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22-804: Belinyu is a town and district ( kecamatan ) of Bangka Regency , in the Bangka-Belitung province of Indonesia . The district is located on the northern tip of Bangka Island . By the 19th century, tin mines were already operating in Belinyu. Edward Balfour recorded that the mines in Belinyu were established by a Chinese from Palembang , referred to as Demang Ko. In 1919, steam turbines were installed in Mantung (within Belinyu) to supply electrical power to tin mining operations in Bangka. Following

44-577: A district ", hence the translation of kecamatan as subdistrict is no longer precise since the absence of kewedanan as district . The 1982 publication of Statistics Indonesia translated kecamatan as district . With the release of the Act Number 21 of 2001 on the Special Autonomous of Papua Province, the term distrik was used instead of kecamatan in the entire Western New Guinea . The difference between

66-524: A national province. At the same time, the hereditary titles of Sultan of Yogyakarta and Prince of Pakualaman , with ceremonial privileges carried with the titles, were legally secured for the rulers. In 2012, the Indonesian government secured Act No. 13 of 2012 which formally recognised the reigning sultan of Yogyakarta as the hereditary governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta , with

88-602: Is a Javanese monarchy in Yogyakarta Special Region , in the Republic of Indonesia . The current head of the sultanate is Hamengkubuwono X . Yogyakarta existed as a state since 1755 on the territory of modern Indonesia in the central part of Java Island. The sultanate became the main theatre of military operations during the Java War of 1825–1830, following which a significant part of its territory

110-473: Is located on the southern coast of the island of Java. In the south, it is bordered by the Indian Ocean, with land surrounded by the province of Central Java . The area is 3,133 km , while the population in 2010 was about 3.5 million people. The special district of Yogyakarta, along with Jakarta, has the largest population density among the provinces of Indonesia. Not far from the city of Yogyakarta

132-449: Is the third-level administrative subdivision , below regency or city (second-level) and province (first-level). According to the Act Number 23 of 2014, district is formed by the government of regency or city in order to improve the coordination of governance, public services, and empowerment of urban/rural villages . District head is a career bureaucrat position directly appointed by regent or mayor. The local district term kecamatan

154-529: Is the volcano Merapi , the most active volcano in Indonesia which has erupted regularly since 1548, resulting in great damage to the population of the district. In October–November 2010, there was a strong volcanic eruption , forcing about a 100,000 people to temporarily leave their homes. After the death of Sultan Agung in 1645, the Sultanate of Mataram went into decline due to a power struggle within

176-647: Is used in the majority of Indonesian areas, with camat being the head. During the Dutch East Indies and early republic period, the term district referred to kewedanan , a subdivision of a regency. Kewedanan itself was divided into kecamatan , which was translated as subdistrict ( Dutch : onderdistrict ). Following the abolition of kewedanan , the term district began to be associated with kecamatan which has since been directly administered by regency. In English-language dictionary, subdistrict means "a division or subdivision of

198-650: The Dutch East Indies and early republic period, the term district referred to kewedanan , a subdivision of regency, while kecamatan was translated as subdistrict ( Dutch : onderdistrict ). Following the abolition of kewedanan , the term district began to be associated with kecamatan which has since been directly administered by regency. Mainstream media such as The Jakarta Post , Kompas , and Tempo use "district" to refer to kecamatan ; however machine translation services like Google Translate often incorrectly uses "district" to refer to regencies instead. District in Indonesia

220-485: The Pakualam Prince as its hereditary vice-governor (article 18, paragraph 1c). That act also formally incorporated the sultanate as a corporation sole with the privilege of land ownership, therefore restoring the sultanate's right to own crown land (which it originally rescinded in the 1980s); as of 2019, the sultanate is claimed to own almost 10% of land in the Special Region of Yogyakarta. The sultanate

242-648: The Yogyakarta Special Region , with the sultan of Yogyakarta becoming the hereditary governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region and the Prince of Pakualaman becoming the hereditary vice governor of the Yogyakarta Special Region, formally on 30 August 2012 (article 18, paragraph 1c); both are responsible to the president of Indonesia . In carrying out the local government administration, it considers three principles: decentralisation, concentration, and assistance. The provincial government carries out

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264-546: The heiress presumptive to the sultanate. The title Mangkubumi was formerly reserved for senior male princes groomed for the throne, including the reigning sultan. The decree thus admits female royalty into the line of succession for the first time since the founding of the Sultanate. According to the current sultan, this was in line with his prerogatives; his action was nonetheless criticised by more conservative male family members such as his siblings, who were thus displaced in

286-547: The Special Region of Yogyakarta has a responsibility as the Head of the Territory and is titled as a Governor. The first governor was the late Hamengkubuwono IX , Sultan of Yogyakarta, and continued Paku Alam VIII as acting governor until Hamengkubuwono X ascended in 1998. Unlike the other heads of regions in Indonesia, the governor of the Special Region of Yogyakarta has the privilege or special status of not being bound to

308-819: The Sultan, Commander in the Battlefield, Servant of the Most Gracious, Cleric and Caliph that Safeguards the Religion As the result of further colonial intervention within the ruling family of the former Mataram Sultanate , the area which today is the Special Region of Yogyakarta was divided into the Sultanate of Yogyakarta (Kasultanan Yogyakarta) and the Principality of Pakualam (Kadipaten Pakualaman) . The Dutch colonial government arranged for

330-449: The carrying out of autonomous self-government, arranged under a political contract. When Indonesian independence was proclaimed, the rulers, the sultan of Yogyakarta and the Prince of Pakualaman made a declaration supporting the newly founded Republic of Indonesia, and they would unite with the Republic. After the republic's independence was formally recognised internationally, the former royal realms were formally unified on 3 August 1950 into

352-487: The independence of Indonesia, the island of Bangka was subdivided into five administrative regions ( kewedanan ). Belinyu was made the seat of the North Bangka kewedanan , and while the other four kewedanan eventually became regencies , Belinyu was absorbed into Bangka Regency . Belinyu is subdivided into seven urban villages ( kelurahan ) and five rural villages ( desa ). Districts of Indonesia During

374-561: The old naming convention for the region's subdivisions. Kapanewon (a subdivision of regency) is headed by a panewu , while kemantren (a subdivision of city), is headed by a mantri pamong praja . Yogyakarta Sultanate Others: The Sultanate of Yogyakarta , officially the Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat ( Javanese : ꦏꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦤꦤ꧀​ꦔꦪꦺꦴꦒꦾꦏꦂꦡ​ꦲꦢꦶꦤꦶꦔꦿꦠ꧀ , romanized:  Kasultanan Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat Javanese pronunciation: [ŋajogjɔkartɔ hadinɪŋrat] ; Indonesian : Kesultanan Yogyakarta )

396-424: The period of position nor the requirements and way of appointment (article 25, paragraphs 1 and 2). However, in carrying out their duties, they have the same authority and responsibilities. On 5 May 2015, following a royal decree issued by Hamengkubuwono X, Princess Mangkubumi (previously known as Princess Pembayun) received the new name Mangkubumi Hamemayu Hayuning Bawana Langgeng ing Mataram. This denotes her as

418-540: The responsibilities and authorities of the central government, as well as its own autonomous responsibilities and authorities. The Regional Government consists of the Head of the Region and the Legislative Assembly of the Region. Such construction guarantees good cooperation between the Head of the Region and the Legislative Assembly of the Region to achieve sound regional government administration. The Head of

440-885: The sultanate itself. The Dutch East India Company also exploited the power struggle to increase its control. At the peak of the conflict, the Mataram Sultanate was split into two based on the Treaty of Giyanti of 13 February 1755: Yogyakarta Sultanate and Surakarta Sunanate . The Giyanti Treaty mentioned Pangeran Mangkubumi as Sultan of Yogyakarta with the title of ꦔꦂꦱꦢꦊꦩ꧀ꦱꦩ꧀ꦥꦺꦪꦤ꧀ꦢꦊꦩ꧀ꦲꦶꦁꦏꦁꦱꦶꦤꦸꦮꦸꦤꦏꦁꦗꦼꦁꦱꦸꦭ꧀ꦠꦤ꧀ꦲꦩꦼꦁꦏꦸꦨꦸꦮꦤꦱꦺꦤꦥꦠꦶꦲꦶꦁꦔꦭꦒꦔꦧ꧀ꦢꦸꦭ꧀ꦫꦏ꦳꧀ꦩꦤ꧀ꦱꦪꦶꦢꦶꦤ꧀ꦥꦤꦠꦒꦩꦏ꦳ꦭꦶꦥ꦳ꦠꦸꦭ꧀ꦭꦃ Ngarsa Dalem Sampeyan Dalem Ingkang Sinuwun Kangjeng Sultan Hamengkubuwana Senopati-ing-Ngalaga Ngabdulrakhman Sayyidin Panatagama Khalifatullah Which translates as His Highness

462-403: The two is merely the naming, with kepala distrik being the district head. It was later followed in 2019 by another autonomous province, the Special Region of Yogyakarta , where kecamatan was replaced with kapanewon and kemantren . Sultan Hamengkubuwono X , the region's governor and the monarch of Yogyakarta Sultanate , issued Gubernatorial Decree Number 25 of 2019, which restored

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484-481: Was annexed by the Dutch, and the degree of autonomy was significantly curtailed. In 1946–1948, during the war of independence of Indonesia, the capital of the republic was transferred to the territory of the sultanate, in the city of Yogyakarta. In 1950, Yogyakarta, along with the Principality of Pakualaman became part of Indonesia, with the former royal realms united as a Special Region , with status equal to that of

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