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70-467: BREIN brings together organizations or rights holders in the entertainment industry, such as film and recording studios. Those are amongst others: Tim (Timotheus Jacobus) Kuik, a law graduate of the University of Amsterdam (1982), oversaw the activities of BREIN from its inception. He assumed leadership of BREIN in 1999 after returning to his native Netherlands from Los Angeles , where he had headed

140-504: A metropolitan institution, the University of Amsterdam has always been housed in old and new buildings scattered throughout the capital. Because UvA is not a separate, secluded campus, students and city residents readily mix, allowing Amsterdam to maintain close cultural and academic ties to the school. The majority of UvA's buildings lie in the heart of Amsterdam, with only the faculties of Science, Medicine and Dentistry located outside

210-413: A torrent -based file sharing site at BREIN's request and hand over the personal details of its owner to BREIN. The court found XS Network liable for damages for copyright infringement and ordered it to disclose information about the site owner. The ruling was seen as a precedent in that it held hosting providers legally responsible for not complying with requests of industry interest groups in advance of

280-902: A bequest from Trudie Vervoort-Jaarsma to the university established the Julia Henriëtte Jaarsma-Adolfs scholarship fund for assisting students pursuing an LLM in the law faculty. The bequest of €4 million was the largest single donation left to a Dutch university by a private citizen and was made to honor her mother's legal career. A second scholarship in the name of Vervoort-Jaarsma's daughter, Madeleine Vervoort, provides travel funds to students. The Faculty of Medicine ( Dutch : Faculteit der Geneeskunde ) (FdG), each year, approximately 350 first-year students begin their study of medicine at Amsterdam UMC . The first, three-year phase consists mainly of thematic teaching. The second, also three-year phase consists of training internships in and outside of Amsterdam UMC. In terms of research,

350-600: A civil court case which BREIN filed in the Netherlands against the founders of The Pirate Bay, on 22 October 2009 the Amsterdam District Court ruled that The Pirate Bay was not making a direct infringement but its facilitating activities amount to an unlawful act. The Court ordered The Pirate Bay to remove a list of torrents that link to copyright-protected works in the Netherlands and to make these torrents on its websites inaccessible for Internet users in

420-656: A compensation for process costs. On March 23, 2024, the Dutch pirate site blocklist has been reported to now include Anna's Archive and Library Genesis , based on a request by BREIN. After a series of allegations that Usenet community Fill Threads Database (FTD) was acting illegally, the Dutch FTD started a lawsuit against BREIN in May 2009. BREIN president Tim Kuik alleged in a Dutch newspaper that "Although they [FTD] are not carrying illegal content on their servers, what FTD does

490-407: A constraint on the university's growth. In 1961, the national government made the university a national university, giving it its current name, the University of Amsterdam. Funding was now given by the national government instead of the city and the appointment of professors was transferred to the board of governors. The city of Amsterdam retained a limited influence until 1971, when the appointment

560-644: A court order from the Rotterdam District Court for a Dutch ISP to block the Library Genesis and Anna's Archive shadow libraries , thus expanding the existing blocklist under the 2021 covenant. The court issued a dynamic blocking order covering all future domains. In April 2024, Kuik retired and was replaced by Bastiaan van Ramshorst, a business law graduate (2000) and a member of the International Association for

630-513: A court order. In October 2020, BREIN won its ten-year-long lawsuit against three internet service providers (ISPs) – Ziggo , KPN and XS4ALL – when a Lelystad court ordered the ISPs to block The Pirate Bay. In March 2021, the BREIN employee Bastiaan van Ramshorst sent a copy of the blocking order against TPB to Google , although the company had not been named in it. In November 2021, BREIN and

700-477: A dean. Teaching and research are carried out in various departments and institutes within the individual faculties. UvA has an annual budget of €600 million (approximately $ 850 million),. In 1992, the board of governors of the University of Amsterdam set up the UvA Holding BV in order to bring its commercial activities into a form that is compatible with private law. The University of Amsterdam holds all

770-609: A monastery chapel around 1470, but was later converted for use by the Athenaeum Illustre in 1631. The Agnes Gate in front of the Agnietenkapel is a major symbol of the university and dates back to 1571. It was renovated and moved to its current location in 1631. Another area is a former hospital converted into university buildings, the Binnengasthuis , which is considered the heart of UvA. The Maagdenhuis

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840-832: A paper titled How the East Was Won: Legal Aspects of the Entertainment Business in Russia at a conference there. By the time of its publication in summer 1999 under the changed title Piracy in Russia: An Epidemic , Kuik was listed as the General Director of BREIN. On 30 July 2009, an Amsterdam civil law court ruled in favour of BREIN in its lawsuit over copyright infringement against the three alleged operators of The Pirate Bay (TPB), who were not officially summoned by

910-561: A wide area of research and education. Research at the Faculty of Science covers the full width of the beta sciences. Spread across eight institutes, the main topics are astronomy, physics, mathematics, information sciences, life sciences, chemistry and biology. The Faculty of Science offers 28 degree programmes for students, 7 of which are a joint degree with the Vrije Universiteit. There are 51 different nationalities studying at

980-758: Is a public research university located in Amsterdam , Netherlands . Established in 1632 by municipal authorities, it is the fourth-oldest academic institution in the Netherlands still in operation. The UvA is one of two large, publicly funded research universities in the city, the other being the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (VU). It is also part of the largest research universities in Europe with 31,186 students, 4,794 staff, 1,340 PhD students and an annual budget of €600 million. It

1050-855: Is accredited by the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science , which grants accreditation to institutions who meet a national system of regulations and quality assurance controls. The Ministry has given it WO, or research university status. Dutch students must complete a six-year preparatory program to gain admission to national research universities. Only fifteen percent of students pass this preparatory program. In terms of tuition in 2015–2016, EU full-time students are charged €1,951 per year for both Bachelor's and Master's programs, part-time students are charged €1,696 and non- EU students are charged between €9,000-€25,000 per year for Bachelor's programs and €10,500-€25,000 for Master's and Doctoral programs. Costs for non- EU students varies depending on

1120-535: Is also part of the Faculty of Humanities, with the centre holding one of Europe's largest collections on Latin American information and publishing the European Review of Latin American and Caribbean Studies (ERLACS) academic journal . The Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences ( Dutch : Faculteit der Maatschappij- en Gedragswetenschappen ) (FMG) is the largest educational and research institution in

1190-669: Is divided into two 20-week semesters. The first of these ends in late January and the second begins in early February. There are no mid-term breaks, only a short holiday around Christmas and New Year as well as Dutch National holidays. Demographics of the student body In 2010, the university had an enrolment of 32,739 students: 20,185 undergraduate students , 9,361 master's students , 1,235 doctoral students, and 412 post-doctoral students . Of all students, 66% are Dutch citizens and 34% are international students . UvA has over 2,500 international students and researchers that come from over 100 countries. Full-time students comprised 91% of

1260-433: Is one of the largest dentistry education and training programmes in the world, with 500 staff members, an annual new-student enrolment of 128 and a total student body of 1000. It consists of three departments. In terms of research, the faculty produced 228 academic publications in 2009. The University of Amsterdam is headed by an executive board. The university is then divided into seven faculties, with each faculty headed by

1330-483: Is simply criminal". FTD is suing for a retraction of this libelous statement and demands a declaration from the courts that its activities are entirely within the law. On February 9, 2011, the Dutch District Court of Haarlem ruled, that FTD had acted unlawfully and issued an injunction. FTD was obliged to ban all references to files of BREIN members. The court also ruled that Tim Kuik was free to expose

1400-429: Is the largest university in the Netherlands by enrollment. The main campus is located in central Amsterdam , with a few faculties located in adjacent boroughs . The university is organised into seven faculties: Humanities , Social and Behavioural Sciences , Economics and Business , Science , Law , Medicine , Dentistry . Close ties are harbored with other institutions internationally through its membership in

1470-485: Is the current headquarters of UvA and HvA administration. The building was built between 1783 and 1787 and was formerly an orphanage. The Oost-Indisch Huis , the former headquarters of the Dutch East India Company was built in 1606 and now used by UvA. The Oudemanhuispoort was made a university building in 1880. It was constructed in 1602 as a retirement house and now houses some departments of

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1540-571: Is the largest humanities faculty in the Netherlands. It was established in 1997 after a merger of the Faculty of Language and Culture, the Faculty of Theology and the Faculty of Philosophy. In 2011, the faculty was ranked number one in the Netherlands for Philosophy and Linguistics with international ranking in these areas of 37th and 22nd respectively. In terms of research, the faculty produced 726 academic publications in 2009. The Centre for Latin American Research and Documentation (CEDLA)

1610-619: The Hogeschool van Amsterdam . In 2008, the University of Amsterdam and VU University jointly founded the Amsterdam University College (AUC), an interuniversity institute that offers a three-year Bachelor (Honors) program in the Liberal Arts and Sciences. In February 2015, the university experienced occupations of two of their buildings in protest over proposed budget cuts. These budget cuts occurred in

1680-599: The Athenaeum Illustre . In 1815 it was given the statutory obligation “to disseminate taste, civilisation and learning" and “to replace, at least in part, the institutes of higher education and an academic education for those young men whose circumstances unable them to fully spend the time necessary for an academic career at an institute of higher education.” The Athenaeum began offering classes for students attending non-academic professional training in pharmacy and surgery in 1800. The Athenaeum Illustre largely worked together with Amsterdam's theological institutions such as

1750-541: The Black Death . Another rumor is that they represent three fords in the River Amstel . These two explanations have no historical basis, however. It is believed by historians that the coat of arms of Amsterdam is derived from the coat of arms of Jan Persijn, the lord of Amsterdam between 1280 and 1282. The "U" represents the word "university" while the colours and three crosses represent the city of Amsterdam. As

1820-524: The City Centre . The university lies within the largest megalopolis in the Netherlands, the Randstad , with a population 7.2 million inhabitants. The administration of the school and most of the faculties are located in the historic City Centre of Amsterdam, within the canal ring which is itself a UNESCO World Heritage Site . The facilities in this area date from as early as the 15th century to

1890-845: The Evangelisch-Luthers Seminarium (evangelical-Lutheran) and the Klinische School (medical school), the successor to the Collegium Chirurgicum . The Athenaeum remained a small institution until the 19th century, with no more than 250 students and eight professors. Alumni of the Athenaeum include Cornelis Petrus Tiele . In 1877, the Athenuem Illustre became the Municipal University of Amsterdam and received

1960-718: The League of European Research Universities (LERU), the Institutional Network of the Universities from the Capitals of Europe (UNICA), European University Association (EUA) and Universitas 21 . The University of Amsterdam has produced six Nobel Laureates and five prime ministers of the Netherlands. In January 1632, the Athenaeum Illustre of Amsterdam (Latin: Illustrious School of Amsterdam)

2030-614: The Motion Picture Association 's global anti-piracy programme from 1996. He had originally worked for CIC Video , a joint venture between Paramount Pictures and Universal Pictures which represented a change in policy from attempts to ban VHS , and led MPA's anti-piracy activities in Europe from 1992, which included interventions in Hungary and Bulgaria . Before leaving Los Angeles, on 21 February 1998 he presented

2100-544: The social and behavioural sciences in the Netherlands. The faculty has approximately 10,000 students and 1,200 staff members. The Faculty is home to six departments: Political Science , Sociology and Anthropology , Communication Science , Psychology , Social Geography , Planning and International Development Studies , and Educational sciences. The faculty was ranked the best in the Netherlands in 2011 for Sociology and Geography with international rankings in these areas of 33rd and 40th respectively. In terms of research,

2170-471: The 21st-century. Architectural styles represented include the Dutch Renaissance , Dutch Baroque , Art Deco , Amsterdam School , and International style . The Agnietenkapel , Maagdenhuis , Oost-Indisch Huis , Bushuis , and Oudemanhuispoort are designated as Rijksmonumenten (national monuments). The 15th century Agnietenkapel , where the university was founded was first constructed as

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2240-512: The Dutch Copyright Federation concluded an official covenant -type agreement with six ISPs (Ziggo, KPN, Delta Fiber , T-Mobile , Canal+ and NLConnect), negotiated with the support of the Dutch Ministry of Justice and Security , in which all the participating operators agreed to block a website if one of them received a blocking order against it. BREIN was charged with updating the domain lists of blocked websites, while

2310-710: The Faculty of Science. The Faculty of Science has around 6,800 students, as well as 1,700 members of staff working in education, research or support services. Around 50% of the staff are internationals. The main faculty buildings are located on the Science Park Amsterdam campus. The Faculty of Humanities ( Dutch : Faculteit der Geesteswetenschappen ) (FGw) comprises six departments: Dutch studies , History , European Studies and Religion , Archaeology and Classics , Language and Literature , Media studies , Philosophy , and Art and Cultural studies . With over 6,000 students and about 1000 employees, it

2380-507: The Faculty offers three advanced LLM programs, which are all taught in English. Research at the Faculty is undertaken by five research institutes which specialize in the following areas: International law , Private law , Environmental law , Labor law , and Information law . In terms of research, the faculty produced 451 academic publications in 2018. In the 2018 academic year, there were 41 PhD candidates, 67% of whom were female. In 2015,

2450-718: The Humanities faculty. One of the buildings of the University Library complex, the Bushuis , was built as an armory in 1606. The Faculty of Science is located on the east side of the city at the newly constructed Science Park Amsterdam . This 70-hectare (170-acre) campus contains UvA's science facilities, research institutes, student housing, the University Sports Centre, and businesses. In order to attract distinguished students and researchers,

2520-544: The ISPs agreed to bear technical costs of enforcing the blocks. By November 2021 Google voluntarily complied with enforcing the block against TPB, an action that was reported to be unprecedented on its part. BREIN claimed that Google found itself in "the same situation" as the Dutch ISPs who had signed the recent covenant. BREIN subsequently reported further collaboration with Google entailing removing blocked domains from local search results. In March 2024, BREIN obtained

2590-571: The Internet's largest warez piracy topsites . The site, known as Swan, was taken down by hosting provider WorldStream and without judicial process BREIN seized its servers. The owners of the servers retaliated by seizing them back and may sue BREIN for breach of privacy and property rights as BREIN is a private organization and has no special legal or investigative authority. University of Amsterdam The University of Amsterdam (abbreviated as UvA , Dutch : Universiteit van Amsterdam )

2660-696: The Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO). Research is organized into fifteen research priority areas and 28 research institutes within the faculties oversee this research. International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property The International Association for the Protection of Intellectual Property or AIPPI , an acronym for Association Internationale pour la Protection de la Propriété Intellectuelle in French (formerly International Association for

2730-585: The Netherlands. The Pirate Bay ignored the verdict. In January 2012 BREIN announced that a Dutch court had ordered Ziggo and XS4ALL to block all access to The Pirate Bay . On May 10, 2012 this judgement was followed by a court order of the District Court in The Hague against UPC, KPN, T-Mobile and Tele2 to also block The Pirate Bay for their customers. Ziggo and XS4ALL appealed this verdict and won, with BREIN being ordered to pay 326,000 Euro as

2800-493: The Protection of Industrial Property ), is a non-profit international organisation ( NGO ). Its members are intellectual property (IP) professionals, academics , owners of intellectual property and others interested in the subject. AIPPI was established in 1897. The objective of AIPPI is to improve and promote intellectual property protection. It pursues this objective by working to improve relevant agreements and laws. For example in 2019 AIPPI Secretary General Sirakova signed

2870-563: The Protection of Intellectual Property , who joined BREIN around 2010 and whom Kuik had prepared as his successor over the previous ten years. In an interview given on the occasion of his retirement, Kuik admitted that the business model behind Netflix , Spotify and Napster largely derives from the copyright-infringing streaming services BREIN has sought to close down. BREIN is known for shutting down Dutch eDonkey 2000 link giant ShareConnector in December 2004. Due to controversy over

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2940-707: The Roeterseiland campus. The Faculty of Law has settled in August 2017 on the campus. The university is divided into seven faculties, with each faculty headed by a dean. The faculties include the Faculties of Humanities , Social and Behavioural Sciences , Economics and Business , Science , Law , Medicine , and Dentistry . Students must be admitted to the faculty of their program before beginning their studies. The Faculty of Science (Dutch: Faculteit der Natuurwetenschappen, Wiskunde en Informatica) (FNWI) covers

3010-698: The US News rankings of Best Global Universities the UvA is ranked among the top 10 best universities in Europe. Furthermore, the UvA is ranked 53d in the 2023-2024 QS World University Rankings . The UvA is one of two Dutch universities in the top 100 universities in the world. In the 2023 ARWU Global Ranking of Academic Subjects, the UvA is ranked in first place globally in the field of Communication. Other UvA disciplines with high rankings include Psychology (8), Sociology (10), and Political Science (15). The 2011-12 Times Higher Education World University Rankings ranked

3080-600: The University of Amsterdam 30th in Arts & Humanities and 40th in Social Sciences, making it the highest ranking Dutch university in these fields and the highest ranking continental European university in the Social Sciences. The 2017 CWTS Leiden Global university ranking ranked the University of Amsterdam in the Global Top 8 in the field of social sciences and humanities. [1] The CHE Excellence Ranking rated

3150-700: The campus was built by collaboration between the University of Amsterdam, the City of Amsterdam , and the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research . In 2012, the Amsterdam University College was housed at the Science Park UvA campus. In the southeastern Bijlmermeer neighbourhood, the Faculty of Medicine is housed in the Academic Medical Center (AMC), the Faculty of Medicine's teaching and research hospital. It

3220-402: The complete news archive was still available. (A password was later added to BREIN's news archive to prevent further checks on availability.) On 23 June 2009 The Pirate Bay announced a lawsuit against Tim Kuik on libel charges, claiming The Pirate Bay had nothing to do with the alleged DDoS attack. In September 2009 BREIN CEO Tim Kuik attracted controversy when in a news conference he stated he

3290-449: The conduct of FTD and communicate the opinion of BREIN. The request for rectification was therefore rejected by the court. FTD ceased all its operations a few weeks after the verdict. On 1 June 2009 Tim Kuik published an online article claiming BREIN's website was "broken" by hackers performing DDoS attacks. He speculated about a possible connection with the intended court summons against The Pirate Bay. Several independent sources reported

3360-540: The content available to the public because they did not have control over the content itself and they did not interfere in the up- and downloading process. However, the Court of Appeal ruled that the site was illegal because their procedure made it easier for users to retrieve the illegal content from the eDonkey network. On October 23, 2007 BREIN, together with IFPI , BPI , Dutch police, and other organizations shut down prominent Bittorrent tracker Oink's Pink Palace . In

3430-519: The court. In August 2009, Kuik addressed the Hacking at Random conference on the future of copyright laws and was confronted by TPB's founder Gottfrid Svartholm over his allegations that TPB is run for profit. Kuik was unable to substantiate his claims. In October 2012, BREIN won a landmark case in The Hague against the Dutch hosting service provider XS Networks, which had refused to shut down

3500-805: The faculty of matriculation. In terms of scholarships, the university offers the UvA Amsterdam Excellence Scholarship (AES), Amsterdam Merit Scholarships, scholarships through the Dutch Ministry of Education, Culture and Science, Dutch Study Grants, and various European scholarships. Collectively the faculties offer 59 Bachelor's programmes, 133 Master's programmes, and 10 postgraduate programs. The university awarded 2,565 propaedeutic, 3,204 Bachelor's, 3,990 Master's, 438 Doctoral, 242 Post-Doctoral degrees in 2009–2010, and 10,438 total degrees in 2009–2010. The school's academic year lasts from early September until mid-July and

3570-742: The faculty produced 1,366 academic publications in 2009. The Faculty of Economics and Business ( Dutch : Faculteit Economie en Bedrijfskunde ) (FEB) was established in 1922. The FEB, which includes the Amsterdam School of Economics (ASE) and the Amsterdam Business School (ABS), currently has around 4,000 students and nearly 600 staff. It was ranked 44th in Economics & Econometrics and 45 in Accountancy & Finance among world universities. In terms of research,

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3640-518: The faculty produced 3,206 academic publications in 2009. The Academic Center for Dentistry in Amsterdam ( Dutch : Faculteit der Tandheelkunde ) (ACTA) was founded in 1984 through a merger of the two dentistry faculties of the Universiteit of Amsterdam and the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam . ACTA conducts scientific research, teaches, and provides patient care in the field of dentistry. ACTA

3710-561: The faculty produced 517 academic publications in 2009. The Faculty of Law ( Dutch : Faculteit der Rechtsgeleerdheid ) (FdR) is based in the newly redesigned Roetersiland campus. It was earlier housed in the Oudemanhuispoort, a historic building dating from 1602 situated in the center of Amsterdam. It has approximately 3,700 students and 330 academic staff members. 58% of academic staff is female. The Faculty offers nine LLM programs, of which two are taught in English. In addition

3780-552: The legality of links to illegal content, and a lack of quality in the evidence provided by BREIN, the case was not put to trial for several years. After being offline for two years, ShareConnector reopened in December 2006 but on November 12, 2007, Shareconnector went offline again. On March 16, 2010 the Amsterdam Court of Appeal ruled that sites that offer hash links (like .torrent links) were facilitating copyright infringement, an unlawful behavior. Shareconnector did not make

3850-431: The occupiers were evicted on 11 April. The current logo of the University of Amsterdam consists of a black square with three white Saint Andrew's Crosses and a white "U." This an adaptation of the coat of arms of Amsterdam which also uses a black background and three white or silver Saint Andrew's Crosses. The three Saint Andrew's Crosses have been said to represent the three plagues of Amsterdam: fire, floods, and

3920-414: The right to confer doctoral degrees. This gave the university the same privileges as national universities while being funded by the city of Amsterdam. The professors and lecturers were appointed by the municipal council . This resulted in a staff that was in many ways more colorful than the staffs of national universities. During its time as a municipal university, the university flourished, in particular in

3990-526: The school excellent in all seven categories for research, making it the only Dutch institution to accomplish this distinction. The University of Amsterdam is one of Europe's largest research universities, with over 7,900 scientific publications in 2010. The university spends about €100 million on research each year via direct funding. It receives an additional €23 million via indirect funding and about €49 million from commercial partners. Faculty members often receive research prizes and grants, such as those from

4060-494: The science department, which counted many Nobel prize winners: Tobias Asser , Christiaan Eijkman , Jacobus Henricus van 't Hoff , Johannes Diderik van der Waals , Pieter Zeeman , and Frits Zernike . The University of Amsterdam's municipal status brought about the relatively early addition of the faculties of Economics and Social Sciences. After the World War II the dramatic rise in the cost of university education put

4130-718: The shares of the subsidiaries of the holding. The subsidiaries are clustered into four activity areas which are increasingly outsourced to commercial enterprises and other market participants. The intellectual and cultural atmosphere at UvA is internationally oriented. Amsterdam attracts students from the Netherlands and beyond: with over 2,500 international students and researchers from over 100 countries. UvA has an extensive network of foreign partner universities, facilitating student and staff exchanges. Within Europe, UvA has Socrates / Erasmus exchange agreements with over 200 institutions. Outside Europe, it has close ties with approximately 40 universities on all continents. The university

4200-465: The site's deep links were still available (only the frontpage was inaccessible) and as such BREIN's claim of having been attacked was false. Brein responded claiming the attacks had stopped and that the site's year old backup had been used to recover the site. Because the backup was dated, the website was now under construction. Internet blog Geenstijl purportedly discovered BREIN's server was still fully operational and there had been no attack whatsoever -

4270-559: The southern Zuidas district on the campus of the VU University Medical Center . It was formed when the University of Amsterdam and the Vrije Universiteit combined their Dentistry schools in 1984. The Roeterseiland Campus is an open city campus designed to offer future-proof teaching and research facilities. The Faculties of Economics and Business and Social and Behavioural Sciences are located at

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4340-772: The student body. In 2010 students were enrolled in 7 faculties and the Amsterdam University College : 24% in Humanities, 13% in Law, 7% in Medicine, 1% in Dentistry, 11% in Science, 13% in Economics & Business, 30% in Social & Behavioral Sciences, and 0.5% in the Amsterdam University College . The University of Amsterdam has a highly competitive acceptance rate of 4% for international students and 14% overall. This means for every 100 international applicant, only 4 gets accepted to

4410-468: The target of nationwide student actions. The university saw considerable expansion since becoming a national university, from 7,500 students in 1960 to over 32,000 in 2010. In 2007, UvA undertook the construction of the Science Park Amsterdam , a 70-hectare (170-acre) campus to house the Faculty of Science along with the new University Sports Center. Much of the park has now been completed. The University of Amsterdam began working in close collaboration with

4480-445: The time, Amsterdam also housed several other institutions of higher education, including the Collegium Chirugicum, which trained surgeons, and other institutions that provided theological courses for the Remonstrant and the Mennonite communities. Amsterdam's large degree of religious freedom allowed for the establishment of these institutions. Students of the Colegium Chirugicum and the theological institutions regularly attended classes at

4550-486: The university. Overall, 20% of students in bachelor's programs complete their degree within three years, 48% in four years, and 69% in five years; 71% of master's students completed their degree in two years. Students on average successfully complete 44 ECTS credits during the academic year. In 2007, 88% of master's and doctoral graduates went on to paying jobs, with an additional 5% going on to continue their education within 1.5 years of graduating. According to

4620-487: The wake of the university's attempt to deal with its speculative misjudgments and financial difficulties: in 2011, the university's total outstanding debt had increased to €136 million. The Bungehuis occupation ended with the arrest of the 46 protesters on 24 February 2015. The following day a group of protesters forced the door of the Maagdenhuis, the main administrative building of the UvA, and began occupying it, once again raising their demands. The occupation lasted 45 days;

4690-416: Was formed in 1983 when the UvA Faculty of Medicine and two hospitals, Binnengasthuis and the Wilhelmina Gasthuis, combined. Shortly after in 1988, the Emma Children's Hospital also moved to the AMC. It is one of Amsterdam's level 1 trauma centers and strongly cooperates with the VU University Medical Center (VUmc). The Faculty of Dentistry is located in the Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA) in

4760-426: Was founded by the municipal authorities in Amsterdam. It was mainly devoted to medical teaching. The first two professors were Gerardus Vossius and Caspar Barlaeus . The Athenaeum Illustre provided education comparable to other higher education institutions, although it could not confer doctoral degrees. After training at the Athenaeum , students could complete their education at a university in another town. At

4830-406: Was handed over to the executive board. During May 1969, the university became the focus of nationwide news when UvA's administrative centre at the Maagdenhuis was occupied by hundreds of students who wanted more democratic influence in educational and administrative matters. The protest lasted for days and was eventually broken up by the police. During the 1970s and 1980s, the university was often

4900-505: Was using a laptop confiscated from a "pirate" and given to him by someone involved with the case. BREIN attracted controversy again when several suspicious aspects of their lawsuit against The Pirate Bay and Reservella were revealed, including evidence that documents used to link Fredrik Neij of The Pirate Bay to Reservella were faked. Peter Sunde and the Dutch Pirate Party filed criminal felony charges against both Tim Kuik and BREIN for fraud and forgery. In January 2011, BREIN targeted one of

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