37-908: Scandinavian satellite and internet TV provider Allente [REDACTED] Company type Joint venture Industry Pay television Telecommunications Predecessors Canal Digital Viasat Founded May 5, 2020 ; 4 years ago ( 2020-05-05 ) Headquarters Oslo , Norway Stockholm , Sweden Areas served Denmark, Finland, Norway, Sweden And Faroe Islands Key people Jonas Gustafsson (CEO) Products Satellite television IPTV Wireless broadband Owners Viaplay Group (50%) Telenor Group (50%) Number of employees 400 (2020) Website allente .dk (Denmark) allente .fi (Finland) allente .no (Norway) allente .se (Sweden) Allente
74-439: A 2.2 percent average ROA, while wholly owned and controlled affiliates in the U.S. only realized a 0.7 percent ROA." In European law , the term "joint venture" is an exclusive legal concept, better defined under the rules of company law . In France , the term "joint venture" is variously translated as "association d'entreprises", "entreprise conjointe", "coentreprise" or "entreprise commune". A JV can be brought about in
111-713: A JV aimed at defining standards or serving as an "industry utility" that provides a narrow set of services to industry participants. Some major joint ventures include United Launch Alliance , Vevo , Hulu , Virgin Media O2 , Penske Truck Leasing , and Owens-Corning . According to Gerard Baynham of Water Street Partners, there has been much negative press about joint ventures, but objective data indicate that they may actually outperform wholly owned and controlled affiliates . He writes, "A different narrative emerged from our recent analysis of U.S. Department of Commerce (DOC) data, collected from more than 20,000 entities. According to
148-526: A company. By its formation, the JV becomes a new entity with the implications that: On the receipt of the Certificate of Incorporation, a company can commence its business. This is a legal area and is fraught with difficulty as the laws of countries differ, particularly on the enforceability of "heads of" or shareholder agreements. For some legal reasons, it may be called a Memorandum of Understanding . It
185-496: A principal disadvantage is absence of an interested and influential Chinese party. As of the 3rd Quarter of 2004, WFOEs had replaced EJVs and CJVs as follows: (*)=Financial Vventures by EJVs/CJVs (**)=Approved JVs These enterprises are formed under the Sino-Foreign Investment Act. The capital is composed of value of stock in exchange for the value of the property given to the enterprise. The liability of
222-547: Is a satellite television provider in Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden. The company is headquartered in Oslo and Stockholm and was established on 5 May 2020, as a result of a merger between Canal Digital and Viasat Consumer . The company has around 1,2 million customers and is owned 50/50 by Telenor , which owned Canal Digital, and Nordic Entertainment Group, now Viaplay Group , which owned Viasat. Allente television package
259-404: Is allowed to enter into contracts with appropriate government authorities to acquire land use rights, rent buildings, and receive utility services. In this it is more similar to a CJV than an EJV. WFOEs are expected by PRC to use the most modern technologies and to export at least 50% of their production, with all of the investment is to be wholly provided by the foreign investor and the enterprise
296-5907: Is also available via IPTV offered through partners. Additionally, Allente offers wireless broadband in Norway and Sweden. References [ edit ] ^ "Canal Digital + Viasat Consumer = Allente" . kommunikasjon.ntb.no (in Norwegian) . Retrieved 2022-06-20 . ^ "Norway's Telenor, Sweden's NENT to merge TV distribution units" . reuters.com . Retrieved 22 October 2019 . ^ "Telenor og Viasats TV-satsing skal hete Allente" . e24.no (in Norwegian Bokmål). 5 May 2020 . Retrieved 2021-04-16 . External links [ edit ] Allente Danmark Allente Suomi Allente Norge Allente Sverige v t e Cable, satellite, and other specialty television providers in Europe Cable A1 Bulgaria A1 Hrvatska Caiway Delta Digi DNA Eir Elisa Elta-Kabel ER-Telecom Euskaltel Go IPKO Kabelnoord Kazakhtelecom Kujtesa M&;H Company Magenta Telekom Magnet Networks Magyar Telekom Melita MEO Miss.Net Monaco Cable Naxoo NetCologne NOS Nowo Orange Belgium Orange Luxembourg Orange Romania Play Post Telecom Primacom R Rostelecom SBB SFR STV AS Swisscom Tango TV Telecable Tele Columbus Telekabel Telekom Srbija Telemach Telenet Tet Toya Türksat Kablo TV UPC Switzerland Virgin Media Ireland Virgin TV Vodafone Czech Republic Vodafone Deutschland Vodafone España Vodafone Hungary Vodafone Romania VodafoneZiggo VOO WightFibre YouSee Ziggo Satellite A1 Bulgaria A1 Hrvatska Allente Bis Télévisions Bulsatcom Canal+ Canal+ Polska Canal Digitaal Cosmote TV D-Smart Digi DigitAlb Digiturk Focus Sat Fransat Freesat HD+ MAXtv (Hrvatski Telekom) La TV d'Orange M7 Magio TV MagtiCom MEO Movistar Plus+ NOS Nova NTV Plus Orange Polska Orange Romania Orange Slovakia Polsat Box Saorsat Sky Germany Sky Ireland Sky Italy Skylink Sky UK Telekom Hungary Telekom Srbija Télésat tivùsat Total TV Tricolor TV Turksat TV Vlaanderen Viasat Ukraine Vivacom Fiber / IPTV A1 Bulgaria A1 Hrvatska A1 Telekom Austria Allente Altibox Amis Andorra Telecom Beeline Bouygues Telecom Bulsatcom Cytavision EE TV eir Vision Free HT Eronet iNES KPN La TV d'Orange Magenta TV Magnet Networks MagtiCom MAXtv (Hrvatski Telekom) MEO Moja TV Moldtelecom Movistar Plus+ Nova Odido Orange España Orange Polska PrimeTel Proximus TV Scarlet SFR Síminn Smart Telecom Sunrise TV Super TV T-2 TalkTalk TV Telekom Srbija Telenor Telia Telia Digital-tv Teo LT TIMvision Tivibu Turkcell TV+ Vivacom Vodafone Greece Vodafone Ireland Vodafone Italy Vodafone North Cyprus Vodafone Portugal Vodafone Turkey XS4ALL YouView Ziggo Terrestrial BoxerTV (SE) Digea (GR) Digitenne (NL) EVOtv (Hrvatski Telekom) (HR) Freeview (UK) GO (MT) PlusTV (FI) PTDT (PT) RiksTV (NO) Saorview (IE) TDT (ES) TNT (FR) TV Vlaanderen (BE) Defunct @Home Akta Alice Home TV Alpha Digital Athina Sat blizoo Boom Extrasatelit Bragatel BSB Canal+ Spain Canal Digital Casema CenterTelecom Com Hem CTV Easy TV Get Infostrada TV Invitel ITV Digital Joyne Kosmos-TV Kabel BW Madritel Mediaset Premium N Neuf Cegetel TV North-West Telecom Numericable ONO On Telecoms Real Digital Quiero Television Radijus Vektor Southern Telecom Stream TV Starman TDC Tele2Vision Telfort TVTEL TV di FASTWEB Unitymedia UPC France UPC Hungary Ziggo UPC Poland UPC Romania Uralsvyazinform Viasat VolgaTelecom Wind Vision Middle East, Africa, Asia and Oceania Americas Canada Latin America and
333-604: Is described below. The EJV Law is between a Chinese partner and a foreign company. It is incorporated in both Chinese (official) and in English (with equal validity), with limited liability. Prior to China's entry into WTO – and thus the WFOEs – EJVs predominated. In the EJV mode, the partners share profits, losses, and risk in equal proportion to their respective contributions to the venture's registered capital. These escalate upwardly in
370-569: Is different from Wikidata Joint venture A joint venture ( JV ) is a business entity created by two or more parties, generally characterized by shared ownership , shared returns and risks , and shared governance. Companies typically pursue joint ventures for one of four reasons: to access a new market, particularly emerging market ; to gain scale efficiencies by combining assets and operations; to share risk for major investments or projects; or to access skills and capabilities. Most joint ventures are incorporated, although some, as in
407-470: Is done in parallel with other activities in forming a JV. Though dealt with briefly for a shareholders' agreement , some issues must be dealt with here as a preamble to the discussion that follows. There are also many issues which are not in the Articles when a company starts up or never ever present. Also, a JV may elect to stay as a JV alone in a "quasi partnership" to avoid any nonessential disclosure to
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#1732782942785444-470: Is what will happen if the firm is dissolved, if one of the partners dies, or if the firm is sold. Often, the most successful JVs are those with 50:50 partnership with each party having the same number of directors but rotating control over the firm, or rights to appoint the Chairperson and Vice-chair of the company. Sometimes a party may give a separate trusted person to vote in its place proxy vote of
481-515: Is within his total control. WFOEs are typically limited liability enterprises. Like with EJVs, but the liability of the directors, managers, advisers, and suppliers depends on the rules which govern the Departments or Ministries which control product liability, worker safety or environmental protection. An advantage the WFOE enjoys over its alternates is enhanced protection of its know-how but
518-486: The World Trade Organization (WTO) around 2001 has had profound effects on foreign investment. Not being a JV, they are considered here only in comparison or contrast. To implement WTO commitments, China publishes from time to time updated versions of its "Catalogs Investments" (affecting ventures) prohibited, restricted. The WFOE is a Chinese legal person and has to obey all Chinese laws. As such, it
555-464: The oil and gas industry , are "unincorporated" joint ventures that mimic a corporate entity. With individuals, when two or more persons come together to form a temporary partnership for the purpose of carrying out a particular project, such partnership can also be called a joint venture where the parties are " co-venturers ". The venture can be a business JV (for example, Dow Corning), a project/asset JV intended to pursue one specific project only, or
592-450: The "constitution" of a company in these countries. The articles of association regulate the interaction between shareholders and the directors of a company and can be a lengthy document of up to 700,000 or so pages. It deals with the powers relegated by the stockholders to the directors and those withheld by them, requiring the passing of ordinary resolutions , special resolutions and the holding of Extraordinary General Meetings to bring
629-1210: The Caribbean United States Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Allente&oldid=1234752183 " Categories : Companies based in Oslo Companies based in Stockholm Direct broadcast satellite services Internet service providers of Norway Internet service providers of Sweden Mass media companies established in 2020 Nordic Entertainment Group Telenor Telecommunications companies established in 2020 Television broadcasting companies of Norway Television in Denmark Television in Finland Television in Sweden Hidden categories: CS1 Norwegian-language sources (no) CS1 Norwegian Bokmål-language sources (nb) Articles with short description Short description
666-459: The DOC data, foreign joint ventures of U.S. companies realized a 5.5 percent average return on assets (ROA), while those companies' wholly owned and controlled affiliates (the vast majority of which are wholly owned) realized a slightly lower 5.2 percent ROA. The same story holds true for investments by foreign companies in the U.S., but the difference is more pronounced. U.S.-based joint ventures realized
703-640: The Founder at board meetings. Recently, in a major case the Indian Supreme Court has held that Memorandums of Understanding (whose details are not in the articles of association) are "unconstitutional" giving more transparency to undertakings. A JV is not a permanent structure. It can be dissolved when: Joint ventures are risky forms of business partnerships . Literature in business and management has paid attention to different factors of conflict and opportunism in joint ventures, in particular
740-464: The JV's life, giving the option to the foreign investor, by holding higher equity, obtains a faster rate of return with the concurrent wish of the Chinese partner of a later larger role of maintaining long-term control. The parties in any of the ventures, EJV, CJV or WFOE prepare a feasibility study outlined above. It is a non-binding document – the parties are still free to choose not to proceed with
777-536: The US) covering know-how and trademarks and supply-of-equipment agreements. The minimum equity is prescribed for investment truncated, where the foreign equity and debt levels are: There are also intermediary levels. The foreign investment in the total project must be at least 25%. No minimum investment is set for the Chinese partner. The timing of investments must be mentioned in the Agreement and failure to invest in
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#1732782942785814-461: The cases, the status of the formed enterprise is that of a legal Chinese person which can hire labor directly as, for example, a Chinese national contactor. The minimum of the capital is registered at various levels of investment. Other differences from the EJV are to be noted: Convenience and flexibility are the characteristics of this type of investment. It is therefore easier to find co-operative partners and to reach an agreement. With changes in
851-622: The death of Mao Zedong in 1976, initiatives in foreign trade began to be applied, and law applicable to foreign direct investment was made clear in 1979, while the first Sino-foreign equity venture took place in 2001. The corpus of the law has improved since then. Companies with foreign partners can carry out manufacturing and sales operations in China and can sell through their own sales network. Foreign-Sino companies have export rights which are not available to wholly Chinese companies, as China desires to import foreign technology by encouraging JVs and
888-503: The directors' decision to bear. A Certificate of Incorporation or the Articles of Incorporation is a document required to form a corporation in the U.S. (in actuality, the state where it is incorporated) and in countries following the practice. In the US, the "constitution" is a single document. The Articles of Incorporation is again a regulation of the directors by the stock-holders in
925-471: The following major ways: In the UK , India , and in many common law countries, a joint-venture (or else a company formed by a group of individuals) must file its memorandum of association with the appropriate authority. This is a statutory document which informs the public of its existence. It may be viewed by the public at the office in which it is filed. Together with the articles of association , it forms
962-423: The government or the public. Some of the issues in a shareholders' agreement are: There are many features which have to be incorporated into the shareholders' agreement which is quite private to the parties as they start off. Normally, it requires noтуОЧ submission to any authority. The other basic document which must be articulated is the Articles, which is a published document and known to members. This repeats
999-567: The indicated time, draws a penalty. Co-operative Joint Ventures (CJVs) are permitted under the Sino-Foreign Co-operative Joint Ventures. Co-operative enterprises are also called Contractual Operative Enterprises. The CJVs may have a limited structure or unlimited – therefore, there are two versions. The limited-liability version is similar to the EJVs in status of permissions – the foreign investor provides
1036-602: The influence of parent control structure, ownership change, and volatile environment. Government procurement regulations, such as the Federal Acquisition Regulation (FAR) in the United States, may specify how joint ventures are to be approached as suppliers or confirm that a joint venture or other form of contractor partnering is seen as a "desirable" arrangement for supplying to government. The FAR states that The Government will recognize
1073-405: The integrity and validity of contractor team arrangements [including joint ventures], provided the arrangements are identified and company relationships are fully disclosed in an offer or, for arrangements entered into after submission of an offer, before the arrangement becomes effective. The Government will not normally require or encourage the dissolution of contractor team arrangements. Under
1110-719: The latest technologies. Under Chinese law, foreign enterprises are divided into several basic categories. Of these, five will be described or mentioned here: three relate to industry and services and two as vehicles for foreign investment. Those five categories of Chinese foreign enterprises are: the Sino-Foreign Equity Joint Ventures (EJVs), Sino-Foreign Co-operative Joint Ventures (CJVs), Wholly Foreign-Owned Enterprises (WFOE), although they do not strictly belong to Joint Ventures, plus foreign investment companies limited by shares (FICLBS), and Investment Companies through Foreign Investors (ICFI). Each category
1147-480: The law, it becomes possible to merge with a Chinese company for a quick start. A foreign investor does not need to set up a new corporation in China. Instead, the investor uses the Chinese partner's business license, under a contractual arrangement. However, under the CJV, the land stays in the possession of the Chinese partner. There is another advantage: the percentage of the CJV owned by each partner can change throughout
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1184-402: The majority of funds and technology and the Chinese party provides land, buildings, equipment, etc. However, there are no minimum limits on the foreign partner which allows him to be a minority shareholder. The other format of the CJV is similar to a partnership where the parties jointly incur unlimited liability for the debts of the enterprise with no separate legal person being created. In both
1221-474: The project. The feasibility study must cover the fundamental technical and commercial aspects of the project, before the parties can proceed to formalize the necessary legal documentation. The study should contain details referred to earlier under Feasibility Study (submissions by the Chinese partner). There is basic law of the PRC concerning enterprises with sole foreign investment controls, WFOEs. China's entry into
1258-549: The rules applicable to public procurement in the European Union , public bodies may insist that suppliers intending to provide goods and services through a joint partnership accept joint liability for the execution of the contract. According to a 2003 report of the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development , China was the recipient of US$ 53.5 billion in direct foreign investment, making it
1295-440: The same proportion as the increase in registered capital. The JV contract accompanied by the articles of association for the EJV are the two most fundamental legal documents of the project. The Articles mirror many of the provisions of the JV contract. In case of conflict the JV document has precedence. These documents are prepared at the same time as the feasibility report. There are also the ancillary documents (termed "offsets" in
1332-435: The shareholders agreement as to the number of directors each founder can appoint to the board of directors; whether the board controls or the founders; the taking of decisions by simple majority (50%+1) of those present or a 51% or 75% majority with all directors present (their alternates/ proxy ); the deployment of funds of the firm; extent of debt; the proportion of profit that can be declared as dividends; etc. Also significant
1369-426: The world's largest recipient of direct foreign investment for the first time, to exceed the US. Also, it approved the establishment of nearly 500,000 foreign-investment enterprises. The US had 45,000 projects by 2004 with an in-place investment of over 48 billion. Until recently, no guidelines existed on how foreign investment was to be handled due to the restrictive nature of China toward foreign investors. Following
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