6-560: Artesia is the historical Latin and Spanish name of Artois in northern France. The name ultimately derived from the Belgic tribe the Atrebates . The county gave its name to Artesian wells , which were drilled there since the 12th century. Artesia may also refer to: Artois Artois ( / ɑːr ˈ t w ɑː / ar- TWAH , French: [aʁtwɑ] ; Dutch : Artesië ; Picard : Artoé; English adjective: Artesian )
12-592: A Flemish princess, Isabelle of Hainaut , and was again made a separate county in 1237 for Robert , a grandson of Isabelle. Through inheritance, Artois came under the rule of the dukes of Burgundy in 1384. At the death of the fourth duke, Charles the Bold , Artois was inherited by the Habsburgs and passed to the dynasty's Spanish line. After the religious revolts of 1566 in the Netherlands, Artois briefly entered
18-498: Is a region of northern France . Its territory covers an area of about 4,000 km and it has a population of about one million. Its principal cities include Arras (Dutch: Atrecht ), Saint-Omer , Lens , and Béthune . It is the eponym for the term Artesian . Artois occupies the interior of the Pas-de-Calais département , the western part of which constitutes the former Boulonnais . Artois roughly corresponds to
24-819: The Dutch Revolt in 1576, participating in the Pacification of Ghent until it formed the Union of Atrecht in 1579. After the Union of Atrecht, Artois and Hainaut (Dutch: Henegouwen ) reached a separate agreement with Philip II . Artois remained with the Spanish Netherlands until it was conquered by France during the Franco-Spanish War . The annexation was acknowledged during the Treaty of
30-402: The arrondissements of Arras , Béthune , Saint Omer , and Lens , and the eastern part of the arrondissement of Montreuil . It occupies the western end of the coalfield which stretches eastward through the neighbouring Nord département and across central Belgium . Originally a feudal county itself, Artois was annexed by the county of Flanders . It came to France in 1180 as a dowry of
36-658: The Pyrenees in 1659, and it became a French province. Artois had already been largely French-speaking, but it was part of the Southern Netherlands until the French annexation. Artois experienced rapid industrial development during the second half of the 19th century, fueled by its rich coal resources. During World War I , the front line between the opposing Central Powers and Allied armies in France ran through
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