31-755: The Bermel Peninsula ( 68°27′S 65°22′W / 68.450°S 65.367°W / -68.450; -65.367 ( Bermel Peninsula ) ) is a rugged, mountainous peninsula, approximately 15 nautical miles (28 km; 17 mi) long and 7 nautical miles (13 km; 8.1 mi)) wide, between Solberg Inlet and Mobiloil Inlet on the Bowman Coast , Graham Land , Antarctica. The feature rises to 1,670 metres (5,480 ft) in Bowditch Crests and includes Yule Peak, Mount Wilson, Campbell Crest, Vesconte Point, Wilson Pass, Rock Pile Peaks, Miyoda Cliff, and Rock Pile Point. Bermel Peninsula
62-679: A volcano erupted under Antarctica's ice sheet (based on airborne survey with radar images). The biggest eruption in the last 10,000 years, the volcanic ash was found deposited on the ice surface under the Hudson Mountains , close to Pine Island Glacier . In 2020, a team reported that emperor penguin colonies in Antarctica were nearly 20% more numerous than previously thought, with new discoveries made using satellite mapping technology. The BAS runs an online polar image collection which includes imagery of scientific research at
93-738: A 900-metre gravel runway. During the Antarctic winter, conditions preclude flying and the aircraft return to Canada. The larger Dash 7 undertakes regular shuttle flights between either Port Stanley Airport on the Falkland Islands , or Punta Arenas in Chile, and Rothera. It also operates to and from the ice runway at the Sky Blu base. The smaller Twin Otters are equipped with skis for landing on snow and ice in remote areas, and operate out of
124-644: Is an ice-filled inlet 5 to 10 nautical miles (18 km) wide, which recedes west 14 nautical miles (26 km) between Rock Pile Peaks and Joerg Peninsula , on the east coast of Graham Land . Discovered by members of the United States Antarctic Service (USAS) in 1940, it was resighted in 1947 by the Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) under Ronne, who named it for Rear Admiral Thorvald A. Solberg , U.S. Navy , Chief of Naval Research , who
155-567: Is in the south of the Bowman Coast of Graham Land on the Antarctic Peninsula , extended into the Weddell Sea to the east. Solberg Inlet is to the north and Mobiloil Inlet is to the south. Gibbs Glacier and Hadley Upland is to the west. Features include, from east to west, Rock Pile Point, Miyoda Cliff, Rock Pile Peaks, Wilson Pass, Vesconte Point, Mount Wilson, Bowditch Crests and Yule Peak. The peninsula lies along
186-644: Is needed, and in 1993 the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee (UK-APC) recommended the peninsula be named after Peter F. Bermel (see also Bermel Escarpment ), cartographer, United States Geological Survey (USGS), 1946-94; Assistant Director for Programs, USGS; Member, United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names (US-ACAN), 1979-94 (Chairman, 1993–94). Download coordinates as: 68°25′S 64°58′W / 68.417°S 64.967°W / -68.417; -64.967 . The east point of Bermel Peninsula. This feature
217-956: Is the United Kingdom's national polar research institute. It has a dual purpose, to conduct polar science, enabling better understanding of global issues , and to provide an active presence in the Antarctic on behalf of the UK. It is part of the Natural Environment Research Council (NERC). With over 400 staff, BAS takes an active role in Antarctic affairs, operating five research stations , one ship and five aircraft in both polar regions, as well as addressing key global and regional issues. This involves joint research projects with over 40 UK universities and more than 120 national and international collaborations. Having taken shape from activities during World War II , it
248-641: The Antarctic in November 2011. BAS operates five aircraft in support of its research programme in Antarctica . The aircraft used are all made by de Havilland Canada and comprise four Twin Otters and one Dash 7 (as of August 2019). The planes are maintained by Rocky Mountain Aircraft in Springbank , Alberta , Canada . During the Antarctic summer the aircraft are based at the Rothera base , which has
279-593: The BAS are complemented by the capabilities of the Royal Navy 's ice patrol vessel that operates in the same waters. Until 2008 this was HMS Endurance , a Class 1A1 icebreaker . Endurance's two Lynx helicopters enabled BAS staff to get to remote field sites that BAS aircraft could not access. However, a catastrophic flooding accident left Endurance badly damaged, with a replacement only being procured in 2011. This ship, HMS Protector , first deployed to
310-482: The Center for Polar Archives, National Archives, Washington, DC, who has been associated with Antarctic research from 1957; member, United States Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, 1974-94; Chair, 1986-93. 68°31′S 65°12′W / 68.517°S 65.200°W / -68.517; -65.200 . A steep rock point on the south side of Bermel Peninsula, marking the extremity of a spur running southeast from
341-652: The FID Scientific Bureau and FIDS Rear Base were combined into a single FIDS London Office, with a Director for the first time responsible for the whole London operation. The BAS operates five permanent research stations in the British Antarctic Territory : Of these Research Stations, only Rothera is staffed throughout the year. Before 2017 Halley was also open year-round. The BAS also operates two permanent bases on South Georgia : Both South Georgia bases are staffed throughout
SECTION 10
#1732773380795372-539: The International GPS Campaign, 1991-92, at McMurdo, Byrd, and South Pole Stations who conducted developmental GPS geodetic surveys from USCGC Polar Sea at Mount Siple and Pine Island Bay; from 1993, Secretary, Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names, United States Board on Geographic Names. 68°27′S 65°33′W / 68.450°S 65.550°W / -68.450; -65.550 . A mountain rising to about 1,300 metres (4,300 ft) high in
403-665: The Office of Research and Development of the then Army Air Force, which furnished equipment for RARE. 68°30′S 65°22′W / 68.500°S 65.367°W / -68.500; -65.367 . A line of precipitous cliffs surmounted by four summits on Bermel Peninsula. The feature was photographed from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth in November 1935 and was mapped from these photos by W.L.G. Joerg. Surveyed by FIDS in 1958. Named by UK-APC for Nathaniel Bowditch (1773-1838), American astronomer and mathematician, author of The New American Practical Navigator (1801) which firmly set out
434-646: The Survey operates one ship, the RRS Sir David Attenborough , for support of Arctic and Antarctic research operations, and other logistical work. It replaced RRS James Clark Ross and RRS Ernest Shackleton , which were sold in 2021 and returned to its owners in 2019, respectively. Originally, the Admiralty provided the FIDS with ship support. In 1947 the Survey purchased their first vessel, which
465-449: The air by Sir Hubert Wilkins, 1928, and Lincoln Ellsworth, 1935, and were roughly mapped from the photographs by W.L.G. Joerg, 1937; further photographed from the air by USAS, 1940; surveyed by Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS), 1947. The name Rock Pile Peaks was suggested by UK-APC in 1952. It derives from Rock Pile Point, a name applied descriptively to Bermel Peninsula by US AS, 1939-41, but subsequently reapplied by US-ACAN to
496-425: The appearance as a jumbled mass of peaks. The United States Board on Geographic Names (USBGN) approved the name Rock Pile Point for the peninsula in 1947, but the decision was subsequently vacated. Although Rock Pile Peaks was approved for eastern summits and Rock Pile Point for the east extremity, the peninsula remained unnamed for about four decades. However, reference to a geographic feature of this magnitude
527-559: The bases at Rothera, Fossil Bluff, Halley and Sky Blu. In 1985, the British Antarctic Survey discovered the hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica. The finding was made by a team of three BAS scientists: Joe Farman , Brian Gardiner and Jonathan Shanklin . Their work was confirmed by satellite data, and was met with worldwide concern. In January 2008, a team of British Antarctic Survey scientists, led by Hugh Corr and David Vaughan , reported that 2,200 years ago,
558-512: The east point of the peninsula. 68°26′S 65°15′W / 68.433°S 65.250°W / -68.433; -65.250 . A glacier pass at about 400 metres (1,300 ft) high, running northwest–southeast between Bowditch Crests and Rock Pile Peaks. The pass leads from Solberg Inlet to Mobiloil Inlet. The feature was photographed from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth, 1935, the USAS, 1939-41, and RARE, 1947–48. Named after Alison Wilson, of
589-563: The easternmost of the Bowditch Crests. The point was first roughly mapped by W. L. G. Joerg from air photos taken by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 23, 1935; surveyed by FIDS, December 1958. In association with the names of pioneers of navigation grouped in this area, it was named by UK-APC after Petrus Vesconte of Genoa , the earliest known chartmaker whose charts survive (the first dated 1311). 68°30′S 65°27′W / 68.500°S 65.450°W / -68.500; -65.450 . A peak rising to 1,670 metres (5,480 ft) high at
620-491: The practical results of theories established at that date and has since gonethrough more than 56 editions. 68°31′S 65°37′W / 68.517°S 65.617°W / -68.517; -65.617 . A small but conspicuous triangular rock peak 750 metres (2,460 ft) high at the west end of the Bermel Peninsula. The peak was photographed from the air by Lincoln Ellsworth on November 21 and 23, 1935, and
651-497: The route explored and photographed from the air by Sir Hubert Wilkins , 1928, and Lincoln Ellsworth , 1935. It was first mapped from the Ellsworth photographs by W. L. G. Joerg in 1937. The United States Antarctic Service (USAS) explored this area from the ground, 1939–41, roughly positioning the peninsula. The USAS also photographed the feature from the air in 1940, referring to it as "The Rock Pile" or "Rock Pile Point" from
SECTION 20
#1732773380795682-653: The south entrance point to Solberg Inlet. The cliff was photographed from the air by the US AS, 1940, the United States Navy, 1966, and was surveyed by FIDS, 1946-48. Named by US-ACAN in 1977 for Larry W. Miyoda, Station Manager, Palmer Station , 1976; engineer, Siple Station , 1974. 68°25′S 65°09′W / 68.417°S 65.150°W / -68.417; -65.150 . A cluster of peaks rising to 1,110 metres (3,640 ft) high between Wilson Pass and Rock Pile Point. The peaks were photographed from
713-578: The time FIDS was renamed the British Antarctic Survey in 1962, 19 stations and three refuges had been established. In 2012 the parent body, NERC , proposed merging the BAS with another NERC institute, National Oceanography Centre in Southampton . This proved controversial, and after the House of Commons Science and Technology Committee opposed the move the plan was dropped. Since April 2018 NERC has been part of UK Research and Innovation. In 1956,
744-495: The west end of Bowditch Crests, Bermel Peninsula. The feature is the highest point in Bowditch Crests and appears in aerial photographs taken by Sir Hubert Wilkins, 1928, and Lincoln Ellsworth, 1935; roughly mapped from the Ellsworth photographs by W. L. G. Joerg in 1937. Later photographed from the air by USAS, 1940, and United States Navy , 1966; surveyed by FIDS, 1958. Named by UK-APC in 1993 after Jon C. Campbell, geographer, United States Geological Survey from 1981; USGS member in
775-451: The west part of Bermel Peninsula. This mountain appears indistinctly in a photograph taken by Sir Hubert Wilkins on his flight of December 20, 1928. The feature was rephotographed in 1935 by Lincoln Ellwsorth, in 1940 by USAS, and in 1947 by Ronne Antarctic Research Expedition (RARE) under Finn Ronne . It was surveyed by the FIDS in 1948. Named by Ronne after Major Gen. R.C. Wilson, chief of staff to Lieutenant Gen. Curtis LeMay , head of
806-616: The year. The headquarters of the BAS are in the university city of Cambridge , on Madingley Road . This facility provides offices, laboratories and workshops to support the scientific and logistic activities in the Antarctic. The BAS also operates the Ny-Ålesund Research Station on behalf of the NERC . This is an Arctic research base located at Ny-Ålesund on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen . As of 2021,
837-785: Was known as the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey until 1962. Operation Tabarin was a small British expedition in 1943 to establish permanently occupied bases in the Antarctic. It was a joint undertaking by the Admiralty and the Colonial Office . At the end of the war it was renamed the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey (FIDS) and full control passed to the Colonial Office. At this time there were four stations, three occupied and one unoccupied. By
868-615: Was mapped from these photos by W. L. G. Joerg. Surveyed by FIDS in December 1958 and so named because Christmas Day 1958 was celebrated by the FIDS sledging party close to this peak. [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from websites or documents of the United States Geological Survey . Solberg Inlet Solberg Inlet ( 68°19′S 65°15′W / 68.317°S 65.250°W / -68.317; -65.250 )
899-501: Was named MV John Biscoe, and in 1953 the same ship was granted Royal Research Ship status. Since then the Survey has owned and chartered several vessels. Vessels depart from the United Kingdom in September or October of each year and return to the United Kingdom in the following May or June. Vessels undergo refit and drydock during the Antarctic winter, but are also used elsewhere during this period. The civilian ships operated by
930-427: Was of assistance to the expedition. [REDACTED] This article incorporates public domain material from "Solberg Inlet" . Geographic Names Information System . United States Geological Survey . [REDACTED] This Bowman Coast location article is a stub . You can help Misplaced Pages by expanding it . Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey The British Antarctic Survey ( BAS )
961-422: Was photographed from the air and roughly positioned by USAS, 1939-41, which applied the descriptive name Rock Pile Point to the peninsula. The name was subsequently reapplied by US-ACAN to the east point. 68°22′S 65°05′W / 68.367°S 65.083°W / -68.367; -65.083 . A rock cliff rising to about 400 metres (1,300 ft) high at the northeast end of Rock Pile Peaks, marking