to the US Forces without a fight. He was betrayed by Hitler Youth and was hanged from the portal of the City Hall by the city's military commander, Col. ( Oberst ) Ernst Meyer. Several memorials to his heroic deed have been erected over the years, despite opposition from some residents — in the Ludwigskirche, in the Gymnasium Carolinum and at No 6 Kronenstrasse. After the Second World War, Ansbach belonged to

986-495: The upper third, it is a meadow river slowly flowing in a broad valley . The landscape is flat, slightly hilly and the ground consists mainly of rocks of the Keuper period, here mainly limestone and clay . The mudstone seals the subsoil , therefore, the Altmühl in its upper reaches is a not-too- broad stream . In its middle course flows the Altmühl in the north and east on Altmühlsee at Gunzenhausen over. The riverbed

1020-746: The war. All of its bridges were destroyed during the course of the war. During the Western Allied invasion of Germany in April 1945, the airfield was seized by the United States Third Army , and used by the USAAF 354th Fighter Group which flew P-47 Thunderbolts from the aerodrome (designated ALG R-82 ) from late April until the German capitulation on 7 May 1945. At the end of the war, 19-year-old student Robert Limpert tried to get

1054-558: Was damaged by the SA, though it was not burnt down for fear of damaging the neighbouring buildings. It serves today as a "Symbolic House of God". A plaque in the entrance serves as a memorial to the synagogue and to Jewish residents who were murdered during the Holocaust. In 1940, at least 500 patients were deported from the Heil- und Pflegeanstalt Ansbach [ Ansbach Medical and Nursing Clinic ] to

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1088-643: Was expanded in the middle of the 19th century with 10 locks to become a part of the Ludwig-Danube-Main Canal . The same route was used from 1975 to 1991 for the construction of the Rhine–Main–Danube Canal , a major shipping route with locks in Riedenburg and Kelheim. For the first time in a waterway construction project in Europe, landscaping plans for ecological measures were set up in order to replace nature and landscape interventions; 15% of

1122-669: Was rebuilt here during the construction of the Altmühlsee in the 1980s. On the southern shore of the Altmühlsee, the course of the river crosses the Altmühlüberleiter underground . Only at times of high water discharge does water flow from the Altmühl over the Altmühlzuleiter into the Altmühlsee, which was created as a reservoir to divert water from the Altmühl to the drier river system of the Regnitz . This lake

1156-519: Was reported to be a Syrian refugee whose asylum application had been rejected but who had been given exceptional leave to remain until the security situation in Syria returned to a safe condition. Witnesses reported he had tried to enter a nearby music festival but had been turned away, before detonating his device outside a nearby wine bar. Ansbach has a transitional temperate - continental climate ( Köppen climate classification : Cfb / Dfb ), with

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