52-427: (Redirected from Blue Flag ) Blue flag or Blue Flag may refer to: Sport and recreation Blue Flag beach , a beach or marina that meets certain quality standards Blue Flag, the flag of Chelsea F.C. Blue flag, a particular Flag#Swimming flags Blue flag, a particular Racing flags#Blue flag Botany Larger Blue Flag or Iris versicolor ,
104-454: A United States Air Force command and control exercise Other Blue Flag (manga) , a manga series by KAITO. " The Blue Flag ", World War I song composed by Carrie Jacobs-Bond Blue Flag, common representation of the street gang Crips Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Blue flag . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change
156-403: A reaction to dominant anthropocentric paradigms. "In its current form, it is an attempt to synthesize many old and some new philosophical attitudes about the relationship between nature and human activity, with particular emphasis on ethical, social, and spiritual aspects that have been downplayed in the dominant economic worldview." Main article: Economics The economy functions within and
208-450: A shared vision and understanding of what sustainability is for that particular organization and to clarify the business case. The public sector comprises the general government sector plus all public corporations including the central bank . In environmental resource management the public sector is responsible for administering natural resource management and implementing environmental protection legislation. The traditional role of
260-611: A similar geographic location, and on 1 November for the Caribbean, New Zealand, South Africa, and other countries in the southern hemisphere . In the European Union, the water quality standards are incorporated in the EC Water Framework Directive . As of 2016 Spain has had more blue flag beaches than any other country every year since the awards began in 1987. As a result of the 2015 awards,
312-414: A symbiotic relationship between the sustaining organization, community, and environment. Many drivers compel environmental resource management to take sustainability issues into account. Today's economic paradigms do not protect the natural environment, yet they deepen human dependency on biodiversity and ecosystem services. Ecologically, massive environmental degradation and climate change threaten
364-498: A total of 4,154 Blue Flags are waving around the world. `The table below lists the Blue Flags (both for beaches and marinas) awarded and in force in 2015. The table can be sorted to show the total number of Blue Flags per country and also the number of Blue Flags per population, per area or per the length of the coastline of each country. [REDACTED] Costa Rica [REDACTED] Panama The Blue Flag
416-410: A type of iris Slender Blue Flag or Iris prismatica , a type of iris Transport Blue flag, a particular Flag#Railway flags in railway use. Blue sign used by European waterways vessels passing on the starboard side Military Blue Flag (Israeli Air Force exercise) , the name of an Israeli Air Force exercise Blue Flag (United States Air Force exercise) , the name of
468-649: A variety of perspectives. It involves the management of all components of the biophysical environment , both living ( biotic ) and non-living ( abiotic ), and the relationships among all living species and their habitats . The environment also involves the relationships of the human environment, such as the social, cultural, and economic environment, with the biophysical environment. The essential aspects of environmental resource management are ethical, economical, social, and technological. These underlie principles and help make decisions. The concept of environmental determinism, probabilism , and possibilism are significant in
520-605: Is a great significance in understanding the ethical values of different groups around the world. Broadly speaking, two schools of thought exist in environmental ethics : Anthropocentrism and Ecocentrism , each influencing a broad spectrum of environmental resource management styles along a continuum. These styles perceive "...different evidence, imperatives, and problems, and prescribe different solutions, strategies, technologies, roles for economic sectors, culture, governments, and ethics, etc." Anthropocentrism, "an inclination to evaluate reality exclusively in terms of human values,"
572-422: Is an ethic reflected in the major interpretations of Western religions and the dominant economic paradigms of the industrialised world. Anthropocentrism looks at nature as existing solely for the benefit of humans, and as a commodity to use for the good of humanity and to improve human quality of life. Anthropocentric environmental resource management is therefore not the conservation of the environment solely for
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#1732766007228624-414: Is an interesting notion that might not be adaptable to all cases. Kissidougou, Guinea’s dry season brings about fires in the open grass fires which defoliate the few trees in the savanna. There are villages within this savanna surrounded by “islands” of forests, allowing for forts, hiding, rituals, protection from wind and fire, and shade for crops. According to scholars and researchers in the region during
676-537: Is considered a useful framework for dealing with situations of high levels of uncertainty though it is not without its detractors. A common scientific concept and impetus behind environmental resource management is carrying capacity . Simply put, carrying capacity refers to the maximum number of organisms a particular resource can sustain. The concept of carrying capacity, whilst understood by many cultures over history, has its roots in Malthusian theory. An example
728-487: Is dependent upon goods and services provided by natural ecosystems. The role of the environment is recognized in both classical economics and neoclassical economics theories, yet the environment was a lower priority in economic policies from 1950 to 1980 due to emphasis from policy makers on economic growth. With the prevalence of environmental problems, many economists embraced the notion that, "If environmental sustainability must coexist for economic sustainability, then
780-627: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages Blue Flag beach The Blue Flag is a certification by the Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE) that a beach , marina , or sustainable boating tourism operator meets its standards. The Blue Flag is a trademark owned by FEE, which is a not-for-profit non-governmental organisation consisting of 65 organisations in 77 member countries. FEE's Blue Flag criteria include standards for quality, safety, environmental education and information,
832-465: Is that of the recovery of natural resources . Such private sector recovery groups include mining (minerals and petroleum), forestry and fishery organisations. Environmental resource management undertaken by the private sectors varies dependent upon the resource type, that being renewable or non-renewable and private and common resources (also see Tragedy of the Commons ). Environmental managers from
884-969: Is the most widely used standard for environmental risk management and is closely aligned to the European Eco-Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS). As a common auditing standard, the ISO 19011 standard explains how to combine this with quality management . Other environmental management systems (EMS) tend to be based on the ISO 14001 standard and many extend it in various ways: Other strategies exist that rely on making simple distinctions rather than building top-down management "systems" using performance audits and full cost accounting . For instance, Ecological Intelligent Design divides products into consumables , service products or durables and unsaleables – toxic products that no one should buy, or in many cases, do not realize they are buying. By eliminating
936-443: Is thus linked to environmental protection , resource management , sustainability , integrated landscape management , natural resource management , fisheries management , forest management , wildlife management , environmental management systems , and others. Environmental resource management is an issue of increasing concern, as reflected in its prevalence in several texts influencing global sociopolitical frameworks such as
988-838: Is visible in the EU Water Framework Directive . However, "it is argued that Western scientific knowledge ... is often insufficient to deal with the full complexity of the interplay of variables in environmental resource management. These concerns have been recently addressed by a shift in environmental resource management approaches to incorporate different knowledge systems including traditional knowledge , reflected in approaches such as adaptive co-management community-based natural resource management and transitions management among others. Sustainability in environmental resource management involves managing economic, social, and ecological systems both within and outside an organizational entity so it can sustain itself and
1040-503: The Boston Consulting Group reaching 1,560 business leaders from diverse regions, job positions, expertise in sustainability, industries, and sizes of organizations, revealed the many benefits of sustainable practice as well as its viability. Although the sustainability of environmental resource management has improved, corporate sustainability , for one, has yet to reach the majority of global companies operating in
1092-684: The Brundtland Commission 's Our Common Future , which highlighted the integrated nature of the environment and international development , and the Worldwatch Institute 's annual State of the World reports. The environment determines the nature of people, animals , plants , and places around the Earth , affecting behaviour, religion , culture and economic practices. Environmental resource management can be viewed from
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#17327660072281144-503: The Foundation for Environmental Education (FEE). Several organizations and authorities outside the European Union have joined FEE. In 2001, South Africa and several Caribbean countries joined. FEE has been cooperating with UNEP and UN WTO on extending the Programme to areas outside Europe. South Africa, Canada, Morocco, Tunisia, New Zealand and four countries in the Caribbean region are members of FEE. Aruba and Brazil are currently in
1196-488: The 1780s to 1860s “the whole country [was] prairie.” James Fairhead and Melissa Leach, both environmental anthropologists at the University of Sussex, claim the state’s environmental analyses “casts into question the relationships between society, demography, and environment.” With this, they reformed the state’s narratives: Local land use can be both vegetation enriching and degrading; combined effect on resource management
1248-539: The Blue Flag was developed on European level to include other areas of environmental management, such as waste management and coastal planning and protection. Besides beaches marinas also became eligible for the Blue Flag. In 1987, 244 beaches and 208 marinas from 10 countries were awarded the Blue Flag. There have been increases in the numbers of Blue Flags awarded each year. The criteria have during these years been changed to more strict criteria. As an example, in 1992
1300-424: The Blue Flag. In addition, tour operators that offer whale watching, bird watching, seal watching, cage diving, recreational fishing and diving have to comply with additional criteria for the respective activity. These criteria are tailored to the different tourist experiences and take into account the specific environmental issues related to them. They include for example approach distances to different animal species,
1352-500: The Programme started using the restrictive guideline values in the EEC Bathing Water Directive as imperative criteria, and this was also the year where all Blue Flag criteria became the same in all participating countries. In 2001, FEEE rules were changed to allow non-European national organizations, sharing the objectives of FEEE, to become members, and changed its name by dropping Europe from its name, becoming
1404-437: The communities who most directly interact with the resource and who are most deeply impacted by the overexploitation of said resource to make the decisions regarding its management, thus empowering local communities and more effectively managing resources. Recent successful cases have put forward the notion of integrated management . It shares a wider approach and stresses out the importance of interdisciplinary assessment. It
1456-405: The concept of environmental resource management. Environmental resource management covers many areas in science , including geography , biology , social sciences , political sciences , public policy , ecology , physics , chemistry , sociology , psychology , and physiology . Environmental resource management as a practice and discourse (across these areas) is also the object of study in
1508-765: The correct use of equipment and the humane handling of animals that are caught during recreational fishing tours. Environmental management Environmental resource management or environmental management is the management of the interaction and impact of human societies on the environment . It is not, as the phrase might suggest, the management of the environment itself. Environmental resources management aims to ensure that ecosystem services are protected and maintained for future human generations, and also maintain ecosystem integrity through considering ethical , economic , and scientific ( ecological ) variables. Environmental resource management tries to identify factors between meeting needs and protecting resources. It
1560-456: The demand for lateral decision making that supports effective participation. Whether it be a matter of ethics or just strategic advantage organizations are internalizing sustainability principles. Some of the world's largest and most profitable corporations are shifting to sustainable environmental resource management: Ford, Toyota, BMW, Honda, Shell, Du Port, Sta toil, Swiss Re, Hewlett-Packard, and Unilever, among others. An extensive study by
1612-432: The environment as an economic externality for an environmental resource management strategy. This approach has often been termed 'Command-and-control'. Colby has identified trends in the development of economic paradigms, among them, a shift towards more ecological economics since the 1990s. There are many definitions of the field of science commonly called ecology . A typical one is "the branch of biology dealing with
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1664-512: The environment is a closed system that cannot be replenished and is finite. Economic models influence environmental resource management, in that management policies reflect beliefs about natural capital scarcity. For someone who believes natural capital is infinite and easily substituted, environmental management is irrelevant to the economy. For example, economic paradigms based on neoclassical models of closed economic systems are primarily concerned with resource scarcity and thus prescribe legalizing
1716-475: The environment's sake, but rather the conservation of the environment, and ecosystem structure, for humans' sake. Ecocentrists believe in the intrinsic value of nature while maintaining that human beings must use and even exploit nature to survive and live. It is this fine ethical line that ecocentrists navigate between fair use and abuse. At an extreme of the ethical scale, ecocentrism includes philosophies such as ecofeminism and deep ecology , which evolved as
1768-618: The implementation of resource management plans, particularly land management plans. The aim of civil society in environmental resource management is to be included in the decision-making process by means of public participation . Public participation can be an effective strategy to invoke a sense of social responsibility of natural resources. As with all management functions, effective management tools, standards, and systems are required. An environmental management standard or system or protocol attempts to reduce environmental impact as measured by some objective criteria. The ISO 14001 standard
1820-551: The late-19th and 20th centuries, there was a steady decline in tree cover. This led to colonial Guinea’s implementation of policies, including the switch of upland to swamp farming; bush-fire control; protection of certain species and land; and tree planting in villages. These policies were carried out in the form of permits, fines, and military repression. But, Kissidougou villagers claim their ancestors’ established these islands. Many maps and letters evidence France’s occupation of Guinea, as well as Kissidougou’s past landscape. During
1872-639: The link to point directly to the intended article. See also [ edit ] Bonnie Blue Flag Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title Blue flag . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Blue_flag&oldid=1144483383 " Categories : Disambiguation pages Plant common name disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Articles containing Latin-language text Short description
1924-464: The markets. The three major barriers to preventing organizations from shifting towards sustainable practice with environmental resource management are not understanding what sustainability is; having difficulty modeling an economically viable case for the switch; and having a flawed execution plan, or a lack thereof. Therefore, the most important part of shifting an organization to adopt sustainability in environmental resource management would be to create
1976-420: The misidentification, or lack of information pertaining to the relationships between ecological variables; parameter uncertainty referring to "uncertainty associated with parameter values that are not known precisely but can be assessed and reported in terms of the likelihood…of experiencing a defined range of outcomes"; and stochastic uncertainty stemming from chance or unrelated factors. Adaptive management
2028-794: The modern organisation has the potential to apply environmental resource management with sustainability principles to achieve highly effective outcomes. To achieve sustainable development with environmental resource management an organisation should work within sustainability principles, including social and environmental accountability , long-term planning; a strong, shared vision; a holistic focus; devolved and consensus decision making; broad stakeholder engagement and justice; transparency measures; trust; and flexibility. To adjust to today's environment of quick social and ecological changes, some organizations have begun to experiment with new tools and concepts. Those that are more traditional and stick to hierarchical decision making have difficulty dealing with
2080-486: The overall system must [permit] identification of an equilibrium between the environment and the economy." As such, economic policy makers began to incorporate the functions of the natural environment – or natural capital – particularly as a sink for wastes and for the provision of raw materials and amenities. Debate continues among economists as to how to account for natural capital, specifically whether resources can be replaced through knowledge and technology, or whether
2132-715: The pilot phase of the Programme and Jordan, Macedonia, Turks & Caicos Islands, Ukraine and United Arab Emirates have started the implementation of the Blue Flag Programme. FEE standards allow for regional variations in beach criteria to reflect specific environmental conditions of a region. As of 2006 an international set of criteria is being used with some variations. In 2016, Blue Flag extended its programmed boat-based tourism activities like nature watching (whale watching, bird watching, cage diving etc.), recreational fishing, diving and crewed charter tours. Certified tour operators have to comply with criteria regarding
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2184-485: The private sector also need skills to manage collaboration within a dynamic social and political environment. Civil society comprises associations in which societies voluntarily organise themselves and which represent a wide range of interests and ties. These can include community-based organisations, indigenous peoples' organisations and non-government organisations (NGOs). Functioning through strong public pressure, civil society can exercise their legal rights against
2236-460: The provision of services and general environmental management criteria. The Blue Flag is sought for beaches, marinas, and sustainable boating tourism operators as an indication of their high environmental and quality standards. Certificates, which FEE refers to as awards, are issued on an annual basis to beaches and marinas of FEE member countries. The awards are announced yearly on 5 June for Europe, Canada, Morocco, Tunisia, and other countries in
2288-680: The public sector in environmental resource management is to provide professional judgement through skilled technicians on behalf of the public. With the increase of intractable environmental problems, the public sector has been led to examine alternative paradigms for managing environmental resources. This has resulted in the public sector working collaboratively with other sectors (including other governments, private and civil) to encourage sustainable natural resource management behaviours. The private sector comprises private corporations and non-profit institutions serving households. The private sector's traditional role in environmental resource management
2340-486: The relations and interactions between organisms and their environment, including other organisms." "The pairing of significant uncertainty about the behaviour and response of ecological systems with urgent calls for near-term action constitutes a difficult reality, and a common lament" for many environmental resource managers . Scientific analysis of the environment deals with several dimensions of ecological uncertainty. These include: structural uncertainty resulting from
2392-422: The social sciences. Environmental resource management strategies are intrinsically driven by conceptions of human-nature relationships . Ethical aspects involve the cultural and social issues relating to the environment, and dealing with changes to it. "All human activities take place in the context of certain types of relationships between society and the bio-physical world (the rest of nature)," and so, there
2444-424: The stability of ecological systems that humanity depends on. Socially, an increasing gap between rich and poor and the global North–South divide denies many access to basic human needs, rights, and education, leading to further environmental destruction. The planet's unstable condition is caused by many anthropogenic sources. As an exceptionally powerful contributing factor to social and environmental change,
2496-1007: The sustainable operation of their boats and their business as a whole. In 2015 over 4,154 beaches and marinas globally were awarded the Blue Flag. There are 44 countries participating in the Blue Flag Programme, along with two US territories: Bahamas , Belgium , Brazil , Bulgaria , Canada , Costa Rica , Croatia , Cyprus , Denmark , Dominican Republic , Estonia , France , Germany , Greece , Iceland , India , Ireland , Israel , Italy , Jordan , Latvia , Lithuania , Malta , Mexico , Montenegro , Morocco , Netherlands , New Zealand , Norway , Panama , Poland , Portugal , Puerto Rico , Romania , Serbia , Slovenia , South Africa , Spain , Sweden , Tunisia , Trinidad and Tobago , Turkey , United Arab Emirates , United Kingdom , Ukraine and US Virgin Islands . Microbiological test as evidence for bacterial free The criteria presented above apply to all tour operators that want to be awarded
2548-448: The system it exists in. In context, sustainability implies that rather than competing for endless growth on a finite planet, development improves quality of life without necessarily consuming more resources. Sustainably managing environmental resources requires organizational change that instills sustainability values that portrays these values outwardly from all levels and reinforces them to surrounding stakeholders. The result should be
2600-476: The unsaleables from the comprehensive outcome of any purchase, better environmental resource management is achieved without systems . Another example that diverges from top-down management is the implementation of community based co-management systems of governance. An example of this is community based subsistence fishing areas, such as is implemented in Ha'ena, Hawaii. Community based systems of governance allow for
2652-618: Was created in France in 1985, as a pilot scheme from the Office of the Foundation for Environmental Education in Europe ( Office français de la Fondation pour l'Education à l'Environnement en Europe ) where French coastal municipalities were awarded the Blue Flag on the basis of criteria covering sewage treatment and bathing water quality. 11 French municipalities got the award in 1985. 1987
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#17327660072282704-683: Was the "European Year of the Environment" and the European Commission was responsible for developing the European Community activities of that year. The Foundation for Environmental Education in Europe (FEEE) presented the concept of the Blue Flag to the commission, and it was agreed to launch the Blue Flag Programme as one of several "European Year of the Environment" activities in the Community. The French concept of
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