Government and binding ( GB , GBT ) is a theory of syntax and a phrase structure grammar in the tradition of transformational grammar developed principally by Noam Chomsky in the 1980s. This theory is a radical revision of his earlier theories and was later revised in The Minimalist Program (1995) and several subsequent papers, the latest being Three Factors in Language Design (2005). Although there is a large literature on government and binding theory which is not written by Chomsky, Chomsky's papers have been foundational in setting the research agenda.
16-499: [REDACTED] Look up GB or Gb in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. GB , or Gb may refer to: Places [ edit ] United Kingdom (ISO 3166-1 code), a sovereign country situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe Great Britain , an island situated off the north-western coast of continental Europe Kingdom of Great Britain (1707–1800),
32-436: A British television news channel Science and technology [ edit ] Computing and electronics [ edit ] Gigabit (Gb), a unit of information used, for example, to quantify computer memory or storage capacity Gigabyte (GB), a unit of information used, for example, to quantify computer memory or storage capacity Gain–bandwidth product , product of amplifier midband gain and bandwidth Game Boy ,
48-482: A Christian organization for girls Grande Bibliothèque , a large public library in Montreal University of Wisconsin–Green Bay , an American university ABX Air (IATA airline designator GB), a cargo airline GB Glace , a Swedish ice cream company Griesedieck Brothers beer , an American beer brand GB Supermarkets , a Belgian chain that was eventually taken over by Carrefour GB News ,
64-412: A full Unicode Transformation Format Military technology [ edit ] Beechcraft GB Traveler , U.S. Navy aircraft Steyr GB , an Austrian semi-automatic handgun Sarin (NATO designation GB), a nerve gas GB-1 , a World War II American glide bomb GB PGB , a series of Chinese precision guided bombs Other uses in science and technology [ edit ] Ganglion blocker ,
80-463: A handheld video game console Guobiao standards , Chinese National Standards GB 2312 , an encoding scheme for rendering Simplified Chinese characters; also has partial support for Traditional, and some other languages, though in practice web browser support it as (i.e. with full support): GB 18030 , an encoding scheme for rendering Simplified Chinese characters, but with full support for Traditional, and all languages Unicode supports, since it's
96-443: A head X is XP. This means that for example in a structure like the following, A m-commands B, but B does not m-command A: [REDACTED] In addition, barrier is defined as follows: A barrier is any node Z such that The government relation makes case assignment unambiguous. The tree diagram below illustrates how DPs are governed and assigned case by their governing heads: [REDACTED] Another important application of
112-659: A medication Gigabase (Gb), a unit of length for DNA Gilbert (unit) (Gb), a unit of magnetization named for English physicist William Gilbert Government and binding theory , in linguistics, by Noam Chomsky Guillain–Barré syndrome , an acute inflammatory polyneuropathy Sport [ edit ] Great Britain at the Olympics , the Olympic team of the United Kingdom Green Bay Packers , an American football team Games behind ,
128-456: A number reflecting the gap between two sports teams People [ edit ] GB (footballer) , (full name Gabriel Souza da Silva), Brazilian association footballer Guy Bomford , who also published as G.B. Other uses [ edit ] Gb (digraph) , a digraph in the Latin alphabet Voiced labial–velar plosive , a consonant sound transcribed as /ɡ͡b/ G♭ (musical note) ,
144-598: A predecessor country of the United Kingdom Gilgit-Baltistan , a region in northern Pakistan Guinea-Bissau , a sovereign state in West Africa Green Bay, Wisconsin , United States Great Barrington, Massachusetts , United States Businesses and organisations [ edit ] GB Airways , a British airline Gardner Bender , a manufacturer of professional electrician's tools and supplies Girls' Brigade ,
160-451: A semitone G-flat major , a key Group buy , buying something as a collective Gazerbeam , a fictional deceased superhero in the animated film The Incredibles Goin' Bulilit , Philippine television show See also [ edit ] BG (disambiguation) Gigabyte (disambiguation) GBS (disambiguation) Topics referred to by the same term [REDACTED] This disambiguation page lists articles associated with
176-595: The government relation constrains the occurrence and identity of traces as the Empty Category Principle requires them to be properly governed. Binding can be defined as follows: Consider the sentence "John i saw his i mother", which is diagrammed below using simple phrase structure trees . [REDACTED] The NP "John" c-commands "his" because the first parent of the NP, S, contains "his". "John" and "his" are also coreferential (they refer to
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#1732773159243192-417: The minimalist program. The main application of the government relation concerns the assignment of case . Government is defined as follows: A governs B if and only if Governors are heads of the lexical categories (V, N, A, P) and tensed I (T). A m-commands B if A does not dominate B and B does not dominate A and the first maximal projection of A dominates B, where the maximal projection of
208-453: The same person), therefore "John" binds "his". On the other hand, in the ungrammatical sentence "*The mother of John i likes himself i ", "John" does not c-command "himself", so they have no binding relationship despite the fact that they corefer. [REDACTED] The importance of binding is shown in the grammaticality or ungrammaticality of the following sentences: Binding is used, along with particular binding principles, to explain
224-402: The theory: government , which is an abstract syntactic relation applicable, among other things, to the assignment of case ; and binding , which deals chiefly with the relationships between pronouns and the expressions with which they are co-referential . GB was the first theory to be based on the principles and parameters model of language, which also underlies the later developments of
240-744: The title GB . If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change the link to point directly to the intended article. Retrieved from " https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=GB&oldid=1255282233 " Category : Disambiguation pages Hidden categories: Pages with plain IPA Short description is different from Wikidata All article disambiguation pages All disambiguation pages GB">GB The requested page title contains unsupported characters : ">". Return to Main Page . Government and binding theory The name refers to two central subtheories of
256-475: The ungrammaticality of statements 1, 3, and 4. The applicable rules are called Binding Principle A, Binding Principle B, and Binding Principle C. Since "himself" is not c-commanded by "John" in sentence [3], Principle A is violated. In sentence [1], "him" is bound by "John", violating Principle B. In sentence [4], the first instance of "John" binds the second, violating Principle C. Note that Principles A and B refer to "governing categories"—domains which limit
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