35-928: Borromeo is a surname. Notable people with the surname include: House of Borromeo , an aristocratic family in Milan Members of the House of Borromeo [ edit ] Andrea Borromeo (c. 1615 – 1683), Theatine priest Charles Borromeo (1538 – 1584), cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church Federico Borromeo (1564 – 1631), archbishop of Milan, cousin of Charles Celia Grillo Borromeo (1684 – 1777), Italian (Genovese) mathematician and scientist Beatrice Borromeo (born 1985), Italian journalist Matilde Borromeo (born 1983), Italian equestrian Agostino Borromeo (1944-2024), Italian professor and historian, General Governor of
70-461: A city council ( consiglio comunale ) of thirty or forty members, chosen by the General council from nominations submitted by the same city council. In the smaller communes, all the taxable citizens were councillors. The council elected an executive municipality of three to nine members, helped in its executive functions by a city secretary. All city offices were held only by owners and traders, and
105-514: A patrician from Padua , their son Vitaliano Vitaliani (1390-1449) was adopted in 1406 by his childless uncle Giovanni Borromeo, the owner of the Milan bank. The Vitaliani family traces its origins back to Giovanni dei Vitaliani in the 11th century and had been Lords of Bosco, Bojone und Sant'Angelo since c. 1100. In 1418 Vitaliano I Borromeo became treasurer of his uncle, Duke Filippo Maria, who also made him Count of Arona in 1446. He acquired
140-560: A German Catholic literary association Charles Borromeo Church (disambiguation) [REDACTED] Surname list This page lists people with the surname Borromeo . If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name (s) to the link. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Borromeo&oldid=1230409966 " Category : Surnames Hidden categories: Articles with short description Short description
175-551: A canonized saint. The family has owned the Borromean Islands since the 16th century. The islands have beautiful gardens. Two of the islands have grand palaces, still owned by the family. Vitaliano Borromeo built a summer palace on the Isola Bella for his wife Isabella between 1650 and 1671 which was later enlarged by Cardinal Giberto III (1615–1672) and Count Vitaliano VI (1620–1690). Count Carlo IV (1657–1734) had
210-465: A municipality in Milan, Italy Borromean clinic , a model of psychoanalytic practice Collegio Borromeo , a university hall of residence in Pavia, Italy Borromean rings , an arrangement of topological circles Molecular Borromean rings , an interlocked molecular architecture Sisters of Mercy of St. Borromeo , a group of Catholic religious congregations Society of St. Charles Borromeo ,
245-559: Is different from Wikidata All set index articles House of Borromeo [REDACTED] Golden Ambrosian Republic [REDACTED] Transpadane Republic [REDACTED] Cisalpine Republic [REDACTED] Italian Republic [REDACTED] Kingdom of Italy [REDACTED] Kingdom of Lombardy–Venetia The aristocratic House of Borromeo were merchants in San Miniato around 1300 and became bankers in Milan after 1370. Vitaliano de' Vitaliani, who acquired
280-646: The Republic of San Marino was signed on 10 June 1802, and a Concordat with the Holy See on 16 September 1803. The government created the National Guard of Italy, a National Gendarmerie , and a finance police ; the metric system was introduced and a national currency was planned, although never minted during the Republican era. In 1805, following Bonaparte's assumption of the title of Emperor of
315-815: The College of Traders ( il Collegio dei mercanti ), the first having its seat in Milan , the second in Bologna , and the third in Brescia . All the colleges elected a commission of control and supreme rule, called the Censorship ( la Censura ), composed of twenty-one members and based in Cremona . The head of state was the president of the republic ( il Presidente della repubblica ), Napoleon Bonaparte , elected for 10 years. The president had full executive powers, appointed
350-473: The French arrondissements . The chief of the district was the vice-prefect, which had powers similar to those of the prefect, but for a smaller area. However, the structure of the districts was not uniform over all the territory of the republic, and some districts were administered by a district council and a chancellor. The districts were divided into communes . Communes with more than 3,000 inhabitants had
385-404: The French system, The state was divided into 12 départements ( dipartimenti ). The chief of the department was the prefect ( prefetto ), an office created on 6 May 1802. The prefect was the state's representative in each province (dipartimento), and had two main functions: the first was to implement the administrative decisions of the central government and to control the local authorities,
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#1732765230577420-587: The French, the Italian Republic was transformed into the Kingdom of Italy ( Regno d'Italia ), with Napoleon as king and his stepson Eugène de Beauharnais as viceroy . According to the Italian constitution of 1802, sovereignty resided in three electoral colleges of three to two hundred members: the College of Owners ( il Collegio dei possidenti ), the College of Scholars ( il Collegio dei dotti ), and
455-531: The Meetings of Lyon, one-third of the parliament had to be renewed every two years. The tribunals were divided into tribunals of first instance ( tribunali di prima istanza ), courts of appeal ( corti d'appello ), courts of revision ( corti di revisione ), and a court of cassation ( corte di cassazione ). The judges of the first two were appointed by the Consulta, the latter two by the three colleges. Following
490-524: The Order of the Holy Sepulchre Other people [ edit ] Alexander Borromeo (born 1983), Filipino football player Charles Borromeo (athlete) (born 1958), Indian track and field athlete Leah Borromeo , British journalist and filmmaker Luis Borromeo or Borromeo Lou, Filipino jazz pianist and vaudeville performer See also [ edit ] Peschiera Borromeo ,
525-479: The Visconti dukes and used the castle as a base for his siege of Milan. When he became duke, his gratitude for the family's services overwhelmed them with rewards and honours, among which was the title of a count of Peschiera for Vitaliano's son Filippo Borromeo (1419–1464) in 1461. Filippo expanded the bank as far as Bruges and London . The business was run at least until 1455. In 1520 Ludovico Borromeo built
560-641: The castle Rocca Vitaliana at Castelli di Cannero , a fortification against the Old Swiss Confederacy . Giberto II Borromeo († 1558), Milanese governor at the Lago Maggiore, married Margherita Medici di Marignano, the sister of Pope Pius IV and of condottiero Gian Giacomo Medici , Duke of Marignano. One of their sons, Carlo Borromeo (1538−1584), became a cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church, archbishop of Milan, and
595-600: The city of Rome. The first member of the family to come to prominence was Filippo who, backed by Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV and Gian Galeazzo Visconti (later to become duke of Milan ), led the Ghibellines of San Miniato in their 1367 revolt against the Florentine Guelphs . In 1370 he was taken prisoner by the Florentines and decapitated. He left five children who had taken refuge in Milan at
630-513: The fiefs and castles of Arona and in 1449 of Angera on the banks of Lago Maggiore (The castle of Angera is still today owned by the family.). Ever since, the Borromeos were the leading land owners (and at times Milanese governors) around the Lago Maggiore. Vitaliano Borromeo († 1449) had built a castle at Peschiera Borromeo near Milan in 1437. In 1450 Francesco I Sforza was backed by the family in his struggle to become heir and successor of
665-689: The four sisters: Italian Republic (Napoleonic) Timeline The Italian Republic ( Italian : Repubblica Italiana ) was a short-lived (1802–1805) republic located in Northern Italy . Napoleon Bonaparte served as president and its capital was Milan . The Italian Republic was the successor of the Cisalpine Republic , which changed its constitution to allow the French First Consul Napoleon to become its president. The new constitution changed
700-654: The garden terraces added. The family still owns the majority of the Borromean Islands. Between the fourteenth century and the seventeenth century, the Borromeo were able to gain control of many fiefs in the Valdossola / Lake Maggiore area. They organised them as an almost independent state within the Duchy of Milan obtaining sovereignty, jurisdictions and control over the local army and fortresses. The "State"
735-414: The invasion of Milan by Napoleon Bonaparte who revoked all the Borromeo's privileges and jurisdictions over this area; so the Borromeo maintained there only their ample estates as the Borromean Islands . Seven cardinals of the Roman Catholic Church were members of the Borromeo family: Current members include the daughters of Count Ferdinando Borromeo, a cadet son of Prince Vitaliano Borromeo. These are
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#1732765230577770-539: The name of Borromeo from his uncle Giovanni, became the count of Arona in 1445. His descendants played important roles in the politics of the Duchy of Milan and as cardinals in the Catholic Reformation . In 1916, the head of the family was granted the title Prince of Angera by the King of Italy. The best known members of the family were the cardinals and archbishops of Milan, Carlo (1538–1584), who
805-470: The name of the state to the "Italian Republic"; it consisted of the same areas that had comprised the Cisalpine Republic, primarily Lombardy and Romagna . The republic had a territory of more than 42,500 square kilometers (16,400 sq mi), and a population of 3,840,000 in 12 départements . Milan was the capital city, the main center having 124,000 inhabitants in 1764. The country
840-457: The president of the republic and in charge of foreign policy. The commissioners were appointed by the Censorship upon nomination by the three colleges: many former members of the Directory of the Cisalpine Republic entered into office. The Consulta ratified treaties, approved any special decrees concerning state security, and in the event of the death or resignation of the president, appointed
875-490: The republic was the Legislative Body ( il Corpo Legislativo ) with limited powers. It was composed of 75 members elected in each department by the three colleges. It was summoned by the president of the republic and could only approve or reject a law, the discussion being reserved to a more restricted Chamber of orators or Chamber of speakers ( Camera degli oratori , a committee of fifteen speakers). First appointed at
910-815: The second was leadership of the police. The local legislative body was the General Council ( Consiglio generale ), composed of representatives of the communes. The government appointed the Central Departmental Administration ( Consiglio della prefettura ), composed of five or seven members chosen from nominations submitted by the General Council: the Administrations had powers over taxes and public works and, generally, represented local interests. The departments were divided into districts ( distretti ) equivalent to
945-436: The successor. The minister of foreign affairs was chosen from among the commissioners. The Legislative Council ( il Consiglio legislativo ) was a commission of at least ten members appointed by the president for three years. Its mission was to allow the president to submit legislation, helping him in the elaboration of laws and being present when they were discussed in parliament. The secretary of state ( il segretario di Stato )
980-408: The three years of the republic's life. Never submitting to Napoleon, Melzi was demoted after the monarchy's proclamation in favour of more controllable men; however, Melzi's character ensured him Napoleon's deep private respect during all the years of the French empire. Melzi also introduced obligatory conscription to Italy. The Consulta ( la Consulta di Stato ) was a commission of eight members led by
1015-597: The time of the revolt. The sons Borromeo and Giovanni founded the Borromei Bank in Milan, with other family members running banks in Venice and Florence . Filippo Buonromei married Talda di Tenda, sister of Beatrice di Tenda (the hero of a tragic opera by Vincenzo Bellini and wife of the Milanese duke Filippo Maria Visconti ). Filippo's daughter Margherita Borromeo († 1429) married Giacobino Vitaliani († 1409),
1050-431: The vice-president ( il Vicepresidente ) and the secretary of state, took legislative and diplomatic initiative, chose the ministers, public agents, ambassadors, and chiefs of the army, summoned the executive councils, and prepared the budget. The vice-president, Francesco Melzi d'Eril , acted for the president during his absence. Melzi was described as a gentleman and effectively ruled over the state's domestic affairs during
1085-554: Was canonized by Pope Paul V in 1610, and Federico (1564–1631), who founded the Ambrosian Library . The figure of the Borromean rings , which forms part of the family's coat of arms , is well known in the diverse fields of topology , psychoanalysis , and theology . Around 1300 this was one of a number of merchant families in San Miniato to carry the name "'Buon Romei'" (or 'Borromei') because of their origins in
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1120-442: Was at first Luigi Villa and then, from 1803, Daniele Felici; Minister of Foreign Affairs was Ferdinando Marescalchi ; Minister of Justice and Great Judge was Bonaventura Spannocchi; Minister of Treasury was Antonio Veneri; Minister of Finance was Giuseppe Prina ; Minister of Religion was Giovanni Bovara . To draw up its budgets, the government was assisted by a Commissionership for National Accountancy. The parliament of
1155-450: Was prosperous despite the plundering experienced in preceding centuries. Its economy was based on cereal agriculture and cattle raising , plus flourishing small industries, notably the production of silk . The flag of the Italian Republic maintained the three Italian-Milanese national colours , but with a new, less revolutionary, pattern. The coat of arms was specified in a decree on 13 May 1802. A treaty of friendship and commerce with
1190-586: Was subdivided in ten podesterie : Mergozzo , Omegna , Vogogna , Val Vigezzo , Cannobio , Intra , Laveno , Lesa , Angera and Arona . The podestà of Arona was the main justice administrator for the Borromeo counts over the area and was independent of both the Novara and Milan jurisdictions, the former controllers. The "state" was quite extended, it occupied almost half of the modern Province of Verbano-Cusio-Ossola with an extension of around one thousand square kilometres. The "Borromeo's State" ended in 1797 with
1225-420: Was the chief of the public administration. He promulgated the laws, guarded the state's seal, and countersigned presidential acts. The first secretary was Diego Guicciardi, soon followed by Pellegrino Nobili and, finally, by Luigi Vaccari. The government comprised seven ministers ( i ministri ). The Minister of War was at first Alessandro Trivulzi and then, from 1804, General Domenico Pino; Minister of Interior
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