12-636: Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is the official national motto of Indonesia . It is inscribed in the national emblem of Indonesia , the Garuda Pancasila , written on the scroll gripped by the Garuda 's claws. The phrase comes from Old Javanese , meaning " Unity in Diversity ," and is enshrined in article 36A of the Constitution of Indonesia . The motto refers to the unity and integrity of Indonesia,
24-531: A nation consisting of various cultures, regional languages, races, ethnicities, religions, and beliefs. The phrase is a quotation from an Old Javanese poem Kakawin Sutasoma , written by Mpu Tantular , a famous poet of Javanese literature during the reign of the Majapahit empire in the 14th century, under the reign of King Rājasanagara (also known as Hayam Wuruk ). Translated word for word, bhinnêka
36-590: Is a sandhi form of bhinna meaning "different"; the word tunggal means "one" and the word ika means "it". Literally, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika is translated as "It is different, [yet] it is one". Conventionally, the phrase is translated as "Unity in Diversity", which means that despite being diverse, the Indonesian people are still one unit. This motto is used to describe the unity and integrity of Indonesia which consists of various cultures, regional languages, races, ethnicities, religions, and beliefs. As head of
48-528: Is a constant theme throughout Mpu Tantular's writings and can also be found in his other writing, the Kakawin Arjunawijaya , canto 27 stanza 2: ndan kantênanya, haji, tan hana bheda saṅ hyaṅ hyaṅ Buddha rakwa kalawan Śiwarājadewa kālih samêka sira saṅ pinakeṣṭi dharma riṅ dharma sīma tuwi yan lêpas adwitīya Clearly then, Your Majesty, there is no distinction between the Deities:
60-479: Is officially included into the Constitution of Indonesia after the second amendment of the constitution was ratified on People's Consultative Assembly (MPR) parliamentary session in 7–18 August 2000. This quotation comes from canto 139, stanza 5. The full stanza reads as follows: Rwāneka dhātu winuwus Buddha Wiswa, Bhinnêki rakwa ring apan kena parwanosen, Mangka ng Jinatwa kalawan Śiwatatwa tunggal, Bhinnêka tunggal ika tan hana dharma mangrwa. It
72-498: Is said that the well-known Buddha and Shiva are two different substances. They are indeed different, yet how is it possible to recognise their difference in a glance, since the truth of Jina ( Buddha ) and the truth of Shiva is one. They are indeed different, but they are of the same kind, as there is no duality in Truth. This translation is based, with minor adaptations, on the critical text edition by Soewito Santoso. This idea
84-530: Is the Sutasoma , which states that Shiva and Buddha are one. Sutasoma has been the source the motto of Indonesia, Bhinneka Tunggal Ika, which is usually translated as Unity in Diversity, although it means '(Although) in pieces, yet One'. Arjunawijaya also states that Shiva and Buddha are one. The kernel of the story is the combat between Dasamukha and Waisrawana , followed by that between Dasamukha and Arjuna Sahaśrabāhu . This Hinduism-related article
96-629: Is used to describe the intent or motivation of the state in a short phrase. For example, it can be included on a country's flag , coat of arms , or currency . Some countries do not have a national motto. Kakawin Arjunawijaya Kakawin Arjunawijaya is an Old Javanese poem in poetic meters ( kakawin or kavya ), written by Mpu Tantular between 1374 and 1379 CE. Manuscripts of this work have been found both in Bali and Java. Another famous kakawin by him
108-596: The Faculty of Philosophy of Gadjah Mada University , Rizal Mustansyir , writes, "the motto of Bhinneka Tunggal Ika explains clearly that there is diversity in various aspects of life that makes the Indonesian nation a unified nation." The phrase originated from the Old Javanese poem Kakawin Sutasoma, written by Mpu Tantular a famous poet of Javanese Literature during the reign of the Majapahit empire sometime in
120-485: The hyaṅ Buddha and Siwa, the lord of gods, both are the same, they are the goals of the religions; in the dharma sīma as well as in the dharma lêpas they are second to none. National motto This article lists state and national mottos for the world's nations. The mottos for some states lacking general international recognition , extinct states , non-sovereign nations, regions, and territories are listed, but their names are not bolded. A state motto
132-488: The 14th century, under the reign of King Rājasanagara , also known as Hayam Wuruk. The Kakawin contains epic poems written in metres . The poem is notable as it promotes tolerance between Hindus (especially Shivaites ) and Buddhists . The phrase Bhinneka Tunggal Ika was published in an article entitled Verspreide Geschriften which was written by a Dutch linguist orientalist Johan Hendrik Casper Kern . Kern's writings were later read by Mohammad Yamin , who then brought
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#1732773284767144-624: The phrase to the first Investigating Committee for Preparatory Work for Independence (BPUPK) session, between 29 May to 1 June 1945. The motto Bhinneka Tunggal Ika was later incorporated into the state emblem, the Garuda Pancasila . Reporting from the Directorate General of Culture of the Republic of Indonesia, the state symbol was designed by Sultan Hamid II and announced to the public on 15 February 1950. The phrase, along with Pancasila as national emblem and 20 other articles,
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