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46-671: The Bar Harbor Express was a seasonal passenger train which served the resort areas around Bar Harbor, Maine , in the United States . It was a joint venture of the New York, New Haven and Hartford Railroad , the Maine Central Railroad and the Boston and Maine Railroad (B&M). The Bar Harbor Express began in 1902 with its southern terminus in New York . Trains ran north to Springfield, Massachusetts , over

92-936: A direct connection between Boston 's North Station and South Station precluded a Boston section. The completion of the Hell Gate Bridge in 1917 allowed direct rail service from New England through New York to points south, so the New Haven added Washington, D.C. , and Philadelphia sections to the Bar Harbor Express which were hauled by the Pennsylvania Railroad . Destinations north of Portland included Ellsworth , Mount Desert Ferry in Hancock , and Rockland . At Mount Desert Ferry passengers would board ferries for Bar Harbor. The Rockland branch served resort towns such as Boothbay via

138-653: A 10-year contract with Endless Energy Corporation . In 2005 it was the first school to hold a zero-waste graduation. In October 2006, COA pledged to become carbon neutral , offsetting all of its carbon emissions, including those created by visiting students; COA fulfilled the pledge in December 2007 by purchasing carbon offsets for their emissions through the Climate Trust of Oregon . The college currently offsets those emissions it cannot reduce or avoid via truck stop electrification through Carbonfund.org. In 2016, COA

184-580: A 1947 fire in Bar Harbor. In 1957 the Maine Central truncated the run to Bangor , and ended the train altogether on Labor Day , 1960. The State of Maine Express traveled a similar route, six days a week, many seasons. It went from New York City's Grand Central Terminal to New Haven, Providence , Worcester, Lowell, Portland and the Bar Harbor region. In contrast to the Bar Harbor Express (which made no stops between Providence and Portland),

230-427: A home near Bar Harbor. Martha Stewart owns property in nearby Seal Harbor and frequents Bar Harbor. In mid-October 1947, Maine experienced a severe drought , seeing only half of its usual rainfall. On October 17, sparks at a cranberry bog near Town Hill ignited a wildfire that intensified over the next ten days, due to strong winds that began on October 21, and it was not declared out until mid-November. This

276-509: A male householder with no wife present, and 47.5% were non-families. 36.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.08 and the average family size was 2.70. The median age in the town was 45.3 years. 17.3% of residents were under the age of 18; 10% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 22.4% were from 25 to 44; 32.3% were from 45 to 64; and 18.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of

322-463: A rock ledge believed to be Egg Rock, just off Otter Cliffs, and when he came ashore to repair his boat he met local natives. Champlain named the island Isles des Monts Deserts , meaning "island of barren mountains"—now called Mount Desert Island, the largest island in Maine. In 1761, Abraham Somes established the first European village on Mount Desert Island, naming it Somesville . Also named for him

368-657: A stop in Wiscasset . In 1952 a typical consist of the Bar Harbor Express included sleepers from Washington, Philadelphia and New York to Ellsworth; Philadelphia to Portland; Philadelphia and New York to Rockland; and New York to Plymouth, New Hampshire . The latter was a Friday-only connection with the B&;M in Lowell, Massachusetts . The Bar Harbor Express was hurt by the post- World War II decline in passenger rail traffic which afflicted all passenger services, compounded by

414-535: Is Somes Sound, the only naturally occurring fjard on the East Coast of the US. Bar Harbor itself was incorporated as Eden on February 23, 1796, named after Sir Richard Eden, an English statesman. Early industries included fishing, lumbering and shipbuilding . With the best soil on Mount Desert Island, it also developed agriculture , with a main focus on dairy . In the 1840s, its rugged maritime scenery attracted

460-540: Is based on human ecology , and all first-year students are required to take an introductory course in human ecology. Other requirements include two courses in each focus area (Environmental Studies, Arts and Design, Human Studies), one quantitative reasoning course, one history course, and one course that involves extensive writing. The intention is for students to explore and integrate ideas from different disciplines and to construct their own understanding of human ecology. With its focus on interdisciplinary learning, College of

506-409: Is the southern terminus). Mount Desert Island Ice Cream, ranked among the best ice cream shops in the country, made the news in 2010 when President Obama and his family made a surprise visit for a treat. Ben & Bill's Chocolate Emporium , with its lobster -flavored ice cream and lobster statue, is a popular stop. Bar Harbor is featured in the 2007 book The Titan's Curse by Rick Riordan as

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552-605: Is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold) winters. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Bar Harbor has a humid continental climate , abbreviated "Dfb" on climate maps. Bar Harbor and Mount Desert Island are located near the coastline and surrounded by the North American continent to the northeast and southwest. This location, combined with prevailing winds that are not from

598-588: The Hudson River School and Luminism artists Thomas Cole , Frederic Edwin Church , William Hart and Fitz Henry Lane . Inspired by their paintings, journalists, sportsmen and "rusticators" followed. Agamont House , the first hotel in Eden, was established in 1855 by Tobias Roberts. Birch Point, the first summer estate, was built in 1868 for Alpheus Harding . By 1880, there were 30 hotels, including

644-571: The Mira Monte Inn , a historic landmark that survived a massive fire in 1947. Tourists were arriving by train and ferry to the Gilded Age resort that would rival Newport , Rhode Island . The rich and famous tried to outdo each other with entertaining and estates, often hiring landscape gardener and landscape architect Beatrix Farrand , a resident at local Reef Point Estate , to design their gardens . A glimpse of their lifestyles

690-573: The State of Maine made several local stops. Passengers to points beyond Portland needed to change to a Maine Central to complete the trip. Various destinations afforded by the Portland transfer included Waterville and Rockland . The default destination was Ellsworth , from which passengers would take ferries to Bar Harbor. On the morning of September 2, 1913, north of New Haven, Connecticut , travelling at 40 miles per hour (64 km/h) in heavy fog,

736-692: The Trenton Bridge . Upon entering the town limits from the north, Route 3 turns east onto Mount Desert Street, before turning south onto Main Street at Bar Harbor's Village Green . It then circumnavigates the eastern portion of Mount Desert Island. Two other streets link Route 3 to Main Street: West Street (the first visitors from the north see) and Cottage Street. Another principal road, Eagle Lake Road, leads west, from its intersection with Eden Street, Mount Desert Street and Kebo Street, into

782-506: The United States Census Bureau , the town has a total area of 63.11 square miles (163.45 km ), of which 42.24 square miles (109.40 km ) is land and 20.87 square miles (54.05 km ) is water. Bar Harbor is situated on Frenchman Bay , with multiple smaller islands just offshore. Twice a day, at low tide, a sand bar (Bar Harbor's namesake) is exposed, linking the town to Bar Island. This climatic region

828-682: The White Mountain Express crashed through two cars of the Bar Harbor Express and overturned a third coach, killing 21 and injuring 50. Bar Harbor, Maine Bar Harbor is a resort town on Mount Desert Island in Hancock County , Maine , United States. As of the 2020 census , its population is 5,089. The town is home to the College of the Atlantic , Jackson Laboratory , and MDI Biological Laboratory . During

874-496: The 2012–13 school year. The College of the Atlantic offers only one academic major : human ecology . Gower helped create the curriculum for the college and its academic programs. The majority of the campus was purchased for $ 1 from the Oblate Fathers of Mary Immaculate Seminary, who used the site as a monastery . Parts of the campus were also donated by the family of co-founder Bernard Cough. The school's curriculum

920-788: The Atlantic does not have distinct departments, and all faculty members consider themselves human ecologists in addition to their formal specialization. As a graduation requirement, all students must complete a term-long senior project and a human ecology essay in their final year, in addition to a mandatory internship sometime within their four years. For this senior project, students decide the methods and content which are then submitted for approval by their academic advisors. Projects are diverse and have included computer programs, scientific papers, ethnographic research, theatrical productions, educational curricula, novels, art exhibits, books of letters, garden renovations, and music compilations. With international students comprising an average of 17 percent of

966-409: The Atlantic was conceived by Mount Desert Island residents who wanted to stimulate the island's economy during the off-season, when revenue from tourism declined, by forming a year-round, four-year institution of higher education. In 1968, Father James Gower , a Catholic priest and peace activist, and his former football teammate from Bar Harbor High School, businessman Les Brewer , conceived

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1012-449: The Atlantic, gives Bar Harbor a continental climate with very cold winters for an island location at such a low latitude. As of the census of 2010, there were 5,235 people, 2,427 households, and 1,275 families residing in the town. The population density was 123.9 inhabitants per square mile (47.8/km ). There were 3,495 housing units at an average density of 82.7 units per square mile (31.9 units/km ). The racial makeup of

1058-576: The DeGregoire Hotel (Eden Street at West Street). The Building of Arts civic building, on Kebo Street at Cromwell Harbor Road, also perished. Over 10,000 acres (4,000 hectares) of Acadia National Park were destroyed. The town's business district was spared, including Mount Desert Street, where several former summer homes within a historic district listed on the National Register of Historic Places operate as inns. According to

1104-482: The New Haven, where they were handed off to the Boston and Albany Railroad (B&A), which carried them to Worcester . From Worcester the B&M hauled them to Union Station in Portland, Maine . From Portland the Maine Central hauled the cars to their final destinations in the northeast. The B&A withdrew early on, however, so the trains followed a purely New Haven routing from New York to Worcester. The lack of

1150-411: The average family size was 2.78. In and near the town, the population was spread out, with 19.8% under the age of 18, 9.0% from 18 to 24, 28.6% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 16.1% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41 years. For every 100 females, there were 87.5 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 82.7 males. The median income for a household in or near

1196-489: The citizens of Bar Harbor voted for a citizens' initiative to cap cruise ship disembarkations to 1,000 per day. Bar Harbor also hosts many long-distance cyclists, as it is the eastern terminus of the Adventure Cycling Association's Northern Tier Bicycle Route ( Anacortes , Washington , is the western terminus), and the northern terminus of its Atlantic Coast Bicycle Route ( Key West , Florida ,

1242-523: The dining hall with organic produce, eggs, and meat. The off-shore island properties include the Alice Eno Field Research Station on Great Duck Island where students conduct studies on Leach's storm petrels , guillemots, gulls, sparrows and other fields of natural history. The Edward McCormick Blair Research station on Mount Desert Rock is a center for the study of marine mammals and oceanographic issues. The College of

1288-564: The first president and was joined in 1970 by Melville P. Cote as assistant to the President and Director of Admissions and Student Affairs. Father James Gower proposed "Acadia Peace College" as the original name for the school, though this was rejected in favor of the College of the Atlantic. The College of the Atlantic began offering its first classes in 1972 with an enrollment of just 32 students. The institution had about 300 students for

1334-414: The four towns of Mount Desert Island, plus the outlying islands of Swans Island and the town of Cranberry Isles. The school also serves students from towns such as Trenton, Hancock, Lamoine and Mariaville on the mainland. The College of the Atlantic is located in Bar Harbor, on Route 3. Bar Harbor's main access road, from the north or south, is State Route 3 , which is the coastal Eden Street taken from

1380-440: The highest point on the Atlantic seaboard. Maritime tours are available, on a wide variety of boats, introducing visitors to puffins , whales, seals, seabirds, lighthouses, even lobsters, illustrating the working waterfront side of Bar Harbor. The town has many historic houses, including large "cottages" along the shore, often converted to other uses today. To protect its housing supply for residents, citizens voted in 2021 to cap

1426-485: The idea for the College of the Atlantic. Brewer and Gower founded the school in 1969, when the school of human ecology was granted temporary approval on June 23, 1969, by the Maine State Board of Education. Three other Mount Desert residents helped establish the college: Bernard K. "Sonny" Cough, Richard Lewis and Robert Smith. Edward Kaelber, then assistant dean at Harvard Graduate School of Education, became

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1472-1031: The national park. The town is served by the Hancock County–Bar Harbor Airport , which provides year-round nonstop flights to Boston, Massachusetts . Bar Harbor is the western terminus for The CAT , a high-speed summer ferry service across the Gulf of Maine to Yarmouth , Nova Scotia , Canada , operated by Bay Ferries . The 3.5-hour route returned to service in 2022 after previously operating from 1955 to 2009. Downeast Windjammer Cruise Lines operates regular summer ferry service across Frenchman Bay between Bar Harbor and Winter Harbor . The population of Bar Harbor, and Mount Desert Island generally, increases dramatically from May through October with "seasonal" residents and tourists. Many come for Acadia National Park, with its hiking trails and carriage roads, providing opportunities for biking, bird watching, and mountain climbing, with Cadillac Mountain being

1518-733: The number of vacation rentals in Bar Harbor. In 2012, the American Planning Association named the Village Green one of their top ten Great Places in America for Public Spaces. Cruise ships visit Bar Harbor from May through October (most in September and October), with 154 ship visits and more than 222,000 passengers in 2018. The forecast for 2019 was 176 ship visits and more than 254,000 passengers. In November 2022, concerned about crowding and overtourism ,

1564-408: The population. There were 2,142 households, out of which 24.5% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.5% were married couples living together, 6.4% had a female householder with no husband present, and 45.7% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals, and 13.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.16 and

1610-689: The setting of Westover Hall, a boarding school. The Far Harbor add-on for the video game Fallout 4 is located on Mount Desert Island, with Bar Harbor being reimagined as the post apocalyptic settlement of Far Harbor. College of the Atlantic The campus consists of 37 acres on Frenchman Bay , two organic farms, two off-shore island research stations, and a 100-acre protected area. The farms, Beech Hill Farm and Peggy Rockefeller Farms, are living laboratories for classes and student research. Peggy Rockefeller Farms includes livestock, crops, orchards. Beech Hill Farm provides produce. Both supply

1656-524: The student body, College of the Atlantic is among the five liberal arts colleges with the highest proportion of international students. These students primarily graduate from United World Colleges and are awarded significant scholarships through the Davis United World College Scholars Program . In 2004, COA was the first campus to make a multi-year commitment to be powered entirely by renewable energy , signing

1702-525: The summer and fall seasons, it is a popular tourist destination. Bar Harbor is also home to the largest parts of Acadia National Park , including Cadillac Mountain , the highest point within 25 miles (40 km) of the coastline of the eastern United States . From the mainland, Bar Harbor is accessible by road via Maine State Route 3 . The island is directly accessible by air at Hancock County–Bar Harbor Airport , and by ferry from Winter Harbor, Maine , and Yarmouth, Nova Scotia . The town of Bar Harbor

1748-488: The town was $ 37,481, and the median income for a family was $ 51,989. Males had a median income of $ 31,085 versus $ 25,417 for females. The per capita income for the area was $ 24,103. About 4.9% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line , including 6.7% of those under age 18 and 8.3% of those age 65 or over. Conners Emerson School, founded in 1962, is located in Bar Harbor, serving students of grades K through 8. Mount Desert Island High School serves

1794-579: The town was 46.3% male and 53.7% female. As of the census of 2000, there were 4,820 people, 2,142 households, and 1,163 families residing in or near the town. The population density was 114.2 inhabitants per square mile (44.1/km ). There were 2,805 housing units at an average density of 66.5 units per square mile (25.7 units/km ). The racial makeup of the town was 97.88% White , 0.15% Black or African American , 0.21% Native American , 0.89% Asian , 0.08% from other races , and 0.79% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.62% of

1840-419: The town was 94.7% White , 0.8% African American , 0.2% Native American , 2.8% Asian , 0.4% from other races , and 1.2% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.1% of the population. There were 2,427 households, of which 22.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 42.8% were married couples living together, 6.8% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had

1886-600: The year. John D. Rockefeller Jr. , son of John D. Rockefeller of Standard Oil Co. , donated about one-third of the land in Acadia National Park and built the carriage roads that are used for hiking and biking. J. P. Morgan owned a house that is adjacent to the town. Cornelius Vanderbilt built cottages in Bar Harbor, while the Astor family owned hotels and cottages in Bar Harbor and the surrounding areas. Roxanne Quimby , co-founder and CEO of Burt's Bees , has

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1932-535: Was one of several wildfires in the state that year. Nearly half the eastern side of Mount Desert Island burned, including 67 "cottages" —nearly one-third of the 222 cottages that stood at the time. (Many were empty or for sale; only 135 were occupied that summer.) Five historic grand hotels were also destroyed. These were Agamont House (Main Street), Hamor House (Main Street at Cottage Street), Belmont Hotel (Mount Desert and Kebo Streets), Malvern Hotel (Kebo Street) and

1978-769: Was available from the Shore Path , a coastal path skirting waterfront lawns. Yachting , garden parties at the Pot & Kettle Club, and carriage rides up Cadillac Mountain were popular diversions. Others enjoyed horse-racing at Robin Hood Park-Morrell Park. US President William Howard Taft played golf in 1910 at the Kebo Valley Golf Club. He was the last sitting president to visit the town until Barack Obama in July 2010. On March 3, 1918, Eden

2024-582: Was founded on the northeast shore of Mount Desert Island , which the Wabanaki Indians knew as Pemetic , meaning "range of mountains" or "mountains seen at a distance." The Wabanaki seasonally fish , hunt and gather berries, clams, and other shellfish in the area. They speak of Bar Harbor as Man-es-ayd'ik ("clam-gathering place") or Ah-bays'auk ("clambake place"), leaving great piles of shells as evidence of this abundance. In early September 1604, French explorer Samuel de Champlain ran aground on

2070-411: Was renamed Bar Harbor, after the sand and gravel bar, visible at low tide, which leads across to Bar Island and forms the rear of the harbor. The name would become synonymous with elite wealth. It was the birthplace of vice-president Nelson Rockefeller . Bar Harbor was also used for naval practices during World War II . More specifically, Bald Porcupine Island (one of the five Porcupine Islands )

2116-437: Was used to fire live torpedoes . In October 1944, the submarine USS Piper fired 12 live torpedoes at the island. Of those fired, one failed to explode on the first attempt but was later detonated by the twelfth torpedo. In 1996, the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers surveyed all 30 acres of Bald Porcupine Island for unexploded ordnance . Nine were found. Many influential people have called Bar Harbor home for at least part of

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