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53-630: Brunswick East is an inner-city suburb in Melbourne , Victoria , Australia , 5 km (3.1 mi) north of Melbourne's Central Business District , located within the City of Merri-bek local government area . Brunswick East recorded a population of 13,279 at the 2021 census . Bordered generally by Lygon Street and Holmes Street in the west; the Merri Creek in the east adjoining Northcote ; Park Street, Nicholson Street and Glenlyon Road in

106-616: A Salvation Army Church, the Sacred Heart Catholic Church, Chinese Church of Christ and the Christian Chapel of the Church of Christ , built in 1865. The Catholic seminary is located on the site of St George's Catholic Church, Carlton's oldest surviving building, dating from 1855. The Albanian Mosque, Melbourne's oldest mosque is also located on Drummond Street in neighbouring Carlton North . Carlton

159-505: A Catholic primary school, Our Lady Help of Christians next to a Church of the same name. Northcote Secondary College is the nearest high school in Brunswick East. Brunswick East Primary School opened in 1893, and renovated in 1922, the early 1970s and 1997. CERES provides courses about environmental sustainability. Brunswick East is an area in transition. Lygon Street and parts of Nicholson Street are its main activity centres , with

212-630: A Structure Plan for the Brunswick Major Activity Centre, whose study area incorporates Lygon Street, Nicholson Street and much of the adjoining suburb of Brunswick . Brunswick East was a part of the City of Brunswick local government area until the latter was amalgamated with councils to the north to form the City of Moreland (now City of Merri-bek ) in 1994. The area has traditionally been considered an Australian Labor Party stronghold, although with recent demographic changes

265-415: A city, with an urban nature, regardless of its location within that city. The term "inner suburbs" refers to the older, denser, urban areas closer to the original colonial centre of the cities and "outer suburbs" refers to the urban areas more remote from the centre of the metropolitan area. Sometimes the term "middle ring suburb" is used to refer to areas that were urbanised early in a city's expansion after

318-578: A developer wanted a warehouse but local residents wanted a park, now the Hardy-Gallagher Reserve (named after Labor councillor Fred Hardy and union leader Norm Gallagher ). Another allowed a vacant lot in Cardigan street to be turned into a park, and another saved a number of terraced houses from demolition. The Carlton Magistrates' Court closed on 1 February 1985. Carlton is characterized by medium- to high-density housing, with

371-465: A high proportion of flats, units, apartments and semi-detached row townhouses. Separate houses make up just over half of all dwellings. More than one in four households in Brunswick East are lone person households and 14 per cent are group households, which is higher than the Merri-bek and metropolitan averages. There is also a high proportion of rental households, which is also significantly higher than

424-602: A house in Barkly Street, Carlton, and later died at St Vincent's Hospital . In the 1960s, the residents in some parts of the suburb were forced to move from their homes due to redevelopment by the Housing Commission of Victoria . Despite that, a number of areas in Carlton have survived intact. In the 1970s, Carlton was the site of three trade union green bans . One related to an abandoned block where

477-473: A joint project between the City of Melbourne and its twin city, Milan . A giant sundial is the main feature of the piazza. Little Italy, Melbourne, also sometimes referred to as the "Italian Precinct" or simply "Lygon Street", is a " Little Italy " cultural precinct centred around Lygon Street in Carlton. Lygon Street is home to a large concentration of Italian restaurants , and is the birthplace of Melbourne's " café culture ". The famous La Mama Theatre

530-580: A mix of apartments and student accommodation, attached and semidetached terraces mostly from the Victorian era and mix-use buildings As of 2021, apartments (80.7%) remain the most common form of housing. Carlton's apartments are low incomes, including crisis and student accommodation, with Housing Commission of Victoria towers and modern student apartment buildings. The two main housing commission estates are between Lygon and Rathdowne Streets, and between Nicholson and Canning Streets. These are configured as

583-453: A mix of commercial, retail, community and light industrial in the former, and a bias towards light industrial and residential in the latter. Rises in land values due to gentrification have resulted in many of the industrial uses vacating their buildings, which have become attractive to developers of medium and higher-density residential projects, often with a small commercial or retail component. Many of these projects have been contentious among

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636-455: A mixture of 4 and 5-storey walk-up flats and 22-storey high-rise towers which are in the process of being redeveloped as mixed-tenure housing. 72.3% of Carlton's housing is rented, the vast majority of which is concentrated in these apartment towers. The development of new apartment buildings to accommodate international student market since the late 1990s has transformed the once low-rise skyline of Swanston Street , so that its predominant height

689-538: A number of churches in Carlton, which serve the spiritual needs of Carlton residents. St Jude's Church , on Lygon Street, is one of the most active and well attended Anglican churches in the Greater Melbourne area. Other churches in the area include the bluestone Church of All Nations (a Uniting Church ) in Palmerston Street dating from 1860, a Romanian Orthodox Church on Queensberry Street,

742-515: Is about 10–11 storeys. Some strata-titled apartments are clustered fronting suburb's parks and gardens. Semi-detached housing makes up most of the remaining occupied private dwellings (17.1%). Much of this type of housing is the suburb's remaining stock of terrace houses which proliferated in the Victorian era. Today these homes are highly sought after, attract high prices and have been the primary of gentrification. Many are contained within heritage overlays and have individual heritage listings. Some of

795-477: Is also a centre of biomedical research. The Cancer Research Institute and the Australian College of Optometry all have their premises in Carlton. Carlton is the home of NETS (Victoria) which provides emergency transport of sick newborns between hospitals throughout Victoria and from Tasmania . It was also the home of Cancer Council Victoria for many years before it moved to St Kilda Road. There are

848-724: Is also set in Carlton and its surrounds. Carlton is home to some of Melbourne's most historically significant buildings such as Melbourne Trades Hall and the World Heritage Site of the Carlton Gardens , the Royal Exhibition Building and the ruins of the old Carlton Brewery , a collection of buildings constructed between 1864 and 1927, all listed on the Victorian Heritage Register . The Carlton Gardens are also home to

901-540: Is located in Carlton. It is noted for its energy, which is typical of the early Australian theatre scene in the 1970s. Besides that, Cinema Nova on Lygon Street shows many Australian and international art-house films, while Readings Bookstore has been a hub for literary and musical connoisseurs since the 1970s. Ray Lawler's seminal 1955 play Summer of the Seventeenth Doll is set in a Carlton terrace. The 1977 cult-classic novel Monkey Grip by Helen Garner

954-569: Is located on Drummond Street. The college accommodates forty seminarians who are studying to become priests. Primary education is provided by two schools; Carlton Gardens Primary School and Carlton Primary School. CGPS was founded in 1884 and is one of Melbourne's oldest schools and the closest to the Melbourne CBD. The Melbourne University Regiment (MUR) is based in Grattan Street, Carlton. MUR serves to train potential officers in

1007-667: Is most renowned for its cafes and restaurants, it is also home to some notable retail stores including Readings bookstore and Cinema Nova. In the 2021 census , there were 16,055 people in Carlton. 39.1% of people were born in Australia. The next most common countries of birth were China (14.0%), India (5.0%), Malaysia (3.9%), England (2.1%) and Vietnam (2.0%) 46.2% of people only spoke English at home. Other top languages spoken at home included Mandarin (16.6%), Cantonese (3.3%), Vietnamese (2.3%), Somali (2.0%) and Spanish (1.9%) The most common responses for religion

1060-526: Is quite separate from the longer established "Little Italy" strip of restaurants and street cafés further south in Lygon Street, Carlton . At the northern end of the Brunswick East strip of Lygon Street is a neighbourhood strip with a mixture of community, retail and entertainment venues. Between the two, Lygon Street is predominantly light industrial buildings undergoing a process of redevelopment to mixed-use. The East Brunswick Club Hotel became popular in

1113-405: Is served by many of Melbourne's tram routes, running along Swanston Street and terminating at Melbourne University . Routes 1 and 6 continue through to Carlton North and beyond via Lygon Street. Buses serve Carlton via Lygon, Elgin, and Rathdowne Streets. There are currently no trains to Carlton, with the closest station being Melbourne Central . There were talks and proposals of extending

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1166-526: Is the 26 hectare Carlton Gardens, planned for the World Exhibition. Lincoln Square on Swanston Street has a Bali Memorial , commemorating the victims of the 2002 Bali bombings officially opened on 12 October 2005, the third anniversary of the explosion that killed 202 innocent people, including 88 Australians. The northern part of Argyle Square, adjacent to Lygon Street, has been redeveloped into an Italian style piazza, known as Piazza Italia, in

1219-426: The 2011 census , there were 8476 people were living in Brunswick East. The population rose from 7410 recorded in 2006 , and 6845 in 2001 . The suburb has a higher proportion of people 18–34 years and a lower proportion of children 0–17 years and older people over 70 years, than the Merri-bek average. While cultural diversity is declining, nearly one third of all citizens were born overseas, which, although lower than

1272-559: The 2018 state election . For the 1999 state election , the suburb was in the Electoral district of Coburg . Polling place statistics are presented below combining the votes from the Brunswick East and Brunswick South East polling places in the federal and state elections as indicated. ^ = territory divided with another LGA List of Melbourne suburbs Each suburb is followed by its postcode . Some suburbs share

1325-599: The ALP . However, like many other inner-city suburbs undergoing a process of gentrification, the Greens have been gaining an increasing share of the vote. The suburb contains three polling booths (Carlton, Carlton Central and Carlton South), which collectively produced the following primary-vote results at the 2019 federal election : Greens 2534 or 62.58%; Labor 668 or 16.5%; Liberal 605 or 14.94%; Reason 212 or 5.24% and United Australia 30 or 0.74%. Due to Carlton's close proximity to

1378-824: The Australian rules football club, the Carlton Football Club (known as 'the Blues'), who are based at their former home ground, the Princes Park Football Ground , in nearby North Carlton. The club plays home games at the Docklands Stadium and the Melbourne Cricket Ground . Lygon Street, Grattan Street and Queensberry Street were part of the route of the marathon in the 2006 Commonwealth Games , which

1431-510: The Gothic style by G.B.H Austin and constructed between 1888 and 1889. The Lygon Buildings on Lygon Street were built in 1888 in the Mannerist style. Carlton Gardens Primary School , on Rathdowne Street, opened in 1884. The Police Station (no330 built 1878), Court House (no345-355 built 1887–88) and Medley Hall (no48 built 1892–93) are other notable heritage buildings. Carlton is the home of

1484-469: The Melbourne Museum . Carlton has many 19th century public buildings. The Carlton Club, which was built in 1889 by Inskip & Robertson, is notable for its decorative Australian native kangaroo gargoyles and polychrome Florentine arches. The Carlton Post Office and Police Station are both fine Renaissance Revival styled buildings. The Carlton Court House on Drummond Street was designed in

1537-448: The Melbourne central business district within the City of Melbourne local government area . Carlton recorded a population of 16,055 at the 2021 census . Immediately adjoining the CBD, Carlton is known nationwide for its Little Italy precinct centred on Lygon Street , for its preponderance of 19th-century Victorian architecture and its garden squares including the Carlton Gardens ,

1590-578: The Merri Creek corridor which is managed by a long-standing community group and has a popular bike path connected to the main Yarra Trail. The public open space forming part of the Merri Creek corridor or directly accessible from it includes: Within the built-up area of East Brunswick, public open space includes: Brunswick East has two government primary schools, Brunswick East Primary School (BEPS) and Brunswick South Primary School (BSPS), and

1643-599: The Parkville campus of the University of Melbourne , many university-owned buildings can be found around Carlton, as a result of the university's expansion through the years. This includes the University Square redevelopment, where the state-of-the-art Law and ICT buildings and a new underground carpark are located. However, the university's continued expansion into Carlton is opposed by some residents. Two of

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1696-409: The University of Melbourne and RMIT University . 72.7% of Carlton residents were attending a tertiary educational institution. Carlton falls within the federal electorate of Melbourne (currently held by Adam Bandt of The Greens ) and the state electorate of Melbourne (currently held by Ellen Sandell of The Greens ). A traditional working-class suburb, it traditionally saw a high vote for

1749-532: The 12-month period to January 2020 Carlton reported a median house price of A$ 620,000 for a two bedroom unit. Carlton's public spaces were planned in the Victorian era and notably are all garden squares. These are rectilinear green spaces surrounded by buildings, based on a model fashionable in Europe. There are five main garden squares within the suburb – Carlton Gardens, University Square, Lincoln Square, Argyle Place and MacArthur Place. The largest of these squares

1802-515: The 2001 census highlights that there are still pockets of disadvantage in the suburb, with almost half of the citizens on weekly individual incomes of less than $ 400 per week, with 10 per cent of citizens on incomes of less than $ 120 per week. At the southern end of the Brunswick East strip of Lygon Street there is an increasing diversity of restaurants and cafés offering a variety of cuisines including: Italian, Greek, Lebanese, Vietnamese, Japanese, Indian, Thai, and Malaysian foods. This restaurant strip

1855-574: The Australian Army Reserve. MUR was founded in 1884 as D company, 4th Battalion of the Victorian Rifles, and changed to its current name and role in 1948. Famous alumni include Sir John Monash , Sir Robert Menzies , Sir Ninian Stephen , Barry Humphries , and Andrew Peacock . Carlton is well serviced by the health sector. The Royal Women's Hospital and the new Royal Dental Hospital provide high quality health care. It

1908-507: The Merri-bek average, is substantially higher than the metropolitan average. In the 2011 census, 65.5% of people reported speaking only English at home. The most common other languages spoken at home are Italian (9.2%), Greek (4.6%), Arabic (2.5%), Mandarin (1.8%) and Cantonese (1.0%). In the census, 39.4% of people identified as having no religion (markedly more than the state average of 24.0%), 26.5% as Catholic, 6.6% as Eastern Orthodox, 4.4% as Anglican and 2.8% as Buddhist. Brunswick East has

1961-677: The area has contributed to the election of an Australian Greens Party Councillor to the Moreland Council in 2001, 2004, 2008, and again in 2012. At federal level, Brunswick East is within the Division of Wills , held by Peter Khalil of the ALP since 2016. In the Victorian Legislative Assembly , Brunswick East lies within the Electoral district of Brunswick , which has been held by The Greens' Tim Read since

2014-600: The beginning of the Victorian Gold Rush , with the Carlton Post Office opening on 19 October 1865. The suburb was named after Carlton House , the Westminster residence of King George IV . By the 1930s, many homes in Carlton were seen as slums and leased by poor residents. In 1927, Squizzy Taylor , an Australian gangster, was wounded in a gunfight with rival, John "Snowy" Cutmore , at

2067-426: The best examples of this style can be found on Drummond Street, a long wide boulevard flanked by grand homes, including Rosaville (no46 built 1883), Drummond Terrace (no 93-105 built 1890–91), Lothian Terrace (no175-179 built 1865–69), Terraces at 313&315 (1889). Though many terraces in Carlton no longer function as residences and have either been converted for mixed-use or facaded as part of larger developments. In

2120-474: The inner suburbs had become established. This differs from British and North American usage, in which the term "suburb" is usually not applied to urban areas ( neighbourhoods ) that are close to a major city centre or inside the central city's local government boundary. See Melbourne central business district for precincts in the CBD. Carlton, Victoria Carlton is an inner-city suburb in Melbourne , Victoria, Australia , three kilometres north of

2173-549: The latter being the location of the Royal Exhibition Building , one of Australia's few man-made sites with World Heritage status. Due to its proximity to the University of Melbourne , the CBD campus of RMIT University and the Fitzroy campus of Australian Catholic University , Carlton is also home to one of the highest concentrations of university students in Australia. Carlton was founded in 1851, at

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2226-666: The local community, the most notable being the East Brunswick Village development on Nicholson Street. Local groups such as the Brunswick Progress Association and the Brunswick Residents Network have been active in anti-development campaigns, along with the local branch of Save Our Suburbs , Brunswick Residents Against Inappropriate Development. In 2006, Moreland City Council commenced a consultative process to develop

2279-442: The metropolitan and Merri-bek averages. Residents of Brunswick East tend to be highly educated, with 28 per cent having a bachelor's degree or higher, and over half of all residents having completed Year 12 schooling, significantly higher than the municipal and metropolitan averages. A high proportion of professionals work in Brunswick East, with declining numbers of labourers, trades, production and transport workers. Income data from

2332-560: The mid-2000s as a music venue. Community radio station 3RRR moved from Fitzroy to the corner Blyth and Nicholson Streets in late 2004, opposite another music venue, the Lomond Hotel. Commuters to the city use bus and tram routes. Five bus routes travel east–west through the suburb, including: Cyclists have available many, on road cycle lanes as well as easy access to the Merri Creek Trail along Merri Creek . On

2385-532: The same postcode. Indented entries are recognised by the Geographic Names Board as unbounded neighbourhoods except when italicised . Those italicised usually have, or have had, Post Offices open under that name. Information about exact suburb boundaries can be obtained from the Department of Environment Land Water and Planning . In Australia, a suburb is a named and bounded locality of

2438-423: The south adjoining Carlton North and Fitzroy North ; and Moreland Road in the north adjoining Coburg . Brunswick East is a mixed-use suburb, consisting of primarily residential and commercial properties. Lygon Street and Nicholson Street run along Brunswick East's western border with neighbouring Brunswick , while Park Street (one block south of the main thoroughfare of Brunswick Road) and Glenlyon Road form

2491-539: The southern border with Carlton North and Fitzroy North respectively. Merri Creek marks the eastern border with adjoining Northcote. Moreland Road marks the northern border with adjoining Coburg. Brunswick East has a hillier landscape than Brunswick. In 1839, under the instructions of Robert Hoddle , chief surveyor, the area of Brunswick , including East Brunswick, was surveyed. Big blocks were marked out of 1 1 ⁄ 2 miles long by 1/4-mile wide. The blocks were bought mostly by land speculators. Bluestone quarrying

2544-714: The southern edge of the suburb, the old Inner Circle railway line is now a linear park which is a part of the Capital City Trail for pedestrians and cyclists. This trail connects the Merri Creek Trail to the Moonee Ponds Creek Trail in the network of pedestrian and bicycle shared use paths for Cycling in Melbourne . Three tram routes service Brunswick East: East Brunswick has several parks and reserves of varying size, as well as

2597-451: The suburb became the location of numerous textile and garment factories. The textile industry has been in substantial decline in the suburb since the 1980s, with the liberalisation and elimination of tariff controls by successive Federal Governments . Redevelopment of commercial and industrial property has taken place for medium and high density housing, as part of the intense gentrification Brunswick East has been subjected to. According to

2650-468: The university's residential colleges are located in Carlton; Medley Hall is located on Drummond Street, while Graduate House is on Leicester Street. Graduate House is a residential college for graduate students only and does not admit any undergraduate students. Melbourne Business School , Melbourne Law School and part of RMIT University 's City Campus are also located in Carlton. Victoria and Tasmania's Catholic seminary , Corpus Christi College ,

2703-439: Was No Religion (51.6%), Catholic (11.4%), Islam (7.1%) and Buddhism (6.0%). The area is noted for its diverse population that has been the home in earlier days of Jewish and Italian immigrants. A large number of low-income residents live in the substantial public housing estates that were built during the 1960s. Carlton also has a sizable tertiary student population, both local and international, due to its proximity to

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2756-513: Was hosted in Melbourne. Lygon and Cardigan Streets are part of the seventh course of the annual cycling tour, Jayco Herald Sun Tour. Lygon Street, which runs through the heart of Carlton, is a centre of Italian culture and cuisine. It is popular among Melburnians and foreigners alike for its numerous restaurants, especially Italian restaurants. Lygon Street is also home to coffee roasters, brunch cafes, pubs, rooftop bars, specialist gelaterias, and several continental cake cafes. Although Lygon Street

2809-460: Was one of the first industries in Brunswick East. By 1852, the local stone quarries had been worked to the point of exhaustion. Significant residential subdivision of the area took place in the 1880s (Brunswick East Post Office opening on 13 January 1888) and also in the period after World War I . In 1916, the tram along Lygon Street was electrified, making access much easier. Brunswick's first textile factory, Prestige Hosiery, opened in 1922, and

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