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27-604: The AHPRA is intended to facilitate public safety of health practice in Australia, and is used to assess the qualifications of overseas health practitioners. According to the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme , it is required to be registered with the AHPRA to self-identify with one of the "protected titles" set out in the legislation, and it is an offence to do so without registration. The AHPRA maintains

54-529: A sic' , emerged in 1889, E. Belfort Bax 's work in The Ethics of Socialism being an early example. On occasion, sic has been misidentified as an acronym (and therefore sometimes misspelled with periods): s.i.c. is said to stand for "spelled/said in copy/context", "spelling is correct", "spelled incorrectly", and other such folk etymology phrases. These are all incorrect and are simply backronyms from sic . Use of sic greatly increased in

81-476: A tribunal hearing, and at any stage of the process the complaint to advance immediately to a tribunal hearing. Unlike the other stages, a tribunal hearing outcome is made to the public, and a tribunal typically consists of "a District Court judge, two medical practitioners and a lay person, specifically appointed to consider the evidence". According to AHPRA, in 2021 there were 10,147 notifications about 7,858 health practitioners, and 1.6% of those registered were

108-530: A criminal history check, where individuals must inform the national board under application jurisdiction if they have been "charged with an offence punishable by 12 months imprisonment or more, or convicted or found guilty of an offence punishable by imprisonment in Australia and/or overseas". There exists a dispute resolution process with the Australian Criminal Intelligence Commission and relevant police departments, if

135-575: A health service", in violation of the National Code of Conduct for health care workers by behaving in an incompetent, exploitative, predatory or illegal manner. Martin Fletcher has been the chief executive officer of the AHPRA since its inception. According to a 2011 publication, "Australia is [ sic ] the first country in the world to have a national registration and accreditation scheme regulating health practitioners." As of 2022,

162-441: A parenthetical sentence only when used after a complete sentence, like so: ( Sic. ) Some guides, including The Chicago Manual of Style , recommend "quiet copy-editing " (unless where inappropriate or uncertain) instead of inserting a bracketed sic , such as by substituting in brackets the correct word in place of the incorrect word or by simply replacing an incorrect spelling with the correct one. Alternatively, to show both

189-408: A public register of those registered and related qualifications accessible from their website. The AHPRA is responsible for hearing and investigating complaints (which are legally termed "notifications") of "performance, health and conduct" by those registered. The AHPRA is also responsible for hearing complaints about unregistered professions, which includes "unregistered health care workers who provide

216-498: A student registration. Medical graduates applying from New Zealand are treated with the same registration standards as Australians, differing from the international registration process. As of 22 July 2021, there are separate fees for both registration and application. Initial registration and application fees for general, specialist and limited registrations is $ 835 AUD , with some categories of New South Wales registrations receiving rebates. The registration process includes

243-403: Is most often inserted into quoted or reprinted material to indicate meticulous accuracy in reproducing the preceding text, despite appearances to the reader of an incorrect or unusual orthography ( spelling , punctuation , grammar, syntax, fact, logic, etc.). Several usage guides recommend that a bracketed sic be used primarily as an aid to the reader, not as an indicator of disagreement with

270-426: Is to inform the reader that any errors in a quotation did not arise from editorial errors in the transcription, but are intentionally reproduced as they appear in the source text being quoted; thus, sic is placed inside brackets to indicate it is not part of the quotation. Sic can also be used derisively to direct the reader's attention to the writer's spelling mistakes and erroneous logic, or to show disapproval of

297-541: The National Registration and Accreditation Scheme : As of June 2022, although there exists guidelines under the AHPRA for "medical practitioners who perform cosmetic medical and surgical procedures", the term "surgeon" and related terms like "cosmetic surgeon" are not "protected titles". This meant that registered medical practitioners in Australia could these titles even when having different training and qualifications. A public consultation about this began on 1 December 2021 via Engage Victoria , an online platform run by

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324-588: The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners identified the main issues with the AHPRA as being "communication, transparency and timeliness of the complaints mechanism, and the importance of appropriate recognition of the impacts of assessment and investigation on a practitioner’s mental health". Over a four-year period, researchers identified 16 suicides and a further four instances of attempted suicide or self-harm among health care workers subject to regulatory notifications. Submissions for

351-575: The Victoria government department of health, which closed feedback submissions on 1 April 2022. Each regulated health profession is represented by a national board, of which there are 15, along with 21 specialist organisations. There are four categories of registration conducted through the Medical Board of Australia , depending on training and expertise, including "general", "specialist", "provisional", "limited" and "non-practicing", along with

378-531: The 2021 senate inquiry were extended to March 2022, with the final senate report being released on 1 April 2022. The senate inquiry resulted in 14 recommendations, including improving the complaints process, more flexible re-registration after a period of absence, and the regulation of surgeons, social workers, aged care workers and personal care workers along with adding these professions to the list of "protected titles". Sic We are prepared, under appropriate circumstances, to provide information bearing on

405-450: The AHPRA regulates 16 medical professions in Australia. 12 of these were enacted under the National Registration and Accreditation Scheme on 1 July 2010, listed exactly as: In July 2012, this was expanded to include 4 additional professions: The set of "protected titles" also includes common variations on these profession titles. As of June 2022, the following professions are not regulated by, and do not have "protected titles", under

432-680: The content or form of the material. In the English language, the Latin adverb sic is used as an adverb, and derivatively as a noun and as a verb. The adverb sic , meaning 'intentionally so written', first appeared in English c.  1856 . It is derived from the Latin adverb sīc , which means 'so', 'thus', 'in this manner'. According to the Oxford English Dictionary , the verbal form of sic , meaning 'to mark with

459-429: The correct form when using recte . A third alternative is to follow an error with sic , a comma or colon, "read", and the correct reading, all within square brackets, as in the following example: Item 26 - 'Plan of space alongside Evinghews [sic: read Evening News] Printing Works and overlooked by St. Giles House University Hall', [Edinburgh] Public Interest Disclosure Act Public Interest Disclosure Act

486-618: The credibly [ sic ] and veracity of any such source. Irin Carmon quoting a law firm The Latin adverb sic ( / s ɪ k / ; thus , so , and in this manner ) inserted after a quotation indicates that the quoted matter has been transcribed or translated as found in the source text, including erroneous, archaic, or unusual spelling, punctuation , and grammar . Sic also applies to any surprising assertion, faulty reasoning, or other matter that might be interpreted as an error of transcription . The typical editorial usage of Sic

513-499: The following example from Fred Rodell 's 1955 book Nine Men : [I]n 1951, it was the blessing bestowed on Judge Harold Medina 's prosecution [ sic ] of the eleven so-called 'top native Communists,' which blessing meant giving the Smith Act the judicial nod of constitutionality. Where sic follows the quotation, it takes brackets : [ sic ]. The word sic is often treated as a loanword that does not require italics, and

540-547: The long amount of time taken to resolve complaints. There was an investigation in 2014 following complaints to the AHPRA about how complaints are managed, including a lack of transparency over the complaint review process, and delays in investigations, with one case taking 2,368 days to resolve. There have been senate inquiries (see Australian Senate committees ) by the Parliament of Australia in 2011, 2017 and 2021 over related issues. The 2021 public submission of support from

567-639: The mid-20th century. For example, in United States state-court opinions before 1944, sic appeared 1,239 times in the Westlaw database; in those from 1945 to 1990, it appeared 69,168 times, over 55 times as many. Its use as a form of ridicule has been cited as a major factor in this increase. The immoderate use of sic has created some controversy, leading some editors, including bibliographical scholar Simon Nowell-Smith and literary critic Leon Edel , to speak out against it. The bracketed form [ sic ]

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594-552: The original and the suggested correction (as they often are in palaeography ), one may give the actual form, followed by recte , then the correct form, in brackets. The Latin adverb recte means rightly . An Iraqi battalion has consumed [ recte assumed] control of the former American military base, and our forces are now about 40 minutes outside the city. According to the Journal of Seventeenth-Century Music Style Sheet , there should be no punctuation, for example no colon, before

621-424: The result of a criminal history check prevents registration under the AHPRA. In the AHPRA, complaints are termed "notifications". The complaints process includes several stages, which may advance a stage, result in disciplinary action, a fast-track process called "immediate action", or the complaint may be dropped. The stages include a receipt of the complaint, preliminary assessment, investigation, panel hearing, and

648-420: The source. Sic may show that an uncommon or archaic expression is reported faithfully, such as when quoting the U.S. Constitution : "The House of Representatives shall chuse [ sic ] their Speaker ..." However, several writing guidebooks discourage its use with regard to dialect, such as in cases of American and British English spelling differences . The appearance of a bracketed sic after

675-550: The style manuals of New Zealand, Australian and British media outlets generally do not require italicisation. However, italicization is common in the United States, where authorities including APA Style insist upon it. Because sic is not an abbreviation, placing a full stop /period inside the brackets after the word sic is erroneous, although the California Style Manual suggests styling it as

702-636: The subject of a complaint. According to Sharon Russell, "many medical practitioners will be the subject of an AHPRA complaint at some stage during their career". Complaints can be made online via the AHPRA website, by mail, telephone or attending an office. There is also a whistleblower policy governed under the Public Interest Disclosure Act 2013 where anonymous complaints can be made for serious misconduct. The AHPRA has been subject to criticism, including for medical right to privacy and informed consent of those registered, and

729-440: The word analyse in a book review led Bryan A. Garner to comment, "all the quoter (or overzealous editor) [sic] demonstrated was ignorance of British usage". Occasionally a writer places [ sic ] after their own words, to indicate that the language has been chosen deliberately for special effect, especially where the writer's ironic meaning may otherwise be unclear. Bryan A. Garner dubbed this use of sic "ironic", providing

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