GM1 ( monosialotetrahexosylganglioside ) the "prototype" ganglioside , is a member of the ganglio series of gangliosides which contain one sialic acid residue. GM1 has important physiological properties and impacts neuronal plasticity and repair mechanisms, and the release of neurotrophins in the brain . Besides its function in the physiology of the brain, GM1 acts as the site of binding for both cholera toxin and E. coli heat-labile enterotoxin ( Traveller's diarrhea ).
11-814: [REDACTED] Look up GM , Gm , or gm in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. GM or Gm may refer to: Companies [ edit ] General Motors , US automobile manufacturing company which was founded in 1908 Motors Liquidation Company , the US automobile manufacturing company known as General Motors Corporation from 1916 to 2009 General Mills , US food manufacturing company Gunn & Moore , UK sports equipment company Places [ edit ] The Gambia , by ISO 3166 code Germany , by FIPS 10-4 country code Greater Manchester , England Sports and gaming [ edit ] RGM-79 GM ,
22-408: A Russian tracked vehicle chassis G minor , chords and scale General manager General MIDI , a standardized specification for music synthesizers Genital mutilation George Medal , a UK, primarily civil, decoration for acts of great bravery Gold master, a version of software to be distributed to customers, i.e. ready for release to manufacturing Google Maps Gunner's mate ,
33-500: A US Navy rating See also [ edit ] [REDACTED] Search for "gm" on Misplaced Pages. GM1 , a ganglioside in brain biochemistry Gram , a unit of mass, usually abbreviated "g" rather than "gm" Grandmaster (disambiguation) All pages with titles beginning with Gm All pages with titles beginning with GM All pages with titles containing GM MG (disambiguation) G (disambiguation) M (disambiguation) Topics referred to by
44-500: A mobile suit series in the video game Mobile Suit Gundam Gamemaster or game master, a person officiating in a multiplayer role-playing game Grandmaster (chess) Grandmaster (martial arts) GM (magazine) Science and measurement [ edit ] Geiger–Müller tube or G-M tube, a type of radiation detector Genetic modification or genetically modified, manipulation of an organism's genome Gigametre or gigameter (Gm), one billion metres Silty gravel, in
55-417: A rare antibody-mediated inflammatory neuropathy. The bacteria Vibrio cholerae produces a multimeric toxin called the cholera toxin . The secreted toxin attaches to the surface of the host mucosa cell by binding to GM1 gangliosides. GM1 consists of a sialic acid-containing oligosaccharide covalently attached to a ceramide lipid. The A1 subunit of this toxin will gain entry to intestinal epithelial cells with
66-517: Is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages GM">GM The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . GM1 Galactosidases are enzymes that break down GM1, and the failure to remove GM1 results in GM1 gangliosidosis. GM1 gangliosidosis are inherited disorders that progressively destroy neurons in
77-455: Is present in the small intestine. When the cholera patient is given a solution containing water, sodium and glucose , the SGLT1 receptor will reabsorb sodium and glucose, while water will be passively absorbed with the sodium. This will replace the water and electrolyte loss in the cholera-induced diarrhea. Because of GM1's close role in neuron repair mechanisms, it has been investigated as
88-697: The Unified Soil Classification System Standard gravitational parameter μ = G M {\displaystyle \mu =GM\ } Metacentric height , related to ship stability Transconductance , an electronic component parameter GM, unit of cross section named after Maria Goeppert Mayer Other uses [ edit ] Gm (digraph) , pair of letters used in English for certain Greek words GM chassis or Gusenichnaya Machina,
99-543: The assistance of the B subunit via the GM1 ganglioside receptor. Once inside, the A1 subunit will ADP ribosylate the Gs alpha subunit , which will prevent its GTPase activity. This will lock it in the active state and it will continuously stimulate adenylate cyclase. The sustained adenylate cyclase activity will lead to a sustained increase of cAMP which will cause electrolyte and water loss, causing diarrhea . The SGLT1 receptor
110-678: The brain and spinal cord as GM1 accumulates. Without treatment, this results in developmental decline and muscle weakness, eventually leading to severe retardation and death. Antibodies to GM1 are increased in Guillain–Barré syndrome , dementia and lupus but their function is not clear. There is some evidence to suggest antibodies against GM1 are associated with diarrhea in Guillain–Barré syndrome. GM1 antibodies are also seen in Multifocal Motor Neuropathy (MMN) ,
121-401: The same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with the title GM . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GM&oldid=1259222946 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Short description
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