The Arno is a river in the Tuscany region of Italy . It is the most important river of central Italy after the Tiber .
12-694: The river originates on Monte Falterona in the Casentino area of the Apennines , and initially takes a southward curve. The river turns to the west near Arezzo passing through Florence , Empoli and Pisa , flowing into the Ligurian Sea at Marina di Pisa . With a length of 241 kilometres (150 mi), it is the largest river in the region. It has many tributaries: Sieve at 60 kilometres (37 mi) long, Bisenzio at 49 kilometres (30 mi), Ombrone Pistoiese at 47 kilometres (29 mi), and
24-639: A few days. At the point where the Arno leaves the Apennines, flow measurements can vary between 0.56 and 4,100 cubic metres per second (20 and 144,790 cu ft/s). New dams built upstream of Florence have greatly alleviated the problem in recent years. The flood on November 4, 1966 collapsed the embankment in Florence, killing at least 40 people and damaging or destroying millions of works of art and rare books. New conservation techniques were inspired by
36-668: Is a national park in Italy . Created in 1993, it covers an area of about 368 square kilometres (142 sq mi), on the two sides of the Apennine watershed between Romagna and Tuscany, and is divided between the provinces of Forlì Cesena , Arezzo and Florence. It extends around the long ridge, descending steeply along the parallel valleys of the Romagna side and more gradually on the Tuscan side, which has gentler slopes, especially in
48-466: Is part of the Casentino forests, Monte Falterona and Campigna National Park . The peak is crossed by the borders of the provinces of Florence , Arezzo and Forlì-Cesena . The mountain, mostly composed of sandstone , is covered by beeches and, from one of its sides, the Arno River springs ( Italian : Capo d'Arno ). On the east is a grassy depression with the relic of an ancient lake known as
60-622: The Lago degli Idoli . The lake has been important from an archaeological perspective as numerous Etruscan statuettes have been found, now distributed across a number of Western museums, including the Louvre , Hermitage and British Museum . This mountain, mountain range, or peak related article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Parco nazionale delle Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona e Campigna The Parco Nazionale delle Foreste Casentinesi, Monte Falterona, Campigna
72-874: The Era , Elsa , Pesa , and Pescia . The drainage basin amounts to more than 8,200 square kilometres (3,200 sq mi) and drains the waters of the following subbasins: It crosses Florence , where it passes below the Ponte Vecchio and the Santa Trinita bridge (built by Bartolomeo Ammannati but inspired by Michelangelo ). The river flooded this city regularly in historical times, most recently in 1966 , with 4,500 cubic metres per second (160,000 cu ft/s) after rainfall of 437.2 millimetres (17.21 in) in Badia Agnano and 190 millimetres (7.5 in) in Florence, in only 24 hours. Before Pisa,
84-575: The Arno is crossed by the Imperial Canal at La Botte. This water channel passes under the Arno through a tunnel, and serves to drain the former area of the Lago di Bientina , which was once the largest lake in Tuscany before its reclamation. The flow rate of the Arno is irregular. It is sometimes described as having a torrentlike behaviour, because it can easily go from almost dry to near flood in
96-867: The Casentino area, which slopes down gradually to the broad valley of the Arno. On 7 July 2017, in Kraków , the UNESCO Commission included the Sasso Fratino Integral Nature Reserve and the Beech Forests included in the perimeter of the park, in the World Heritage List within the serial site Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe . A large part of
108-563: The area around Florence are alien species. These include the European catfish , channel catfish , Crucian carp , common bleak , topmouth gudgeon , New Zealand mud snail , and killer shrimp . The mud crab has been found in the river near Pisa. Water from the Arno drainage basin is used for drinking water, irrigation, and firefighting. Citizens in the central part of the drainage basin also identified flood control, support for biodiversity, fisheries, and cultural value as other services that
120-540: The disaster, but even decades later hundreds of works still await restoration. From Latin Arnus (Pliny, Natural History 3.50). The philologist Hans Krahe related this toponym on a paleo-European basis *Ar-n- , derived from the Proto-Indo-European root * er- , "flow, move". The Arno river has been strongly affected by non-native species: over 90% of fish species and 70% of macroinvertebrate species in
132-619: The park is woodland . In the park there are areas the mountain vegetation, all types of woodland of the lower sub-mountain belt vegetation. In the forest dominated by hornbeams , turkey oaks and sessile oaks , chestnut woods (especially in the Camaldoli area and at Castagno d’Andrea on the Florentine side). In rocky places there are some of the remaining rare cork oaks. Flora inside the park includes 48 tree and shrub species and over 1000 herbaceous species. The most valuable collection
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#1732764747719144-515: The river provides. There is the risk that flooding will jeopardize these ecosystem services , as 9% of wastewater treatment plants, 10% of landfills or other waste sites, and 4.5% of contaminated sites are at high risk of flooding, which would produce hotspots of pollution. Monte Falterona Monte Falterona is a mountain in the Tuscan-Romagnolo Apennines , in the Casentino traditional region, standing at 1,654 m. It
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