Bachpan Bachao Andolan ( BBA ; Save Childhood Movement ) is an India-based children's rights movement. It was started in 1980 by Nobel Laureate Mr. Kailash Satyarthi . It campaigns against bonded labour , child labour and human trafficking, and promotes the right to education for all children. It has so far freed close to 100,000 children from servitude, including bonded labourers, and helped in their re-integration, rehabilitation and education.
31-418: The stated vision of Bachpan Bachao Andolan (BBA) is "to create a child-friendly society where all children are free from exploitation and receive a free and quality education."It aims to identify, liberate, rehabilitate and educate children in servitude through direct intervention, child and community participation, coalition building, consumer action, promoting ethical trade practices and mass mobilisation. BBA
62-525: A country-based definition of worst form hazards. This could lead to many deaths. The worst forms of child labour that should be prohibited in ILO Recommendation No. 190 are: Several programs exist (coordinated by the ILO or other UN organisations) to stimulate adherence to the convention: The Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography plays a role in
93-422: A human rights issue as well as a welfare matter and charitable cause. He has argued that it perpetuates poverty , unemployment , illiteracy , population growth, and other social problems, his claims have been supported by several studies. He has had a role in linking the movement against child labour with efforts for achieving "Education for All". Satyarthi has been a member of a UNESCO body and has been on
124-654: A lecturer for a few years. In 1980, Satyarthi gave up his career as an electrical engineer and then founded the Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save Childhood Movement). He conceived and led the Global March Against Child Labor and its international advocacy body, the International Center on Child Labor and Education (ICCLE), which are worldwide coalitions of NGOs, teachers and trades unionists. He has served as
155-609: A nationwide march, Bharat Yatra, in India covering 19,000 km (12,000 mi) in 35 days, to demand for legislation against child rape and child Prostitution . Satyarthi was born as Kailash Sharma in Vidisha , a small town in the Madhya Pradesh State Of India. He dropped his last name Sharma (implying that he is a Brahmin ) and took Satyarthi (meaning one who longs for truth) after his marriage, due to
186-412: A specific country. The Convention recommends that programmes of action should attend specifically to younger children, the girl child, hidden work situation in which girls are at special risk, and other groups of children with special vulnerabilities or needs. Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190 contains recommendations on the types of hazards that should be considered to be included within
217-503: Is a historic event as it is the first time for an International Labor Convention to be ratified by all member states. The convention has also not been extended to several non-metropolitan territories of states that ratified the convention: Article 3 of the International Labor Organization's Convention 182 includes forms of child labour , which are predefined as the worst forms of child labour, including
248-833: Is an Indian social reformer who campaigned against child labor in India and advocated the universal right to education . In 2014, he was the co-recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize , along with Malala Yousafzai , "for their struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education." He is the founder of multiple social activist organizations, including Bachpan Bachao Andolan , Global March Against Child Labour , Global Campaign for Education , Kailash Satyarthi Children's Foundation, and Bal Ashram Trust. Kailash Satyarthi and his team at Bachpan Bachao Andolan have liberated more than 86,000 children in India from child labour , slavery and trafficking . In 1998, Satyarthi conceived and led
279-613: Is enjoying the fastest pace of ratifications in the ILO's history since 1919. The ILO's International Programme on the Elimination of Child Labour (IPEC) is responsible for assisting countries in this regard as well as monitoring compliance. One of the methods used by IPEC to assist countries in this regard are Time-bound Programmes . The ILO also adopted the Worst Forms of Child Labour Recommendation No 190 in 1999. This recommendation contains, among others, recommendations on
310-721: The Criminal Law Amendment Act 2018 with a strict deterrent against child rape. The Yatra resulted in the Anti-Human Trafficking Bill being passed by the 16th Lok Sabha. Satyarthi lives in New Delhi , India. His family includes his wife, a son, daughter-in-law, a grandson, daughter and a son-in-law. Satyarthi's Nobel Prize medal was stolen from his New Delhi residence in February 2017 and subsequently recovered. Satyarthi has been
341-683: The Elimination of the Worst Forms of Child Labour , known in short as the Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention , was adopted by the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 1999 as ILO Convention No 182. It is one of eight ILO fundamental conventions . By ratifying this Convention No. 182, a country commits itself to taking immediate action to prohibit and eliminate the worst forms of child labour , including slavery , child prostitution , use of children in criminal activities, and dangerous labour. The Convention
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#1732775833809372-542: The Global March against Child Labour, an 80,000 km (ca. 49,710 mi)-long march across 103 countries to put forth a global demand against worst forms of child labour. This became one of the largest social movements ever on behalf of exploited children. The demands of the marchers, which included children and youth (particularly the survivors of trafficking for forced labor, exploitation, sexual abuse, illegal organ transplants, armed conflict, etc.) were reflected in
403-606: The ILO, the proportion of child labour fell by almost 40 percent between 2000 and 2016 as the ratification rate increased and countries passed laws and policies, including the minimum age of employment. On 4 August 2020, the High Commissioner for [REDACTED] Tonga in the United Kingdom, Hon. Titilupe Fanetupouvava'u Tuita-Tu'ivakanō , formally deposited the ratification instruments for this convention together with ILO Director-General, Guy Ryder. This
434-530: The President of the Global Campaign for Education from its inception in 1999 to 2011. Sathyarthi is one of its four founders alongside ActionAid , Oxfam and Education International . In 1998, Satyarthi conceived and led the Global March against Child Labour traveling across 103 countries covering 80,000 km to demand an International Law on Worst Forms of Child Labour. The march eventually led to
465-615: The adoption of ILO Convention No. 182 on the worst forms of child labor. He established GoodWeave International (formerly known as Rugmark) as the first voluntary labelling, monitoring and certification system of rugs manufactured without the use of child-labour in South Asia. In the late 1980s and early 1990s he focused its campaigns on raising consumer awareness on issues relating to the accountability of global corporations regarding socially responsible consumerism , trade and supply chains. Satyarthi has highlighted child labour as
496-891: The board of the Fast Track Initiative (now known as the Global Partnership for Education ). Satyarthi had served on the board and committee of several international organisations including the Center for Victims of Torture (USA), the International Labor Rights Fund (USA), and the International Cocoa Foundation. He brought child labour and slavery into the post-2015 development agenda for the United Nation's Sustainable Development Goals . Satyarthi
527-546: The circumstances of their birth. Satyarthi completed his education in Vidisha. He attended Government Boys Higher Secondary School in Vidisha, and completed an undergraduate degree in electrical engineering at Samrat Ashok Technological Institute in Vidisha then affiliated to the University of Bhopal, (now Barkatullah University ) and a post-graduate degree in high-voltage engineering. Satyarthi joined his college as
558-495: The convention, almost half of which do dangerous work. Most child labour is carried out in the agricultural sector, mainly due to poverty and the difficulties faced by parents. The Convention supports the prohibition and elimination of the worst forms of child labour, including slavery, forced labour and trafficking in human beings. It prohibits the use of children in armed conflicts, prostitution and pornography, illegal activities such as drug trafficking and dangerous work. According to
589-893: The draft of the ILO Convention 182 on the Worst Forms of Child Labour. The following year, the Convention was unanimously adopted at the ILO Conference in Geneva. He has served on the board and committee of several international organizations including the Center for Victims of Torture (USA), the International Labor Rights Fund (USA), and the Cocoa Initiative. Satyarthi was among Fortune magazine's "World's Greatest Leaders" in 2015 and featured in LinkedIn 's Power Profiles List in 2017 and 2018. Satyarthi led
620-501: The following:. They are also sometimes referred to as automatic worst forms of child labour. The predefined worst forms of child labour are: The last category of worst form of child labour is work which by its nature or the circumstances is likely to harm the health, safety or morals of children, or Worst Forms of Hazards faced by Children at Work. Here the Convention recommended that the circumstances should be determined in consultation with organisations of employers and workers within
651-416: The influence of the reformist Arya Samaj movement. Kailash Satyarthi belongs to a middle-class family. He is the youngest among four brothers and a sister in his family. His father Ramprasad Sharma was a retired police head constable and his mother Chironjibai was an uneducated housewife with high morals. As per Satyarthi, the exceptionally idealistic and helpful nature of his mother had a big impact on him. He
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#1732775833809682-480: The legal formalities are completed and they are repatriated and reunited with their families. On the other hand, children who do not have families to fall back upon finding a new home at Bal Ashram. Here, Children stay for a longer duration, receive basic as well as formal education as well as vocational training which may help them earn their living when they grow up. Public Interest Litigations: BBA works on policy and legislative changes through effectively implementing
713-583: The legal process and approaching the Supreme Court of India or various High Courts for making and enforcing policies in favour of children. This includes a number of judgements/ orders including the recent orders: BBA has led the largest civil society initiative in the world against child labour in the form of the Global March Against Child Labour in 1998, leading to ILO Convention 182 on Worst Forms of Child Labour One of
744-714: The recent campaigns of BBA include: Child Labour Free India Campaign : for an amendment in Child Labour (Prohibition & Regulation) Act, 1986 for total abolition on child labour till the age of 14 yrs., in line with ILO Convention 138. Right to Education Campaign : Child Domestic Labour campaign Mukti Caravan (campaign against child trafficking for forced labour) Missing Children Campaign : biggest ever research undertaken on missing children, resulting in Supreme Court issuing notice to all states and union territories on missing children. Kailash Satyarthi Kailash Satyarthi (born 11 January 1954)
775-494: The rescued children find their new life at BBA's transit rehabilitation centres - Mukti Ashram, situated at the outskirts of Delhi and Bal Ashram, situated in Virat Nagar, Rajasthan. Mukti Ashram is an immediate shelter for the children who are rescued from Delhi and its surroundings. They are immediately provided with medical help, food, clothing, recreational facilities, sports, theatre and counselling during their stay until
806-476: The subject of documentary, television series, talk shows, advocacy and awareness films. In September 2017, India Times listed Satyarthi as one of the 11 Human Rights Activists Whose Life Mission Is To Provide Others with a Dignified Life Satyarthi has been awarded the following honours: Worst Forms of Child Labour Convention The Convention Concerning the Prohibition and Immediate Action for
837-551: The types of hazards that should be considered for inclusion within a country-based definition of Worst Forms of Hazards faced by Children at Work . Convention No 182 has been signed by all ILO Member States by 4 August 2020. This has become the fastest ratified agreement in the UN 's 101-year history. The elimination of child labour was one of the main goals of the ILO. According to the UN agency, 152 million children worldwide are affected by
868-571: Was aimed at starting a social dialogue about child sexual abuse and child trafficking , taboo issues in India, to protect children vulnerable within their homes, communities, and schools. The campaign collaborated with 5,000 civil society organizations, 60 Indian faith leaders, 500 Indian political leaders, 600 local, state, and national bodies of the Indian government, 300 members of the Indian judiciary, and 25,000 educational institutions across India. More than 1,200,000 marched for 35 days which led to
899-690: Was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 2014 "for the struggle against the suppression of children and young people and the right of all children to education". Satyarthi is the first natural-born Indian Nobel Peace Laureate. He has cited Mahatma Gandhi as his inspiration. The Bharat Yatra was launched by KSCF to spread awareness about child trafficking and sexual abuse. The campaign launched in Kanyakumari on 11 September 2017, and marched through seven routes covering 22 Indian states and Union Territories , and over 12,000 km. The campaign
930-634: Was formed in 1980 by Mr. Kailash Satyarthi , Nobel Peace Prize Laureate for 2014, who was appalled by the plight of child slavery across South Asia. Child labour has been socially accepted and widely practised in the region for generations, being seen as a necessary outcome of poverty. BBA became the first organization in India to highlight the issue and spawned the wider South Asian Coalition on Child Servitude (SACCS). The work of BBA takes three strands, being prevention, protection and rehabilitation. In trafficking and child labour cases requiring transit rehabilitation and other support through residential care,
961-488: Was raised in a locality ( mohalla ) where Hindus and Muslims lived with each other. As a four-year-old toddler, he learnt to read Urdu from the Maulvi at the neighboring mosque and learnt Hindi and English in his school. Satyarthi was significantly affected by the lack of school access for all children and his experiences with poverty in his youth. He made efforts when he was young to try to change these inequalities due to